The patent nasopalatine duct: a potential cause of unclear pain in the anterior maxilla

OBJECTIVE The aim of this report is to describe symptoms that can suggest the presence of a patent nasopalatine duct and to illustrate three cases. SUMMARY Patent nasopalatine ducts connecting the oral cavity with the nasal cavity are extremely rare. This malformation can be considered a developmental abnormality. Clinically, patent nasopalatine ducts appear as single or double spherical or oval apertures lateral or posterior to the incisive papilla. This type of anatomical malformation can be associated with an unclear pain sensation in the anterior maxillary region, which may be misinterpreted for example as toothache of endodontic origin. However, persisting nasopalatine ducts can also exist as an asymptomatic abnormality with no clinical sign of discomfort. Accordingly, understanding the differential diagnosis of a possible patent nasopalatine duct can prevent a general practitioner from performing unnecessary interventions, such as endodontic treatments, apical surgeries, or tooth extractions.

THE ULTRASTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE HYPOGLOSSAL NUCLEUS IN THE RAT (SYNAPTOLOGY, CRANIAL NERVES)

An ultrastructural study of the hypoglossal nucleus (XII) in the rat has revealed two distinct neuronal populations. Hypoglossal motoneurons comprised the largest population of neurons in XII and were identified following injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the tongue. Motoneurons were large (25-50(mu)m), multipolar in shape and distributed throughout XII. The nucleus was large, round and centrally located, and the cytoplasm was characterized by dense lamellar arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, a second population of small (10-18(mu)m), round to oval shaped neurons was found restricted to the ventral and dorsolateral regions of XII. The nucleus was markedly invaginated and eccentric, the cytoplasm scant and filled with free ribosomes, and the absence of lamellar arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum was conspicuous. Neurons of this type were never found to contain HRP reaction product. These results demonstrate that the hypoglossal nucleus does not consist solely of motoneurons, but includes a distinctly separate, presumably non-motoneuronal pool. Arguments are presented in favor of this second neuron population being interneurons. The functional significance of these findings in relation to tongue control is discussed. ^

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', Spez 29 - Miniatur Heinrich Floris Schopenhauer

Auf der Rückseite von Arthur Schopenhauers Hand: "Pater meus, circa quadragesimum vitae annum.A.S.";

Eygentliche Abbildung Oder Contrafactur Gustavi Adolphi, Der Schweden, Gothen vnnd Wenden Königs, Großfürsten inn Finnland, Hertzogen zu Ehesten vnd Careln, Herr zu Ingermanland, &c.

Bibliograph. Nachweis: Paas P-1651

Alfred Kalisch, Brustbild, Profil

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F10833

Fanny Moran, {[N.N.], Doppelbildnis, Kniestück

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F10985

Marius Salomon, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11097

François Emmanuel Joseph Bazin, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11442

Hans von Bülow, Hüftbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11475

Gotthold Ditter, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11498

Carl Dittmarsch, Rollenbild, in: Vor hundert Jahren

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11499

Lilly Hafgren, Rollenbild, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11565

H. Lehmann, Kniestück

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11618

Johann Christian Hauff, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11570

Friedrich Hegar, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F11572