Eventive and stative passives and copula selection in Canadian and American heritage speaker Spanish

Spanish captures the difference between eventive and stative passives via an obligatory choice between two copula; verbal passives take the copula ser and adjectival passives take the copula estar. In this study, we compare and contrast US and Canadian heritage speakers of Spanish on their knowledge of this difference in relation to copula choice in Spanish. The backgrounds of the target groups differ significantly from each other in that only one of them, the Canadian group, has grown up in a societal multilingual environment. We discuss the results as being supportive of two non-mutually exclusive explanation factors: (a) French facilitates (bootstraps) the acquisition of eventive and stative passives and/or (b) the US/Canadian HS differences (e.g. status of bilingualism and the languages at stake) is a reflection of the uniqueness of the language contact situations and the effects this has on the input HSS receive.

The tourist's pocket book : containing useful words and simple phrases in English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, ... and Hungarian. Medical and surgical hints; cypher code for telegrams and post cards; blank forms of washing lists ... to facilitate the sayings and doings of British and American travellers /

Mode of access: Internet.

Report from Office for Spanish Speaking American Affairs.

Mode of access: Internet.

Early American turf stock, 1730-1830; being a critical study of the extant evidence for the English, Spanish and oriental horses and mares to which are traced the oldest American turf pedigrees ...

Mode of access: Internet.

The Spanish novelists: a series of tales, from the earliest period to the close of the seventeenth century.

v. 1. Don Juan Manuel. Mendoza. Mateo Aleman. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra.--v. 2. Don Francisco de Quevedo Villegas. Doctor Don Juan Perez de Montalvan. Antonio de Eslava. Donna Maria de Zayas i Soto Mayor.--v. 3. Matias de los Reyes. Don Christoval Lozano. Luis Veliz de Guavara. Isidro de Robles. Alonzo del Castillo Salorzano.

100 great battles of the rebellion; a detailed account of regiments and batteries engaged -- casualties, killed, wounded and missing, and the number of men in action in each regiment; also, all the battles of the Revolution, War of 1812-5, Mexican War, Indian battles, American-Spanish War, and naval battles. State rosters from the several northern states, giving the enrollment, number killed, wounded, died and deserted from each organization during the war,

Mode of access: Internet.

English teaching in the Southwest; organization and materials for instructing Spanish speaking children, compiled for the Committee on modern languages of the American council on education,

Lithoprinted.

American-Spanish euphemisms.

Mode of access: Internet.

Red Rupert, the American bucanier.: A tale of the Spanish Indies,

Mode of access: Internet.

Carwin, the biloquist, and other American tales and pieces.

v.1. Carwin the biloquist. Stephen Calvert.--v.2. Stephen Calvert.--v.3. Stephen Calvert. Jessica. The scribbler.

Tales of an American landlord; containing sketches of life south of the Potomac ...

Title-page of v. 1 missing.

Algic researches, comprising inquiries respecting the mental characteristics of the North American Indians. First series. Indian tales and legends.

A later edition (Philadelphia, 1856), with some additions and omissions, was published under the title: The myth of Hiawatha.

The practical cook, English and foreign : containing a great variety of old receipts, improved and re-modelled, and many original receipts in English, French, German, Russian, Spanish, Polish, Dutch, American, Swiss, and Indian cookery ; with copious directions for the choice of all provisions, the laying out a table, giving small and large dinners, and the management of a cellar /

Includes index.

Tales of the Indians; being prominent passages of the history of the North American natives. Taken from authentic sources.

The ancient Cherokees.--Cherokee wars.--The heroes of Walpole.--Memoirs of a northern trader.--Massacre of Michilimacinac.--Traits of the Tuskaroras.--Tuskarora war.--Adventures of Long.--The civilized cannibal.--Captivity of Mrs. Rowlandson.--Settlement of Kentucky.--The conspiracy of the Creeks.--Christian Indians.