Estrategias discursivas para la construcción colaborativa del conocimiento en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje

El objetivo del presente trabajo es tratar de identificar algunas estrategias discursivas que puedan asociarse de manera específica a y al mismo tiempo, configurar las diversas fases de construcción colaborativa del conocimiento desarrolladas por grupos de estudiantes universitarios que resuelven tareas de elaboración conjunta de productos escritos en un entorno de aprendizaje mediado por ordenador. Para ello, se ha realizado un estudio de casos en situación natural, en dos situaciones o contextos instruccionales distintos, correspondientes a sendas asignaturas del ámbito de la Psicología de la Educación. En cada situación, se han seguido tres pequeños grupos de estudiantes, y se han analizado las tareas correspondientes a dos secuencias didácticas completas y consecutivas. Como resultado, se ha podido identificar un amplio conjunto de estrategias discursivas típicas de cada una de las fases de construcción colaborativa del conocimiento consideradas. Estas estrategias remiten a formas de uso del lenguaje mediante las cuales los miembros del grupo consiguen, en cada caso, alcanzar el nivel de intersubjetividad y el grado de construcción de conocimiento compartido propio de la fase.

Texto Red

Peer-reviewed

Propuesta de un test para determinar el conocimiento conceptual de estudiantes universitarios sobre la constante de equilibrio químico y su aplicación en estudiantes españoles

This article outlines a procedure that was used to develop a written test for evaluating the conceptual knowledge of chemical equilibrium constant among university students. The concepts in the subject matter were carefully defined through propositional statements. Students' understanding of the topic was determined through interviews. These data were used to produce nine multiple choice questions. Each question was designed to identify misconceptions related to the chemical equilibrium constant. The test was evaluated by foure associate professors and was administred to a total of 196 spanish university students. This test has a Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.63 and its content validity values ranged from 3.7 to 5.

De interfaces tecnológicas e rascunhos de experiências

Discutem-se os efeitos de Internet sem fio, câmeras de vigilância, telas enormes de televisão em estações de metrô e tocadores de mp3 sobre a freqüentação dos espaços públicos, por meio da análise de alguns resultados do uso desses aparatos no cotidiano (e mesmo nas estratégias de planejamento) das cidades. Quando à experimentação do espaço arquitetônico (visível) faz-se somar uma rede (invisível) reconfiguradora de relações individuais e coletivas com os lugares, e o conceito de participação chega a uma condição limítrofe, exigindo perguntar até que ponto a materialidade da arquitetura é um componente necessário à transformação da experiência que está em curso.

O núcleo de estudos em Filosofia e Saúde da Fundação Educacional Serra dos Órgãos: interfaces na formação médica

Nos últimos anos, inúmeros problemas surgiram na área da saúde em decorrência, sobretudo, dos avanços ocorridos no campo das biotecnociências. Percebendo-se a exigüidade de espaço, no atual currículo médico, para a discussão de muitas dessas questões, alunos e professores da Fundação Educacional Serra dos Órgãos (FESO) propuseram a criação do Núcleo de Estudos em Filosofia e Saúde (NEFISA), espaço destinado a fomentar o debate, o ensino e a pesquisa sobre os assuntos que tenham sua emergência na interface da Filosofia com a Medicina e a Saúde. O escopo do presente artigo é apresentar o trabalho desenvolvido no NEFISA-FESO.

Meio ambiente e saúde no Programa PET-Saúde: interfaces na atenção básica

A degradação ambiental vem modificando nosso cenário de forma acelerada, interferindo negativamente no processo saúde-doença. É essencial discutir a temática saúde ambiental com profissionais de saúde, sendo o Programa PET-Saúde um facilitador, e as unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) um excelente cenário. Propõe-se analisar a percepção de profissionais de saúde e usuários sobre a temática em duas unidades de ESF (Botucatu/SP) e sensibilizá-los por meio de discussões teóricas e vivências. Foram entrevistados 45 profissionais e 36 usuários, sendo 21 indicados pelos agentes comunitários de saúde como tendo boa relação com o meio ambiente e 15 indicados por não apresentarem boa relação com o mesmo. Aplicou-se o referencial da metodologia qualitativa, utilizando-se o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Todos demonstraram ter consciência dos problemas ambientais e de saúde e o que poderia ser feito para melhorar a situação, mas são raras as ações realizadas nas unidades. Reforça-se a necessidade de capacitar equipes em Saúde Ambiental, estimulando a adoção de práticas transdisciplinares que superem as práticas assistencialistas e caminhem no sentido da promoção, além de empoderar a população para lutar e ser responsável por um meio ambiente mais equilibrado, melhorando a qualidade de vida.

Research and development of III-V semiconductor surfaces for improved device interfaces

This thesis is devoted to understanding and improving technologically important III-V compound semiconductor (e.g. GaAs, InAs, and InSb) surfaces and interfaces for devices. The surfaces and interfaces of crystalline III-V materials have a crucial role in the operation of field-effect-transistors (FET) and highefficiency solar-cells, for instance. However, the surfaces are also the most defective part of the semiconductor material and it is essential to decrease the amount of harmful surface or interface defects for the next-generation III-V semiconductor device applications. Any improvement in the crystal ordering at the semiconductor surface reduces the amount of defects and increases the material homogeneity. This is becoming more and more important when the semiconductor device structures decrease to atomic-scale dimensions. Toward that target, the effects of different adsorbates (i.e., Sn, In, and O) on the III-V surface structures and properties have been investigated in this work. Furthermore, novel thin-films have been synthesized, which show beneficial properties regarding the passivation of the reactive III-V surfaces. The work comprises ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) environment for the controlled fabrication of atomically ordered III-V(100) surfaces. The surface sensitive experimental methods [low energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS), and synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SRPES)] and computational density-functionaltheory (DFT) calculations are utilized for elucidating the atomic and electronic properties of the crucial III-V surfaces. The basic research results are also transferred to actual device tests by fabricating metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors and utilizing the interface sensitive measurement techniques [capacitance voltage (CV) profiling, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy] for the characterization. This part of the thesis includes the instrumentation of home-made UHV-compatible atomic-layer-deposition (ALD) reactor for growing good quality insulator layers. The results of this thesis elucidate the atomic structures of technologically promising Sn- and In-stabilized III-V compound semiconductor surfaces. It is shown that the Sn adsorbate induces an atomic structure with (1×2)/(1×4) surface symmetry which is characterized by Sn-group III dimers. Furthermore, the stability of peculiar ζa structure is demonstrated for the GaAs(100)-In surface. The beneficial effects of these surface structures regarding the crucial III-V oxide interface are demonstrated. Namely, it is found that it is possible to passivate the III-V surface by a careful atomic-scale engineering of the III-V surface prior to the gate-dielectric deposition. The thin (1×2)/(1×4)-Sn layer is found to catalyze the removal of harmful amorphous III-V oxides. Also, novel crystalline III-V-oxide structures are synthesized and it is shown that these structures improve the device characteristics. The finding of crystalline oxide structures is exploited by solving the atomic structure of InSb(100)(1×2) and elucidating the electronic structure of oxidized InSb(100) for the first time.

A SOA-based Framework for Multi-Devices and Multi-Platform User Interfaces

This thesis reports investigations on applying the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) approach in the engineering of multi-platform and multi-devices user interfaces. This study has three goals: (1) analyze the present frameworks for developing multi-platform and multi-devices applications, (2) extend the principles of SOA for implementing a multi-platform and multi-devices architectural framework (SOA-MDUI), (3) applying and validating the proposed framework in the context of a specific application. One of the problems addressed in this ongoing research is the large amount of combinations for possible implementations of applications on different types of devices. Usually it is necessary to take into account the operating system (OS), user interface (UI) including the appearance, programming language (PL) and architectural style (AS). Our proposed approach extended the principles of SOA using patterns-oriented design and model-driven engineering approaches. Synthesizing the present work done in these domains, this research built and tested an engineering framework linking Model-driven Architecture (MDA) and SOA approaches to developing of UI. This study advances general understanding of engineering, deploying and managing multi-platform and multi-devices user interfaces as a service.

Adopting the Vaadin Java framework to rebuild VTT’s Web Interfaces and Database Applications

With the growth in new technologies, using online tools have become an everyday lifestyle. It has a greater impact on researchers as the data obtained from various experiments needs to be analyzed and knowledge of programming has become mandatory even for pure biologists. Hence, VTT came up with a new tool, R Executables (REX) which is a web application designed to provide a graphical interface for biological data functions like Image analysis, Gene expression data analysis, plotting, disease and control studies etc., which employs R functions to provide results. REX provides a user interactive application for the biologists to directly enter the values and run the required analysis with a single click. The program processes the given data in the background and prints results rapidly. Due to growth of data and load on server, the interface has gained problems concerning time consumption, poor GUI, data storage issues, security, minimal user interactive experience and crashes with large amount of data. This thesis handles the methods by which these problems were resolved and made REX a better application for the future. The old REX was developed using Python Django and now, a new programming language, Vaadin has been implemented. Vaadin is a Java framework for developing web applications and the programming language is extremely similar to Java with new rich components. Vaadin provides better security, better speed, good and interactive interface. In this thesis, subset functionalities of REX was selected which includes IST bulk plotting and image segmentation and implemented those using Vaadin. A code of 662 lines was programmed by me which included Vaadin as the front-end handler while R language was used for back-end data retrieval, computing and plotting. The application is optimized to allow further functionalities to be migrated with ease from old REX. Future development is focused on including Hight throughput screening functions along with gene expression database handling

Resultados conocimiento del cliente: Resumen ejecutivo entendimiento del cliente

Banco del conocimiento

Plan De Acción Para El Conocimiento Y Aprovechamiento Del Tlc Colombia -Estados Unidos: Un portafolio de servicios a disposición de todos los empresarios

Gestión del conocimiento

Resolución No. 67871 - SIC: Por la cual se resuelve un recurso de queja y se avoca el conocimiento de un recurso de apelación

Servicios registrales

Resolución N° 027 ¿El conocimiento de impugnaciones de las actuaciones de una entidad sin animo de lucro, le correspondea las cámaras de comercio?

Servicios registrales