Temperature fields of 355 nm HR coatings based on the interface absorption model

Temperature fields of 355 nm high-reflectance (HR) coatings were investigated based on the interface absorption model. It was found that the highest temperature in the HR coatings increased with an increase in the extinction coefficient of the interface A, B, C, Al2O3 and MgF2. The highest temperature of HR coatings that can be reached increased quickly with the increase in the extinction coefficient of interface A in particular. The temperature rises of 355 nm HR coatings at different layers and different deposition temperatures were investigated based on experiments also. The damage mechanism of 355 nm HR coatings was confirmed with temperature fields and the interface absorption model.

A posse do art. 1276 do CC como forma de aquisição da propriedade imóvel

De inegável relevância na vida humana, a posse se configura como um dos temas mais controvertidos no âmbito do Direito Civil. Em todos os seus contornos e características, incluindo sua natureza jurídica, terminologia, efeitos e classificações, observamos um debate acirrado e polêmico a seu respeito, o que demonstra o firme interesse dos estudiosos sobre a possessio através dos séculos. Ademais, compete ao aplicador do Direito compreender o fenômeno possessório a partir das premissas e valores constitucionais fundamentais, em especial o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, levando em consideração as mutações sociais e a realidade dos fatos, para que seja possível extrair do ordenamento caminhos efetivos à concretização de uma sociedade justa e solidária, a fim de erradicar a pobreza e diminuir as desigualdades sociais. Neste contexto, de forma prospectiva e adequando os conceitos civilistas à Carta da República, defendemos a aplicação do artigo 1276 do Código Civil também em benefício do ocupante qualificado de imóvel abandonado, de modo a consolidar o domínio em seu favor no mesmo triênio conferido à Administração Pública, garantindo-se então aos menos favorecidos o legítimo acesso à moradia e ao trabalho. Na medida em que o ser humano se constitui no foco de atenção, preocupação e proteção do ordenamento jurídico acreditamos que as exegeses normativas devem concretizar o disposto no artigo 1, inciso III, da Constituição da República, razão pela qual a posse de outrem exercida ininterruptamente sobre bem abandonado merece funcionar como forma de aquisição originária da propriedade imóvel privada no lapso de tempo estatuído no artigo 1276 do Código Civil.

使用CC标准开发的高保证安全信息系统

通用标准（Common Criteria）提供了衡量系统安全性的流行准则。本文主要提出通过各类保证措施，如何构建符合CC标准的高保证安全信息系统。文中首先给出了CC的评估模型、评估过程和安全保证的具体要求。然后以开发安全审计系统为例，分析了系统安全功能和保证要求的产生、审计系统的实现框架以及为达到标准要求而在系统开发过程中使用的各种保证证据和保证措施。最后，又分析了审计系统对整个系统的性能影响因素，并提出了改进办法。本文通过深入剖析通用标准中各个保证要求的内涵，为开发具有高保证要求的信息系统提供了理论指导和实现方法。

基于SAML2的单点登录服务器FAAS的设计与实现

单点登录是实现集中身份认证和数据统一管理的一种访问控制方法,它能够解决分布式系统的多重认证问题。在对单点登录以及安全断言标记语言(SAML)分析的基础上,设计和实现了基于SAML2的单点登录服务器FAAS(联邦认证授权服务器),并成功用于某上市企业ERP开发集成项目中。该设计的重点是SAML2的协议实现和FAAS的架构。

海洋红藻多管藻和松节藻的化学成分及抗氧化活性研究

海洋生物具有产生丰富多样的次生代谢产物的能力，其中红藻门松节藻科海藻卤代次生代谢产物以其结构新颖、生物活性独特引起了天然产物化学家的重视。 本论文对海洋红藻多管藻和松节藻进行了化学成分研究，综合利用各种色谱学方法 (硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、半制备高效液相色谱以及重结晶等) 和现代波谱学技术 (IR、UV、EI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-ESI-MS、CD、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC等)，共分离鉴定了100个化合物，发现25个新化合物。 从多管藻中分离鉴定38个化合物 (24个溴酚化合物)，其中7个新化合物 (均为溴酚化合物)，包括1个菲并呋喃结构溴酚 (P1), 2个二氢菲结构溴酚 (P2, P3)，1个含 5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]oxepine 结构溴酚 (P4)和3个简单溴酚 (P5, P6, P7)。P1 (urceolatin) 属首例报道的具有菲并呋喃结构的天然产物，从该种中分离的化合物P12 和 P13 可能是其生源合成的前体。P2和P3为第二例报道的具有二氢菲结构的溴酚化合物。 从松节藻中分离并鉴定了62 个化合物，其中18 个为溴酚类新化合物，44 个为已知化合物。化合物具有多变的取代基团，包括2 个脲基吡咯烷酮溴酚化合物 (R1, R2), 4 个γ-脲基丁酸溴酚化合物 (R3-R6)，5 个酰胺溴酚化合物 (R7, R8, R9, R13, R14)，1 个溴酚砜化合物 (R12), 1 个Xanthene 溴酚化合物 (R10)和5 个简单溴酚化合物 (R11, R15, R16, R17, R18)。R1、R2 是首例报道的含有脲基吡咯烷酮片段的天然产物，R10 为首次报道的溴代Xanthene 类天然产物。 对分离到的化合物进行了清除DPPH 和ABTS两种自由基活性的筛选。结果发现溴酚类天然产物具有显著的DPPH自由基清除活性，其中R3 的IC50 仅为3.3 μM, 其活性强度约为阳性对照BHT (IC50 为82.1 μM) 的24倍。另外，溴酚类天然产物对ABTS自由基有较强的清除活性，R2 的TEAC（Trolox efficency activity capacity）值为5.2 mM，约为阳性对照 (ascorbic acid, 1.02 mM) 的 5 倍。初步的构效关系研究发现，稠环分子、多羟基和邻位甲氧基等结构特点能有效增强DPPH 自由基清除活性；特殊取代基如脲基、吡咯烷酮等含有氮原子的基团，能有效增强ABTS 自由基清除活性，多羟基、溴代等结构特点也使其活性有所增强。 本研究结果丰富了海藻卤代化合物的结构类型，为多管藻和松节藻的合理利用提供了一定的科学依据。

两株海藻内生真菌次生代谢产物及其生物活性研究

海洋微生物拥有丰富多样的次生代谢途径，其中海洋生物内生真菌次生代谢产物研究日益受到天然产物化学界的重视。本论文以菌丝体生物量、发酵产物重量、抗菌与细胞毒活性、薄层色谱分析结果以及高效液相色谱分析结果等为评价依据对采自青岛沿海的13株海藻内生真菌在四种液体培养基上的静置发酵产物进行了综合评价，并从中选择了黑曲霉Aspergillus niger EN-13（分离自褐藻囊藻Colpomenia sinuosa）和杂色曲霉A. versicolor EN-7（分离自褐藻鼠尾藻Sargassum thunbergii）两株真菌进行了30升规模发酵（分别采用GPYM培养基和PDB培养）和化学成分的研究，对分离得到的大部分化合物进行了初步的生物活性筛选。 发酵提取物采用常规的硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析，凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、制备薄层层析、半制备高效液相色谱以及重结晶等分离手段，得到单体化合物。利用各种现代波谱技术(IR、UV、EI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC等)并结合化学方法从两种菌株发酵提取物中鉴定了55个化合物的结构。其中从菌株A. niger EN-13分离鉴定了31个化合物，发现9个新化合物，包括2个鞘酯类化合物（AN-1~2）、3个萘并-γ-吡喃酮类化合物（AN-3~5）、3个苯乙基取代的α-吡喃酮类化合物（AN-17, AN-19~20）和1个甾体Diels-Alder加成产物（AN-21），另有1个新的天然环二肽（AN-27）被分离鉴定；从菌株A. versicolor EN-7分离鉴定了24个化合物，发现2个新化合物，为蒽醌AV-12与AV-17，另外，从前一菌株（A. niger EN-13）中鉴定的2个新鞘酯类化合物（AN-1~2）在A. versicolor EN-7中也被再次分离到。 对大部分单体化合物进行了抗菌活性、DPPH自由基清除活性和细胞毒活性测试。结果显示新化合物AN-1、AN-5和AN-20具有弱或中等强度的抑制白色念珠菌生长的活性，AN-4、AN-5、AN-21显示了弱或中等强度的抑制黑曲霉生长的活性，AV-12、AV-17显示了弱的抑制大肠杆菌生长的活性。在DPPH自由基清除活性筛选中，AN-5显示了中等强度的活性，其EC50为109.3 mM，与阳性对照BHT相近（EC50为81.8 mM）。其它部分已知化合物在抗菌和DPPH自由基清除活性的筛选中也显示了弱或中等强度的活性。在针对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721和人肺腺癌细胞株A549的体外细胞毒活性筛选中，所测样品均未显示显著活性。

Fear learning circuitry is biased toward generalization of fear associations in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Fear conditioning is an established model for investigating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, symptom triggers may vaguely resemble the initial traumatic event, differing on a variety of sensory and affective dimensions. We extended the fear-conditioning model to assess generalization of conditioned fear on fear processing neurocircuitry in PTSD. Military veterans (n=67) consisting of PTSD (n=32) and trauma-exposed comparison (n=35) groups underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during fear conditioning to a low fear-expressing face while a neutral face was explicitly unreinforced. Stimuli that varied along a neutral-to-fearful continuum were presented before conditioning to assess baseline responses, and after conditioning to assess experience-dependent changes in neural activity. Compared with trauma-exposed controls, PTSD patients exhibited greater post-study memory distortion of the fear-conditioned stimulus toward the stimulus expressing the highest fear intensity. PTSD patients exhibited biased neural activation toward high-intensity stimuli in fusiform gyrus (P<0.02), insula (P<0.001), primary visual cortex (P<0.05), locus coeruleus (P<0.04), thalamus (P<0.01), and at the trend level in inferior frontal gyrus (P=0.07). All regions except fusiform were moderated by childhood trauma. Amygdala-calcarine (P=0.01) and amygdala-thalamus (P=0.06) functional connectivity selectively increased in PTSD patients for high-intensity stimuli after conditioning. In contrast, amygdala-ventromedial prefrontal cortex (P=0.04) connectivity selectively increased in trauma-exposed controls compared with PTSD patients for low-intensity stimuli after conditioning, representing safety learning. In summary, fear generalization in PTSD is biased toward stimuli with higher emotional intensity than the original conditioned-fear stimulus. Functional brain differences provide a putative neurobiological model for fear generalization whereby PTSD symptoms are triggered by threat cues that merely resemble the index trauma.

Hör-Spiele/Laut-Sprecher. Aspekte medialer Hörerziehung an der Schule für Geistigbehinderte

Sonderpädagogisch orientierter Unterricht thematisiert Hören auf dreierlei Weise: Innerhalb von Artikulationsförderung (Lautproduktion) geht es um die Unterscheidung, Wiederholung einzelner Phoneme oder Phonemgruppen, deren Zusammenbinden zu Wörtern, Sätzen usw. und damit um Aufbau und Stabilisierung auditiv-motorischer Regulationskreise bei der Sprachproduktion. In der Wahrnehmungsförderung geht es um Unterscheidung und Benennung von Klängen oder Geräuschen. Ansätze der Medienerziehung heben den Unterschied konservierter/vermittelter und tatsächlicher Klangereignisse hervor. In allen drei Perspektiven geht es um die Ausbildung, Verbesserung, Schulung des Hörorgans und der darauf bezogenen kognitiven und sprachlichen Leistungen. Was dabei allerdings vernachlässigt bleibt ist der ursprüngliche Weltbezug des Hörens. Denn wir hören nicht an sich, sondernd stets irgendwas. Der Klangcharakter der Welt (Schläft ein Lied in allen Dingen) ist nicht eine unverbindliche Metapher sondern korrespondiert mit unserer Fähigkeit zu hören. Nachfolgend wird deshalb vorgeschlagen, Hören als Anliegen des Sachunterrichts zu begreifen und im Rahmen einer ästhetischen Elementarerziehung zu thematisieren. Einige Unterrichtsbeispiele illustrieren, welchen Ertrag eine solche Sicht hat. Dabei soll auch deutlich werden, daß Hörerziehung kein Additivum sein kann, sondern wichtiges Glied schulischer Kommunikationsförderung. (DIPF/Orig.)

Levels of glucose and triglycerides in seminal plasma and spermatic motility in guinea pig fed with 10% more in digestible energy

The objective the study was to determine the levels of glucose and triglycerides in seminal plasma of 10 guinea pigs, which were fed for a period of 2 months with a diet containing 10% more ED. The level of glucose found in seminal plasma was 11.59 ± 0.5 mg/dL and triglyceride value was 55.95 ± 3.2 mg/dL, while the motility was 97% on average. We conclude that in guinea pigs the levels both glucose and triglycerides were increased by major level of ED in feed, but the spermatic motility was not.

Monitorización de la temperatura del pie como herramienta en la neuropatía diabética

Objteivo: Valorar si existe relación entre el aumento de temperatura en el pie y la neuropatía diabética periférica. Métodos: La muestra fueron 27 pacientes diabéticos a que se le realizó una exploración neurológica y vascular, además, haciendo uso de un termómetro infrarrojo medimos la temperatura en distintos puntos anatómicos de la planta del pie. Resultados: La temperatura es mayor los pacientes con neuropatía con una diferencia de 2,24ºC (p=0,454) en el pie derecho y 0,86ºC (p=0,589) en el pie izquierdo. Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que la automonitorización de la temperatura del pie por parte del paciente diabético podría ayudar a reducir la alta incidencia de complicaciones en el pie diabético.