954 resultados para Object-oriented methods


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El siguiente artículo presenta el trabajo realizado en la creación de una aplicación de software libre que representa gráficamente las rutas generadas y la distribución de los elementos transportados en el interior de un vehículo de carga.

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Aquest treball pretén donar una visió el més clara possible de com hauria de ser una pàgina web dedicada a l'intercanvi d'objectes materials, coneixements, serveis, etc. Per aconseguir-ho s'ha seguit la metodologia de la interacció humana amb ordinadors (IHO) i el disseny centrat en l'usuari (DCU), avaluant al mateix temps la usabilitat i accessibilitat.

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This paper introduces how artificial intelligence technologies can be integrated into a known computer aided control system design (CACSD) framework, Matlab/Simulink, using an object oriented approach. The aim is to build a framework to aid supervisory systems analysis, design and implementation. The idea is to take advantage of an existing CACSD framework, Matlab/Simulink, so that engineers can proceed: first to design a control system, and then to design a straightforward supervisory system of the control system in the same framework. Thus, expert systems and qualitative reasoning tools are incorporated into this popular CACSD framework to develop a computer aided supervisory system design (CASSD) framework. Object-variables an introduced into Matlab/Simulink for sharing information between tools

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L'objectiu principal d'aquest projecte ha estat aprofundir en la construcció de programari, abordant totes les etapes d'un projecte de construcció de programari des de la perspectiva de l'enginyeria del software (anàlisi, disseny, implementació i proves) i utilitzant el paradigma de programació Orientada a l'Objecte mitjançant l'ús de la tecnologia J2EE, conjuntament amb bastions de programari de gran importància en el mon real i per tant, en l'àmbit de desenvolupament de programari i tecnològic actuals.

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Almost 30 years ago, Bayesian networks (BNs) were developed in the field of artificial intelligence as a framework that should assist researchers and practitioners in applying the theory of probability to inference problems of more substantive size and, thus, to more realistic and practical problems. Since the late 1980s, Bayesian networks have also attracted researchers in forensic science and this tendency has considerably intensified throughout the last decade. This review article provides an overview of the scientific literature that describes research on Bayesian networks as a tool that can be used to study, develop and implement probabilistic procedures for evaluating the probative value of particular items of scientific evidence in forensic science. Primary attention is drawn here to evaluative issues that pertain to forensic DNA profiling evidence because this is one of the main categories of evidence whose assessment has been studied through Bayesian networks. The scope of topics is large and includes almost any aspect that relates to forensic DNA profiling. Typical examples are inference of source (or, 'criminal identification'), relatedness testing, database searching and special trace evidence evaluation (such as mixed DNA stains or stains with low quantities of DNA). The perspective of the review presented here is not exclusively restricted to DNA evidence, but also includes relevant references and discussion on both, the concept of Bayesian networks as well as its general usage in legal sciences as one among several different graphical approaches to evidence evaluation.

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En aquest projecte es vol implementar una llibreria en Java, que proporcioni leseines necessàries per a crear diagrames i esquemes. Es vol proporcionar a la llibreria unconjunt d’objectes bàsics, també mètodes i funcionalitats suficients per a gestionaraquests objectes. Per altra part, es vol implementar una aplicació per a dissenyar diagrames Entitat-Relació que utilitzi aquesta llibreria

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Creació d'un sistema per al control d'una línia de producció des del punt de vista de l'enginyeria del programari.

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This paper discusses the analysis of cases in which the inclusion or exclusion of a particular suspect, as a possible contributor to a DNA mixture, depends on the value of a variable (the number of contributors) that cannot be determined with certainty. It offers alternative ways to deal with such cases, including sensitivity analysis and object-oriented Bayesian networks, that separate uncertainty about the inclusion of the suspect from uncertainty about other variables. The paper presents a case study in which the value of DNA evidence varies radically depending on the number of contributors to a DNA mixture: if there are two contributors, the suspect is excluded; if there are three or more, the suspect is included; but the number of contributors cannot be determined with certainty. It shows how an object-oriented Bayesian network can accommodate and integrate varying perspectives on the unknown variable and how it can reduce the potential for bias by directing attention to relevant considerations and distinguishing different sources of uncertainty. It also discusses the challenge of presenting such evidence to lay audiences.

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Animal dispersal in a fragmented landscape depends on the complex interaction between landscape structure and animal behavior. To better understand how individuals disperse, it is important to explicitly represent the properties of organisms and the landscape in which they move. A common approach to modelling dispersal includes representing the landscape as a grid of equal sized cells and then simulating individual movement as a correlated random walk. This approach uses a priori scale of resolution, which limits the representation of all landscape features and how different dispersal abilities are modelled. We develop a vector-based landscape model coupled with an object-oriented model for animal dispersal. In this spatially explicit dispersal model, landscape features are defined based on their geographic and thematic properties and dispersal is modelled through consideration of an organism's behavior, movement rules and searching strategies (such as visual cues). We present the model's underlying concepts, its ability to adequately represent landscape features and provide simulation of dispersal according to different dispersal abilities. We demonstrate the potential of the model by simulating two virtual species in a real Swiss landscape. This illustrates the model's ability to simulate complex dispersal processes and provides information about dispersal such as colonization probability and spatial distribution of the organism's path

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Forensic scientists face increasingly complex inference problems for evaluating likelihood ratios (LRs) for an appropriate pair of propositions. Up to now, scientists and statisticians have derived LR formulae using an algebraic approach. However, this approach reaches its limits when addressing cases with an increasing number of variables and dependence relationships between these variables. In this study, we suggest using a graphical approach, based on the construction of Bayesian networks (BNs). We first construct a BN that captures the problem, and then deduce the expression for calculating the LR from this model to compare it with existing LR formulae. We illustrate this idea by applying it to the evaluation of an activity level LR in the context of the two-trace transfer problem. Our approach allows us to relax assumptions made in previous LR developments, produce a new LR formula for the two-trace transfer problem and generalize this scenario to n traces.

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Lappeenrannan teknillinen yliopiston Tietotekniikan osaston Tietojenkäsittelytieteen laitoksen tutkimuskäytössä olevaan liikkuvaan robottiin toteutettiin tässä työssä graafinen kaukokäyttöliittymä. Työlle on motivaationa laajennettavuus, jota olemassaoleva suljetun lähdekoodin käyttöliittymä ei pysty tarjoamaan. Työssä olennaisin on olio-ohjelmointitekniikalla toteutettu robotin datamallin, ja sen graafisen esityksen arkkitehtuurillinen erottaminen. Lisäksi tarkastellaan lyhyesti liikkuvien robottien kaukokäyttöliittymien teoriaa, ja WLAN-tekniikan soveltuvuutta robotin ja käyttöliittymän välisen yhteyden toteuttamiseen.

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Ohjelmistojen uudelleenkäyttö on hyvin tärkeä käsite ohjelmistotekniikan alueella.Ohjelmistojen uudelleenkäyttötekniikat parantavat ohjelmistokehitysprosessin laatua. Yleisiä ratkaisuja sekä ohjelmiston suunnittelun että arkkitehtuurin uudelleenkäyttöön ovat olio-ohjelmointi ja sovelluskehykset. Tähän asti ei ole ollut olemassa yleisiä tapoja sovelluskehysten erikoistamiseen. Monet nykyääntunnetuista sovelluskehyksistä ovat hyvin suuria ja mutkikkaita. Tällaisten sovelluskehyksien käyttö on monimutkaista myös kokeneille ohjelmoijille. Hyvin dokumentoidut uudelleenkäytettävät sovelluskehyksen rajapinnat parantavat kehyksen käytettävyyttä ja tehostavat myös erikoistamisprosessiakin sovelluskehyksen käyttäjille. Sovelluskehyseditori (framework editor, JavaFrames) on prototyyppityökalu, jota voidaan käyttää yksinkertaistamaan sovelluskehyksen käyttöä. Perusajatus JavaFrames lähestymistavassa ovat erikoistamismallit, joita käytetään kuvamaan sovelluskehyksen uudelleenkäytettäviä rajapintoja. Näihin malleihin perustuen JavaFrames tarjoaa automaattisen lähdekoodi generaattorin, dokumentoinninja arkkitehtuurisääntöjen tarkistuksen. Tämä opinnäyte koskee graafisen mallieditorin kehittämistä JavaFrames ympäristöön. Työssä on laadittu työkalu,jonka avulla voidaan esittää graafisesti erikoistamismalli. Editori sallii uusien mallien luomisen, vanhojen käyttämättä olevien poistamisen, kuten myös yhteyksien lisäämisen mallien välille. Tällainen graafinen tuki JavaFrames ympäristöönvoi huomattavasti yksinkertaistaa sen käyttöä ja tehdä sovellusten kehittämisprosessista joustavamman.

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Diplomityön tavoitteena oli tutkia, miten uusi arkkitehtuurialusta soveltuu erään teolli-suusyrityksen tietojärjestelmien kehittämiseen ja sovellusten toteuttamiseen. Työssä keskeisin käsite oli ohjelmistoarkkitehtuuri ja siihen liittyvät suunnittelumallit sekä komponentit, jotka hyvin suunniteltuina toimivat perustana nopeammalle sovelluskehi-tykselle. Tutkimusmetodina käytettiin konstruktiivista (suunnittelutieteellistä) tutkimusmetodia. Sen vahvat ominaisuudet tukevat tutkimusaiheen innovatiivisuutta sekä soveltavan tie-teen käyttöä uuden tiedon tuottamiseksi. Heikkoutena voinee pitää tulosten analysoinnin vaikeutta, sillä evaluointi tapahtuu käytännöstä saatujen kokemusten perusteella. Työn tuloksena saatiin lisätietämystä komponenttiensuunnitteluun ja toteutukseen liit-tyvissä kysymyksissä. Lisäksi sovelluspalvelimelle luotiin joukko komponentteja, joita tullaan käyttämään jatkossa tietokantasovelluksissa: uusien komponenttien suunnittelua jatketaan ja järjestelmien suunnittelua muutetaan oliopohjaiseksi.

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This thesis is about detection of local image features. The research topic belongs to the wider area of object detection, which is a machine vision and pattern recognition problem where an object must be detected (located) in an image. State-of-the-art object detection methods often divide the problem into separate interest point detection and local image description steps, but in this thesis a different technique is used, leading to higher quality image features which enable more precise localization. Instead of using interest point detection the landmark positions are marked manually. Therefore, the quality of the image features is not limited by the interest point detection phase and the learning of image features is simplified. The approach combines both interest point detection and local description into one phase for detection. Computational efficiency of the descriptor is therefore important, leaving out many of the commonly used descriptors as unsuitably heavy. Multiresolution Gabor features has been the main descriptor in this thesis and improving their efficiency is a significant part. Actual image features are formed from descriptors by using a classifierwhich can then recognize similar looking patches in new images. The main classifier is based on Gaussian mixture models. Classifiers are used in one-class classifier configuration where there are only positive training samples without explicit background class. The local image feature detection method has been tested with two freely available face detection databases and a proprietary license plate database. The localization performance was very good in these experiments. Other applications applying the same under-lying techniques are also presented, including object categorization and fault detection.

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L'objectiu d'aquest projecte és traspassar totes les característiques que tenia fins ara el projecte de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona en programació estructurada en PHP a programació orientada a l'objecte també en PHP, mantenint les funcionalitats i l'aspecte de la web, però millorant el reaprofitament de codi i facilitant la tasca de fer nous formularis.