O Modelo do Sistema de Esquema de Ações e Operações sobre Símbolos e Signos

The objective of this paper is to introduce a model, called the Model of the System of Schemes of Actions and Operations on Symbols and Signs (MoSSAOSS), that articulates a systemic, systematic, and synthetic view of some of the principal theoretic and experimental results obtained by Piaget and his coworkers. Here, the term model means a schematic representation of experience, the relation of whose elements can be explored by means of logic and mathematics in order to deduce properties that correspond, in a sufficiently accurate form, to direct observable empirical properties. The MoSSAOSS model is intended to reveal in an abstract and simplified form, and through explicit hypothesis and definitions, the general structure and function of the System of Schemes of Actions and Operations on Symbols and Signs. It is this system that furnishes the elements that make possible the diverse structures necessary for the knowledge of the epistemic subject, the subject of knowledge, the stages in their construction, and the attribution of significations to objects, to situations, and to the actions and operations of the subject itself.

Instability of nonminimally coupled scalar fields in the spacetime of slowly rotating compact objects

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Preserving Iron Gall Ink Objects in Collections in South and Central America and the Caribbean, Part 1: Assessing Preservation Needs of Ink-Corroded Materials

Most museums, libraries, and archives throughout the world have to deal with paper damaged by iron gall ink. For more than a decade international research has been devoted to the topic in an attempt to provide practical treatments for objects and formulate guidelines for the preservation of iron gall ink collections. A working group of conservators in South and Central America and the Caribbean have developed a program to disseminate research findings, collect data about the condition of iron gall ink collections in their countries and identify imminent training needs. The goal of this project is to combine the latest research with existing and acceptable conservation practices and share information about risk management, proper housing, examination and treatment of iron gall ink inscribed artefacts-at risk. Communications among colleagues were established to learn more about the current resources available in collections from various countries.

DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND LEARNING OBJECTS REPOSITORIES

Discusses the technological changes that affects learning organizations as well as the human, technical, legal and sustainable aspects regarding learning objects repositories creation, maintenance and use. It presents concepts of information objects and learning objects, the functional requirements needed to their storage at Learning Management Systems. The role of Metadata is reviewed concerning learning objects creation and retrieval, followed by considerations about learning object repositories models, community participation/collaborative strategies and potential derived metrics/indicators. As a result of this desktop research, it can be said that not only technical competencies are critical to any learning objects repository implementation, but it urges that an engaged community of interest be establish as a key to support a learning object repository project. On that matter, researchers are applying Activity Theory (Vygostky, Luria y Leontiev) in order to seek joint perceptions and actions involving learning objects repository users, curators and managers, perceived as critical assets to a successful proposal.

A SURVEY ON FREE OBJECTS IN DIVISION RINGS AND IN DIVISION RINGS WITH AN INVOLUTION

Let D be a division ring with center k, and let D-dagger be its multiplicative group. We investigate the existence of free groups in D-dagger, and free algebras and free group algebras in D. We also go through the case when D has an involution * and consider the existence of free symmetric and unitary pairs in D-dagger.

Physical objects on navigation channal simulation models

This paper presents the results of a simulation using physical objects. This concept integrates the physical dimensions of an entity such as length, width, and weight, with the usual process flow paradigm, recurrent in the discrete event simulation models. Based on a naval logistics system, we applied this technique in an access channel of the largest port of Latin America. This system is composed by vessel movement constrained by the access channel dimensions. Vessel length and width dictates whether it is safe or not to have one or two ships simultaneously. The success delivered by the methodology proposed was an accurate validation of the model, approximately 0.45% of deviation, when compared to real data. Additionally, the model supported the design of new terminals operations for Santos, delivering KPIs such as: canal utilization, queue time, berth utilization, and throughput capability

A study of epistemic modality in academic and popularised discourse: the case of possibility adverbs perhaps, maybe and possibly

[EN] This paper describes the use of perhaps, maybe and possibly in a cross-disciplinary corpus of academic and popularised scientific writing. It accounts for their higher frequency in popularised discourse by investigating their functions in detail. The analysis, conducted from various perspectives (syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and rhetorical), suggests that two factors are at work: the evidential basis for the epistemic assessment and the mode of discourse the marker is most closely associated with.

A contrastive analysis of epistemic modality in scientific English

[ES] This paper investigates the use of epistemic expressions in scientific English. The main aim of this research is to analyse if native speakers of English use epistemic modality in the same way than non-native speakers of English and to detect the most outstanding cognitive implications of this fact. The corpus used in this research contains 50 research papers written by native English speakers and 50 scientific papers written by Spanish researchers who use English to communicate internationally. As epistemic modals are used to indicate the possibility of some piece of knowledge, this paper focuses on epistemic modal verbs in order to detect if native speakers of English and non-native speakers of English communicate modality in the same way, or if there are differences in frequency and use. The results obtained in this analysis indicated that there are differences in the frequency of use of epistemic expressions, even if the intention of the writers is the same.

Author stance in doctoral dissertations of native and non-native speakers of English: a corpus-based study on epistemic adverbs

[EN]Our study concentrates on the epistemic adverbs used in conveying author stance in academic English. The Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis (Granger, 1996) was run to three sets of corpora comprising doctoral dissertations written by native and non-native academic authors of English. Epistemic adverbs occurring in the dissertations were identified through a computer programme and their frequencies were separately computed for each corpus. Lastly, a log-likelihood test was administered to see whether there is a statistically significant difference across the groups in concern concerning the use of these adverbs.

Experimental characterization of backscattering properties of UWB antennas in the presence of close objects

RTLS and RFID systems are becoming more and more important in several fields. When these systems meet the UWB technology, they can take advantage of each other strengths. Since nowadays a strong importance is given to the "green" technology, we chose to adopt a passive solution. In this case the backscattering modulation can be used to carry data. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the behavior of the antennas used as tags, when they are closed to dierent material objects. In particular, the antenna mode part has been deeply observed, as it is the crucial part of the signal regarding the backscatter modulation.

Detection of small buried objects: asymptotic factorization and MUSIC

In this work, we consider a simple model problem for the electromagnetic exploration of small perfectly conducting objects buried within the lower halfspace of an unbounded two–layered background medium. In possible applications, such as, e.g., humanitarian demining, the two layers would correspond to air and soil. Moving a set of electric devices parallel to the surface of ground to generate a time–harmonic field, the induced field is measured within the same devices. The goal is to retrieve information about buried scatterers from these data. In mathematical terms, we are concerned with the analysis and numerical solution of the inverse scattering problem to reconstruct the number and the positions of a collection of finitely many small perfectly conducting scatterers buried within the lower halfspace of an unbounded two–layered background medium from near field measurements of time–harmonic electromagnetic waves. For this purpose, we first study the corresponding direct scattering problem in detail and derive an asymptotic expansion of the scattered field as the size of the scatterers tends to zero. Then, we use this expansion to justify a noniterative MUSIC–type reconstruction method for the solution of the inverse scattering problem. We propose a numerical implementation of this reconstruction method and provide a series of numerical experiments.

A study of two Languages for Active Objects with Futures

In computer systems, specifically in multithread, parallel and distributed systems, a deadlock is both a very subtle problem - because difficult to pre- vent during the system coding - and a very dangerous one: a deadlocked system is easily completely stuck, with consequences ranging from simple annoyances to life-threatening circumstances, being also in between the not negligible scenario of economical losses. Then, how to avoid this problem? A lot of possible solutions has been studied, proposed and implemented. In this thesis we focus on detection of deadlocks with a static program analysis technique, i.e. an analysis per- formed without actually executing the program. To begin, we briefly present the static Deadlock Analysis Model devel- oped for coreABS−− in chapter 1, then we proceed by detailing the Class- based coreABS−− language in chapter 2. Then, in Chapter 3 we lay the foundation for further discussions by ana- lyzing the differences between coreABS−− and ASP, an untyped Object-based calculi, so as to show how it can be possible to extend the Deadlock Analysis to Object-based languages in general. In this regard, we explicit some hypotheses in chapter 4 first by present- ing a possible, unproven type system for ASP, modeled after the Deadlock Analysis Model developed for coreABS−−. Then, we conclude our discussion by presenting a simpler hypothesis, which may allow to circumvent the difficulties that arises from the definition of the ”ad-hoc” type system discussed in the aforegoing chapter.

A sampling method for detecting buried objects using electromagnetic scattering

We consider a simple (but fully three-dimensional) mathematical model for the electromagnetic exploration of buried, perfect electrically conducting objects within the soil underground. Moving an electric device parallel to the ground at constant height in order to generate a magnetic field, we measure the induced magnetic field within the device, and factor the underlying mathematics into a product of three operations which correspond to the primary excitation, some kind of reflection on the surface of the buried object(s) and the corresponding secondary excitation, respectively. Using this factorization we are able to give a justification of the so-called sampling method from inverse scattering theory for this particular set-up.