Knowledge transfer: the facilitating attributes in supply-chain partnerships

This article examines the operational characteristics of supply-chain partnerships and identifies the relational attributes that cultivate knowledge transfer in such partnerships. A set of theoretical propositions are developed. A case study of a computer manufacturer's supply chain was conducted to examine their validity. The findings support the view that trust, commitment, interdependence, shared meaning, and balanced power facilitate knowledge transfer in supply-chain partnerships, and that knowledge transfer should be treated as a dynamic multistage process.

Reliability properties under a stopping time shift

Considering a series representation of a coherent system using a shift transform of the components lifetime T-i, at its critical level Y-i, we study two problems. First, under such a shift transform, we analyse the preservation properties of the non-parametric distribution classes and secondly the association preserving property of the components lifetime under such transformations. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Modas e modismos gerenciais : o caso dos sistemas integrados de gestão

A introdução de novas tecnologias administrativas é tema de grande relevância para acadêmicos e executivos. Esta pesquisa pretende analisar a questão das modas e modismos em gestão empresarial por meio de uma investigação sobre a adoção e implementação de sistemas integrados de gestão. Tais sistemas, popularizados nos últimos anos, representam investimentos vultosos para as empresas. Pressionadas pelo aumento da competição, empresas em todo o mundo os tem adotados. Estabelecemos e testamos as hipóteses que o processo de tomada de decisão sobre a implantação é inconsistente, que a estratégia de implantação é inadequada e que os resultados são decepcionantes. Ao final, para explicar o fenômeno, propomos um quadro conceitual que inclui fatores substantivos, fatores institucionais e fatores políticos.

O sistema de informação nas instituições públicas de ensino superior :o caso da Pró-Reitoria de Ensino e Graduação da Universidade do Amazonas

o presente trabalho objetiva verificar até que ponto os instrumentos de informação utilizados pela Pró-Reitoria de Graduação da Universidade do Amazonas - PROEG, estão sendo utilizados corretamente, quais as dificuldades encontradas em suas utilizações, como reduzir ao máximo suas deficiências e/ou sugerir a mudança deles. Para tal serão analisadas bibliografias na área de administração de sistemas de informação, os documentos existentes e pesquisa de campo. Estas duas últimas serão as diretrizes primordiais para as melhorias, já que somente através delas se saberá o que realmente acontece neste processo de informação. A hipótese de utilização diferenciada ou mudança do sistema de informação da PROEG deverá proporcionar sugestões viáveis de melhora na sua eficiência, para que este trabalho de pesquisa seja validado.

Prevalência e fatores de risco de leptospirose bovina no Estado do Maranhão

Foram investigados a prevalência e os fatores de risco da leptospirose bovina no Estado do Maranhão. O Estado foi dividido em quatro circuitos amostrais com base em parâmetros de produção distintos que variam conforme os diferentes sistemas de produção, as práticas de manejo, a finalidade de exploração, o tamanho médio dos rebanhos e os sistemas de comercialização. Objetivou-se estudar as características epidemiológicas da leptospirose bovina no Estado do Maranhão, de modo a determinar a prevalência em bovinos e em rebanhos, detectar as sorovariedades de Leptospira spp. presentes, identificar os fatores de risco eventualmente associados à leptospirose em bovinos e diferenciar os circuitos pecuários entre si no que se refere à prevalência de leptospirose. A pesquisa foi realizada em 136 propriedades rurais pertencentes ao circuito I, no qual 841 fêmeas bovinas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses foram analisadas; 238 do circuito II, com 2.582 fêmeas analisadas; 122 do circuito III, com 869 fêmeas analisadas; e 77 do circuito IV, com 540 fêmeas analisadas; no total, 573 propriedades e 4.832 fêmeas foram estudadas. A presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. foi verificada pela técnica de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM). Das 4.832 fêmeas bovinas analisadas, 1.904 (35,94%; IC 95% = 33,01% - 38,98%) foram reagentes. Das 573 propriedades analisadas, 380 (64,81%; IC 95% = 61,10% - 68,35%) foram consideradas positivas. As sorovariedades Hardjo e Wolffi foram as mais frequentes em todo o Estado. O circuito III foi o que apresentou menor prevalência de leptospirose em todas as comparações. As variáveis identificadas como fatores de risco de leptospirose foram: presença de equinos (p = 0,000), presença de capivaras (p = 0,034) e rebanhos bovinos com 32 ou mais fêmeas adultas (p = 0,002).

Métricas de desempenho para sistema de alarmes de processos industriais

The evolution of automation in recent years made possible the continuous monitoring of the processes of industrial plants. With this advance, the amount of information that automation systems are subjected to increased significantly. The alarms generated by the monitoring equipment are a major contributor to this increase, and the equipments are usually deployed in industrial plants without a formal methodology, which entails an increase in the number of alarms generated, thus overloading the alarm system and therefore the operators of such plants. In this context, the works of alarm management comes up with the objective of defining a formal methodology for installation of new equipment and detect problems in existing settings. This thesis aims to propose a set of metrics for the evaluation of alarm systems already deployed, so that you can identify the health of this system by analyzing the proposed indices and comparing them with parameters defined in the technical norms of alarm management. In addition, the metrics will track the work of alarm management, verifying if it is improving the quality of the alarm system. To validate the proposed metrics, data from actual process plants of the petrochemical industry were used

Eucalyptus ESTs involved in mechanisms against plant pathogens and environmental stresses

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Espécies reativas do oxigênio e as doenças respiratórias em grandes animais

As espécies reativas do oxigênio (ERO) são moléculas instáveis e extremamente reativas capazes de transformar outras moléculas com as quais colidem. As ERO são geradas em grande quantidade durante o estresse oxidativo, condição em que são afetadas moléculas como proteínas, carboidratos, lipídeos e ácido nucleicos. Neste trabalho, são discutidos os principais conceitos sobre os radicais livres e as ERO: principais tipos, sua formação e a forma como atuam sobre as estruturas celulares, provocando lesão tecidual significativa. Os principais sistemas de defesa antioxidantes e a influência do aumento na produção dessas ERO no trato respiratório de grandes animais também são discutidos, dando ênfase ao envolvimento das ERO em doenças como a pneumonia em ruminantes e na obstrução recorrente das vias aéreas e a hemorragia pulmonar induzida por exercício em equinos.

LUTS: A lightweight user-level transaction scheduler

Software Transactional Memory (STM) systems have poor performance under high contention scenarios. Since many transactions compete for the same data, most of them are aborted, wasting processor runtime. Contention management policies are typically used to avoid that, but they are passive approaches as they wait for an abort to happen so they can take action. More proactive approaches have emerged, trying to predict when a transaction is likely to abort so its execution can be delayed. Such techniques are limited, as they do not replace the doomed transaction by another or, when they do, they rely on the operating system for that, having little or no control on which transaction should run. In this paper we propose LUTS, a Lightweight User-Level Transaction Scheduler, which is based on an execution context record mechanism. Unlike other techniques, LUTS provides the means for selecting another transaction to run in parallel, thus improving system throughput. Moreover, it avoids most of the issues caused by pseudo parallelism, as it only launches as many system-level threads as the number of available processor cores. We discuss LUTS design and present three conflict-avoidance heuristics built around LUTS scheduling capabilities. Experimental results, conducted with STMBench7 and STAMP benchmark suites, show LUTS efficiency when running high contention applications and how conflict-avoidance heuristics can improve STM performance even more. In fact, our transaction scheduling techniques are capable of improving program performance even in overloaded scenarios. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

Determinação da toxicidade do selênio por meio de análises hematológicas em Oreochromis niloticus

Selenium (Se) is described as an essential micronutrient and participates in different biological functions, as the antioxidant defense systems maintenance and regulation. However, when in high concentrations, Se may cause toxic effects as well as hematological changes in fish. The aim of the present study was to determine the toxicity of selenium in the form of sodium selenate (Na 2Se 6+O 4) in Oreochromis niloticus based on hematological parameters, after exposure to different concentrations (0.01, 0.14 and 1.4 mg Se 6+ L -1). The erythrocytic and leukocytic series were examined over 14 days at intervals of 0, 3, 5, 7,10 and 14 days. The erythrocytic series showed significant alterations in the first 7 days, including the control group. Neutrophils and monocytes showed variations in the first 3 days at a concentration of 1.40 mgSe 6+ L -1 characterizing an acute response. The total number of leukocytes was different in relation to time zero on all Se concentrations. The thrombocyte count also differed statistically from time zero and control in the first 3 days at 0.14 mgSe 6+ L -1. These results indicate that different concentrations induce an acute response with diminution of total leukocytes, neutrophilia, monocytosis and thrombocytosis.

Transaction scheduling using dynamic conflict avoidance

Software transaction memory (STM) systems have been used as an approach to improve performance, by allowing the concurrent execution of atomic blocks. However, under high-contention workloads, STM-based systems can considerably degrade performance, as transaction conflict rate increases. Contention management policies have been used as a way to select which transaction to abort when a conflict occurs. In general, contention managers are not capable of avoiding conflicts, as they can only select which transaction to abort and the moment it should restart. Since contention managers act only after a conflict is detected, it becomes harder to effectively increase transaction throughput. More proactive approaches have emerged, aiming at predicting when a transaction is likely to abort, postponing its execution. Nevertheless, most of the proposed proactive techniques are limited, as they do not replace the doomed transaction by another or, when they do, they rely on the operating system for that, having little or no control on which transaction to run. This article proposes LUTS, a lightweight user-level transaction scheduler. Unlike other techniques, LUTS provides the means for selecting another transaction to run in parallel, thus improving system throughput. We discuss LUTS design and propose a dynamic conflict-avoidance heuristic built around its scheduling capabilities. Experimental results, conducted with the STAMP and STMBench7 benchmark suites, running on TinySTM and SwissTM, show how our conflict-avoidance heuristic can effectively improve STM performance on high contention applications. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Biochemical biomarkers in Scinax fuscovarius tadpoles exposed to a commercial formulation of the pesticide fipronil

One of the main pesticides used in the cultivation of sugarcane in São Paulo State, Brazil, is Regent®800WG, the main active compound of which is fipronil. Fipronil is a potent insecticide that eliminates pests, including insects resistant to pyrethroids, organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (CA). There is little known on the toxic effects of fipronil on non-target organisms, such as tadpoles of frogs. It is possible that this compound carries a high toxicity for these organisms, since the pesticide can be incorporated into aquatic environments during the rainy season, a time which coincides with the time of amphibian reproduction and the occurrence of tadpoles in the aquatic environment in this region. Thus, the pesticide could be contributing to the decline of amphibians in the northwest region of São Paulo state due to its wide use. This study aimed to test the influence of Regent®800WG on some biochemical systems of tadpoles (such as antioxidant defense systems) at different stages of development. The results of analysis from in vivo exposures demonstrated that only a few parameters in the groups exposed to fipronil responded to exposure to Regent®800WG, results which indicate that the pesticide instigates biochemical responses in tadpoles. Although catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were unchanged during the experiments, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was inhibited in tadpoles, and the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) varied according to the exposure period and pesticide concentration. This data demonstrated the influence of the fipronil formulation on the metabolism of tadpoles, and showed that it can increase their susceptibility to environmental contaminants. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sistema WEB para gerenciamento de informações agrícolas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

A inteligência competitiva organizacional e os sistemas integrados de gestão ERP: um estudo nas indústrias calçadistas de Jaú

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Prevalência e fatores de risco de leptospirose bovina no estado do Maranhão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)