O comportamento eleitoral da nova classe trabalhadora no Rio Grande do Norte 2014: ideologia, avalia����o de governo e voto

This thesis investigates the voting behavior of the fractions of the new working class in Rio Grande do Norte, more specifically in the cities of Natal, Mossor�� and Caic��, from the presidential election of 2014. This research examined the ideology, the evaluation of government and guidance the vote of a portion of the working classes of RN voters. In Brazil, from 2003, socio-economic change has occurred perceptibly, especially in a part of the working classes who ascended socially and switched to the "C economic class." Thus, there was this period, a significant expansion of this social stratum. The expansion of the "class C" in the past decade in Brazil raised the academic debate and in the media about the emergence of a "new middle class". Neri (2008) termed the "class C" of the "new middle class" and that will be the central part of their studies. But the debate on the "new middle class" can not be simplistic to the point of considering that social mobility, the main variable income, entered this segment of the population in the middle class, because it has different specificities of the popular classes. To understand this phenomenon, the income variable was outdated, adding the importance of ownership of the means of production, control of labor power and the symbolic values in the division of social classes resulting in three fractions of the new working class: the management positions, non-heads and small fighters. In this study, using as a complement to the sociological approach (ideologies and social classes) and the performance evaluation was identified that the new working class (heads) mainly reproduced the ideological and political positioning of the middle class, resulting in the rejection of PT governments (2003-2014) and it’s social, compensatory and redistributive policies. From what has been seen, the new working class (chiefs) approaches the ideological and political behavior of the middle class that will reflect in their electoral choices and class interests. The new working class (not heads and small fighters who voted in the situation) because of its classist and ideological interests approached the Workers' Party positively evaluating the Lula-Dilma governments (2003-2014) due to the implementation of compensatory policies, and redistributive programs government turned to the popular classes. In a counterpoint, the voters of the new working class (not heads and small fighters) who voted null, reproduced the discourse of mainstream media and the middle class about the rejection of compensatory policies, redistribution and government programs of Lula-Dilma governments, and consequently they disapproved of the government Dilma and her candidacy.

Sistemas de c��lculo, an��lise e opera����o virtual: interfer��ncias de campos el��tricos e magn��ticos produzidas por esta����es radio base de acesso m��ltiplo por divis��o de c��digo em banda larga - WCDMA

In this work it was developed mathematical resolutions taking as parameter maximum intensity values for the interference analysis of electric and magnetic fields and was given two virtual computer system that supports families of CDMA and WCDMA technologies. The first family were developed computational resources to solve electric and magnetic field calculations and power densities in Radio Base stations , with the use of CDMA technology in the 800 MHz band , taking into account the permissible values referenced by the Commission International Protection on non-Ionizing Radiation . The first family is divided into two segments of calculation carried out in virtual operation. In the first segment to compute the interference field radiated by the base station with input information such as radio channel power; Gain antenna; Radio channel number; Operating frequency; Losses in the cable; Attenuation of direction; Minimum Distance; Reflections. Said computing system allows to quickly and without the need of implementing instruments for measurements, meet the following calculated values: Effective Radiated Power; Sector Power Density; Electric field in the sector; Magnetic field in the sector; Magnetic flux density; point of maximum permissible exposure of electric field and power density. The results are shown in charts for clarity of view of power density in the industry, as well as the coverage area definition. The computer module also includes folders specifications antennas, cables and towers used in cellular telephony, the following manufacturers: RFS World, Andrew, Karthein and BRASILSAT. Many are presented "links" network access "Internet" to supplement the cable specifications, antennas, etc. . In the second segment of the first family work with more variables , seeking to perform calculations quickly and safely assisting in obtaining results of radio signal loss produced by ERB . This module displays screens representing propagation systems denominated "A" and "B". By propagating "A" are obtained radio signal attenuation calculations in areas of urban models , dense urban , suburban , and rural open . In reflection calculations are present the reflection coefficients , the standing wave ratio , return loss , the reflected power ratio , as well as the loss of the signal by mismatch impedance. With the spread " B" seek radio signal losses in the survey line and not targeted , the effective area , the power density , the received power , the coverage radius , the conversion levels and the gain conversion systems radiant . The second family of virtual computing system consists of 7 modules of which 5 are geared towards the design of WCDMA and 2 technology for calculation of telephone traffic serving CDMA and WCDMA . It includes a portfolio of radiant systems used on the site. In the virtual operation of the module 1 is compute-: distance frequency reuse, channel capacity with noise and without noise, Doppler frequency, modulation rate and channel efficiency; Module 2 includes computes the cell area, thermal noise, noise power (dB), noise figure, signal to noise ratio, bit of power (dBm); with the module 3 reaches the calculation: breakpoint, processing gain (dB) loss in the space of BTS, noise power (w), chip period and frequency reuse factor. Module 4 scales effective radiated power, sectorization gain, voice activity and load effect. The module 5 performs the calculation processing gain (Hz / bps) bit time, bit energy (Ws). Module 6 deals with the telephone traffic and scales 1: traffic volume, occupancy intensity, average time of occupancy, traffic intensity, calls completed, congestion. Module 7 deals with two telephone traffic and allows calculating call completion and not completed in HMM. Tests were performed on the mobile network performance field for the calculation of data relating to: CINP , CPI , RSRP , RSRQ , EARFCN , Drop Call , Block Call , Pilot , Data Bler , RSCP , Short Call, Long Call and Data Call ; ECIO - Short Call and Long Call , Data Call Troughput . As survey were conducted surveys of electric and magnetic field in an ERB , trying to observe the degree of exposure to non-ionizing radiation they are exposed to the general public and occupational element. The results were compared to permissible values for health endorsed by the ICNIRP and the CENELEC .

Ribeira, t��cnica versus natureza: transforma����es em prol de um projeto de moderniza����o (1860-1932)

The necessity of the insertion of the capital of Rio Grande do Norte in the world-wide commercial scene and its claim as the seat of political power, in ends of nineteenth and beginning of twentieth century, determined the direction of urban interventions undertaken by government to restructure the city. In that matter, there were several actions of improvements and embellishment in Natal, which had, as a starting point, the adequacy works of the port, located in the Ribeira quarter, with the aim of ending the physical isolation that reinforced its economic stagnation. Besides the problems faced in the opening bar of the Potengi River, and would complement the required improvements, other barriers demonstrate the tension established between the physic-geographic field and the man: the flooded and slope which connected Cidade Alta and Ribeira the first two quarters of the city.The execution of these works demanded knowledge whose domain and application it was for engineering. But, how the actions done for the engineers, in sense to transform natural areas into constructed spaces made possible the intentional conformation of the quarter of the Ribeira in a commercial and politician-administrative center, in the middle of the XIX century and beginning of the XX? Understand, therefore, the employment effects of technology on the physical-geographical Ribeira, is the objective of this work that uses theoretical and methodological procedures of Urban Environmental History, by analyzing the relationship between the environment and the man, mediated by knowledge and use of technologies. The documental research was used, as primary sources, the Messages of the Provincial Assembly Government that later became the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Norte reports and articles on specialized publications, in addition to local newspapers. The work is structured in five chapters. First, some comments about Urban Environmental History (Chapter 1) supplemented with analysis of the conceptual construction of nature in the Contemporary Era and its application in the city (chapter 02), the following chapters (03 and 04) deal with the rise of engineers as a active group in the Brazilian government frameworks and their vision about the nature inside the urban environment and it is studied how the professional technicians dealt with the improvement work of the harbor and in the shock with the natural forces. Other works that would complement this "project" of modernization and had had natural obstacles to be removed the Ribeira flood and slope constitute the subject of the fifth chapter. Finally, some final considerations retake the initial discussions aiming an association between the technique and the nature as junction elements inside the process of constitution of a Modern Natal

Ribeira, t��cnica versus natureza: transforma����es em prol de um projeto de moderniza����o (1860-1932)

The necessity of the insertion of the capital of Rio Grande do Norte in the world-wide commercial scene and its claim as the seat of political power, in ends of nineteenth and beginning of twentieth century, determined the direction of urban interventions undertaken by government to restructure the city. In that matter, there were several actions of improvements and embellishment in Natal, which had, as a starting point, the adequacy works of the port, located in the Ribeira quarter, with the aim of ending the physical isolation that reinforced its economic stagnation. Besides the problems faced in the opening bar of the Potengi River, and would complement the required improvements, other barriers demonstrate the tension established between the physic-geographic field and the man: the flooded and slope which connected Cidade Alta and Ribeira the first two quarters of the city.The execution of these works demanded knowledge whose domain and application it was for engineering. But, how the actions done for the engineers, in sense to transform natural areas into constructed spaces made possible the intentional conformation of the quarter of the Ribeira in a commercial and politician-administrative center, in the middle of the XIX century and beginning of the XX? Understand, therefore, the employment effects of technology on the physical-geographical Ribeira, is the objective of this work that uses theoretical and methodological procedures of Urban Environmental History, by analyzing the relationship between the environment and the man, mediated by knowledge and use of technologies. The documental research was used, as primary sources, the Messages of the Provincial Assembly Government that later became the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Norte reports and articles on specialized publications, in addition to local newspapers. The work is structured in five chapters. First, some comments about Urban Environmental History (Chapter 1) supplemented with analysis of the conceptual construction of nature in the Contemporary Era and its application in the city (chapter 02), the following chapters (03 and 04) deal with the rise of engineers as a active group in the Brazilian government frameworks and their vision about the nature inside the urban environment and it is studied how the professional technicians dealt with the improvement work of the harbor and in the shock with the natural forces. Other works that would complement this "project" of modernization and had had natural obstacles to be removed the Ribeira flood and slope constitute the subject of the fifth chapter. Finally, some final considerations retake the initial discussions aiming an association between the technique and the nature as junction elements inside the process of constitution of a Modern Natal

O novo C��digo florestal e a regulariza����o do passivo ambiental dos im��veis rurais : o caso de Quer��ncia

Disserta����o (mestrado)—Universidade de Bras��lia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustent��vel, Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Desenvolvimento Sustent��vel, 2016.

CINTUR��O DE ��REAS PROTEGIDAS EM ROND��NIA/BRASIL: CORREDORES DE PAISAGEM PARA SALVAGUARDA DO BIOMA AMAZ��NICO

No ��mbito de um estudo mais abrangente, que procura elaborar um diagn��stico referente aos diferentes espa��os ocupados pelos agricultores familiares na regi��o central de Rond��nia, ressaltando as caracter��sticas das territorialidades e da sustentabilidade ambiental que envolvem os referidos produtores, este trabalho busca avaliar os reflexos desse modelo de ocupa����o territorial no arranjo espacial das ��reas protegidas do estado de Rond��nia. Faremos, aqui, uma primeira aproxima����o em termos de escala. Nosso foco ser��, neste primeiro momento, todo o estado de Rond��nia, tanto em termos do contexto geogr��fico, como em termos do contexto hist��rico do arranjo de suas ��reas protegidas. Rond��nia reproduz, em n��vel estadual, o macrocosmo da realidade conflituosa decorrente do avan��o da fronteira de ocupa����o brasileira na Amaz��nia. Rond��nia integra o assim chamado “Arco de fogo da Amaz��nia”, aquele cujo nome remete aos inc��ndios decorrentes da derrubada das florestas para a penetra����o humana oriunda do centro–sul do Brasil. Para frear este avan��o em dire����o �� ��rea core da floresta, algumas pol��ticas p��blicas voltadas para a cria����o de Terras Ind��genas (TI’s) e Unidades de Conserva����o (UC’s) t��m sido direcionadas no sentido de se formar um cintur��o de ��reas protegidas de modo a funcionar como barreira ao processo de desmatamento. Neste sentido, ao se observar o mapa de uso do solo do estado, nota-se um grande cintur��o de ��reas protegidas envolvendo o eixo de penetra����o humana aberto a partir da rodovia BR364. A rapidez com que as levas migrat��rias passaram a se dirigir ��quela regi��o, a partir das pol��ticas de coloniza����o dos anos 70, marcou a face mais vis��vel desse modelo predat��rio de ocupa����o. Ao mesmo tempo em que se buscavam meios para promo����o deste ass��dio econ��mico/populacional, medidas compensat��rias, como a cria����o de uma s��rie de UC’s n��o frearam o avan��o da fronteira de ocupa����o, fazendo com que o estado de Rond��nia seja hoje um dos que apresentam os dados mais preocupantes de desmatamento e de desafeta����o de UC’s estaduais. Trata-se de um processo que tem descaracterizado o modo original de vida local, mais sustent��vel em rela����o �� conserva����o do bioma amaz��nico. Acreditamos que este modo de vida original pode ser resgatado na medida em que sejam fortalecidas as ��reas protegidas existentes. Para al��m da cria����o de novas UC’s, ou a demarca����o de novas TI’s, tal prote����o pode se dar via fortalecimento das UC’s j�� existentes, nos moldes do grande programa ��reas Protegidas da Amaz��nia (ARPA)[1], ou concebendo-se uma pol��tica de zoneamento que inclua a efetiva����o da interface, poss��vel e desej��vel, entre tais UC’s, TI’s e as ��reas de Prote����o Permanentes (APP’s) e Reservas Legais (RL’s), nos moldes da proposta de macrozoneamento econ��mico-ecol��gico da Amaz��nia atualmente em discuss��o. Com rela����o ��s APP’s e RL’s, em que pese a discuss��o em curso no congresso nacional com vistas �� eventual reformula����o do C��digo Florestal, elas ser��o mais efetivas se dialogarem mais intimamente com as pr��ticas agr��colas voltadas para os sistemas agro-florestais (SAF’s) e a agroecologia, ambas mais compat��veis com a sustenta����o ecol��gica do bioma amaz��nico que o modelo de coloniza����o at�� ent��o vigente de desmatamento para abertura de pastagens e/ou grandes cultivos agr��colas. [1] O ARPA �� um programa do Governo Federal, com dura����o prevista de dez anos, para expandir, consolidar e manter uma parte do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conserva����o (SNUC) no Bioma Amaz��nia, protegendo pelo menos 50 milh��es de hectares e promovendo o desenvolvimento sustent��vel da regi��o. (http://www.mma.gov.br/port/sca/arpa)

Identifica����o de ��reas de preserva����o permanente (APPs) por meio de geotecnologias frente ��s ��reas de vinhedo no munic��pio de Monte Belo do Sul, Brasil.

A regi��o da Serra Ga��cha �� uma importante ��rea de produ����o de uvas e vinhos no sul do Brasil e busca reconhecimento atrav��s das Indica����es Geogr��ficas (IG) para vinhos finos. A preserva����o ambiental constitui um requisito importante para definir uma IG. No contexto de um projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido na Embrapa Uva e Vinho, um dos objetivos foi localizar ��reas de preserva����o permanente (APPs) de acordo com o C��digo Florestal Brasileiro, com o aux��lio de t��cnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento no intuito de identificar os vinhedos em APPs. Para isto foi utilizado o mosaico de fotografias a��reas com resolu����o espacial de 2 metros. Foi gerado o modelo digital de eleva����o da rede de drenagem, sendo as ��reas de vinhedos obtidas a partir do cadastro de vinhedos pr��-existentes do munic��pio. A partir do cruzamento das ��reas dos vinhedos com as APPs, foram identificados 31% dos vinhedos em ��rea de conflito.

Condutas vedadas legalmente: licita����es e contratos em ano eleitoral

Aborda as condutas vedadas, permitidas e de observ��ncia obrigat��ria nos processos licitat��rios. Como por exemplo, que no ��ltimo ano de mandato somente poder��o ser licitados e contratados se as despesas deles decorrentes forem saldadas at�� o final do mandato, bem como �� vedado nos ��ltimos dois quadrimestres do mandato, contrair obriga����o de despesa que n��o possa ser cumprida integralmente dentro do prazo entre outras veda����es.

Homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos sistemas educacionais: Argentina, Brasil, Chile e M��xico

This study focus on the reconfiguration of educational management in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico, which was promoted by the new logic of social regulation and the new role attributed to the State, considering each country's own historicity. So, the cultural factors that interfere on the dynamics of the 90' school reform are analyzed. Aspects that show the homogeneity or heterogeneity of these reforms in the region, as well as local specificities that block out the concretization of the reform are underlined. It is shown that the historicity that characterizes the educational reform has taken, in each country, a form that can be called, in Mexico, conservative rupture; in Chile, conservative continuity; in Brazil, conservative renovation; and, in Argentina, interrupted rupture. Some conclusions about the impact of educational reform in the selected countries are recuperated through the analysis of 186 academic texts on the subject.

Pol��ticas sociais de atendimento ��s crian��as e aos adolescentes no Brasil

This article analyses the emergence and development of social policies for children and adolescents attendance that are in line with the development process of the Brazilian social protection system, focusing on some of the main representations attributed to childhood, according to the historical and political periods. It seeks to present the notion of childhood instituted under the constitution of the Brazilian welfare state, in such a way as to place it within the broader context of the historical and political transformations that involved the emergence and consolidation of the social policies directed towards children and adolescents in Brazil in the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st.

Reflex��o sobre alguns desafios do ensino m��dio no Brasil hoje

The purpose of this article is to develop some ideas that may contribute to the debate about the secondary education in Brazil, giving emphasis to the conditions existing in the educational institutions, the ongoing educational policies and the challenges posed by the social, economic and political reality of the country. It is also discussed the political, social and economic importance of the expansion and the compulsory character of secondary education as well as the school's culture dimension, in its relationship to the so-called knowledge society. Finally, the role of secondary education for the youth and the new demands it poses for teachers are presented, among some others aspects.

Governamentalidade democr��tica e ensino de Filosofia no Brasil contempor��neo

This article takes the concepts of biopower and governmentality as the starting point for an analysis of certain recent Brazilian government documents about the introduction of Philosophy as a subject in secondary school. In the 1980s, this argument centered on Philosophy's so-called criticism and its potential for preparing citizens for a democratic society, was used by the movements aimed to restore democracy in Brazil. This argument appears to have been assimilated by the Brazilian government, because it is stated in the Guidelines and Bases of Education Law, secondary school students should demonstrate knowledge of philosophy necessary for the exercise of citizenship. The argument also appears in documents such as the PCN and PCN+ (National Curricular Parameters) and OCEM (Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary School) in their chapters on Philosophy. These documents are examined here in the light of governmentality, making explicit how Philosophy is equipped to train young people according to what is understood as a modern democratic society.

Organiza����o de pesquisa no Brasil: li����es do passado, propostas para o futuro

Chemical research in Brazil has grown significantly in the past 20 years, largely thanks to the Brazilian S&T Development Program of the federal government (PADCT). However, the newly achieved levels of highly qualified manpower and research infra-structure require new research organization frameworks to make science, technology and innovation really useful and meaningful for the citizens. The current requirements for creating viable networks of academic and industry researchers are presented and discussed as well as some structural and procedural bottlenecks that have to be eliminated, to achieve maximum high-quality science, technology and relevant innovation output.

25 anos de quimiometria no Brasil

Chemometric activities in Brazil are described according to three phases: before the existence of microcomputers in the 1970s, through the initial stages of microcomputer use in the 1980s and during the years of extensive microcomputer applications of the ´90s and into this century. Pioneering activities in both the university and industry are emphasized. Active research areas in chemometrics are cited including experimental design, pattern recognition and classification, curve resolution for complex systems and multivariate calibration. New trends in chemometrics, especially higher order methods for treating data, are emphasized.

A import��ncia das revistas Qu��mica Nova e Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society no crescimento da ��rea de qu��mica no Brasil

Quimica Nova and the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society are two examples of successful initiatives taken by the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ - Sociedade Brasileira de Qu��mica), and may serve as models for the scientific societies of developing countries. Pillars of the SBQ, these two periodicals are undeniable demonstrations that idealism, utopia and dignity are the essential ingredients for transforming dreams into reality. Few believed that the Brazilian chemical community would one day have, as it does today, two scientific research periodicals indexed in the principal international data banks.