Nitrogen fertilization management in no-tillage maize with different winter crops

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

WHEAT NITROGEN FERTILIZATION UNDER NO TILL ON THE LOW ALTITUDE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Upland rice under no-tillage preceded by crops for soil cover and nitrogen fertilization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise isotópica (Delta15N) e química do capim-marandu adubado com ureia e cama de frango e diferido

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) of palisadegrass and residual effect on subsequent no-tillage corn

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

MORPHOGENESIS AND PRODUCTION OF TANZANIA, MOMBACA AND MULATO GRASSES UNDER NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

A field trial was conducted designed in a completely randomized block in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement to evaluate the application of nitrogen doses (N) (0, 40, 80 and 160 kg/ha) on the morphogenical characteristics and dry matter partition of three forage grasses (Panicum maximum cvs. Mombasa and Tanzania and Brachiaria sp. Hybrid Mulato). The leaf appearance (LAR, leaf/day) and stretching (LER; mm/day) rates, the number of green leaves per tiller (NLT) and the average weight of tillers (MTW; g) presented s positive linear response to the N dose while the phyllochron (Phil; day/leaves) showed a negative linear response. The highest LER, IAL and final leaf length (FLL; cm) occurred in the Mombaca and Tanzania grasses, while the highest LAR occurred in the Mulato grass. There was a negative quadratic effect of the N dose on the stem elongation rate (SER; mm/day) and LF. The Mombaca and Tanzania grasses presented the highest SER; however, in just two forages. The production of total dry matter (TDM; kg/ha), leaves (LDM; kg/ha) and stems (SDM; kg/ha) increased linearly and quadratically with the N dose, respectively, for the Mombaca and Tanzania grasses. There was a high positive correlation among DM, LDM and SDM and the Mombaca grass MTW. The dry matter production and morphogenic characteristics were influenced by the nitrogen fertilization as a result of the substantial increase in the flow of tissues stimulated by fertilization, proving the importance of N for forage biomass accumulation.

LIMING AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION FOR TIFTON 85 GRASS

Despite the high nutritional requirements of Tifton 85 grass, often the importance of liming and potassium fertilization for this forage has been neglected. In order to evaluate the effects of such practices on shoots dry matter and tillering of this forage, was carried out an experiment in green-house conditions, by two cuts, using samples of an Oxisol medium texture and a sandy soil. Efforts were also made to determine parameters to support recommendations for liming and potassium fertilization. Was adopted the completely randomized design with four replications in a factorial scheme 4x4x2, with four K rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 mg kg(-1) K), four pH values (original, 4.9, 5.9 and 6.4) and two soils. Potassium fertilization and liming promoted a significant increase in shoot dry matter and tillering in Tifton 85 grass, in both soils and cuts. The highest yields of shoot dry matter were associated with a base saturation of 56% and pH 5.2. The critical levels of K in soil and plant were 1.7 mmol dm(-3) and 14.0 g kg(-1), respectively.

POTASSIC FERTILIZATION FOR CRAMBE CROP

There are few studies for the crambe crop (Crambe abyssinica Hochst), and studies that characterize the sufficiency level of K in the soil and leaves are indispensable to support future programs potassium fertilization for this crop of fall/winter. An experiment was carried out to investigate the response of crambe to K soil. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Red Latossol under no-till in Botucatu, S (a) over tildeo Paulo State, Brazil. Treatments consisted of seven K levels in the soil, resulting from the application year (2000 to 2010), the summer crop (soybean), 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg ha(-1) K2O. Before starting the experiment, soil samples were collected at depths of 0-20 cm and soil K contents determined by the resin and Mehlich-1 method. The sufficiency levels of K in soil and leaves were obtained considering the relative yield of 90%. When the levels of soil K extracted by resin and Mehlich-1, are above 88 and 94 mg dm(-3), respectively, equivalent to 26 g kg(-1) K in the leaves, the increase in crop yield of crambe is unlikely. These values should match the sufficiency level of crop and are sufficient to achieve relative grain yield of 90%.

SILICON IN ROW AND NITROGEN IN TOPDRESSING FERTILIZATION ON RICE UNDER DRY LAND AND SPRINKLER IRRIGATION CONDITIONS

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of silicon application adjusted with nitrogen fertilization via top-dressing on grain productivity, the silicon contents of the soil, in the plant tissue and nitrogen contents in dry and irrigated conditions. The experimental outlining was from designed blocks with subdivided parcels and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of culture system (dry and irrigated) and the under parcels by the combination of silicon (0 and 100 kg ha(-1)), in magnesium and calcium silicate form (with 23% of SiO2), and four doses of N (urea) via top-dressing (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha(-1)). Silicon application at sowing furrow was a viable technique because it provided significant increase in the content of this element in the root growth of rice. The application of silicon in the sowing furrow did not change the content of the element nor the nitrogen nutrition in rice plants. The nitrogen application reduced the silicon content and increased nitrogen nutrition in rice plants. Silicon application at sowing furrow provided no increase in rice grain yield. When there was no water limitation to nitrogen fertilization enhanced linearly on rice grain yield, whereas under water stress the effect of nitrogen fertilization was limited.

Análises microbiológicas e quantificação de proteína de soja pela metodologia isotípica (δ13C and δ15N) em hambúrgueres bovinos de marcas comerciais brasileiras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Detecção da procedência de plantas psicoativas pelos isótopos estáveis do nitrogênio (15n) e oxigênio (18o)

This research examines the merits of hallucinogenic plants considered and/or psychoactive substances, such as Cannabis sativa and Ipomoea violacea, using the isotope rates of stable isotope of oxygen (18O) and nitrogen (15N), continuing projects already developed by the research group at the Center for Stable Isotope (CIE), which evaluated the isotopes carbon-13. This paper helps in creating a database that we intent to use in evaluation of each plant merit. Through the IRMS (Isotope-Ratio Mass Spectrometry) technique, it has shown that some of the 24 samples of marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.) evaluated were similar to those grown in the regions of Fairbanks and Tanacross Alaska, USA. In turn, the 50 samples of Ipomoea violacea, coming from Botucatu (SP) and Três Lagoas (MS), got their differences detected, in order to clearly identify the discrepancies between their growing regions. Thus, it was possible not only to track the geographical differences between marijuana samples collected from different regions, but also evaluate the isotopic variation of leaf, flower and seed of Ipomoea violacea. With this database, it was possible to determine the origin region of the drug and/or detect where the cultivation was carried out, aiding in the search of the traffic control agencies, such as the Federal Police in Brazil

Poultry offal meal traceability in meat quail tissues using the technique of stable carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) isotopes

Studies on the detection of animal by-products in poultry meat are rare, and non-existent on quail meat. This study aimed at detectiong increasing levels of poultry offal meal (POM) in quail meat, using carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) stable isotopes technique. Sixty four on-day-old male quails derived from a commercial farm were randomly distributed into seven different groups, which were fed experimental diets containing 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 15% of POM. Diets were formulated to contain equal energy, protein, and amino acid levels. Four individuals per treatment were sacrificed at 42 days of age for breast muscle (Pectoralis major), keel, and tibia collection, which were subsequently submitted to analyses. Isotopic δ13C and δ15N enrichment was observed in all analyzed tissues, with the lowest detection level of 3% dietary inclusion of poultry offal meal.

Técnicas intervencionistas de recuperação ecológica em áreas florestais e influências nas características físicas, químicas e isotópicas dos solos

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Frangos de corte de produtores do estado de São Paulo: rastreabilidade da alimentação por δ13C e δ15N

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of antioxidants during bovine in vitro fertilization procedures on spermatozoa and embryo development

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)