Expression profiles of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor and LHCGR in sporadic adrenocortical tumors

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) and LHCGR are G-protein-coupled receptors with a wide tissue expression pattern. Aberrant expression of these receptors has rarely been demonstrated in adult sporadic adrenocortical tumors with a lack of data on pediatric tumors. We quantified the GIPR and LHCGR expression in a large cohort of 55 patients (25 children and 30 adults) with functioning and non-functioning sporadic adrenocortical tumors. Thirty-eight tumors were classified as adenomas whereas 17 were carcinomas. GIPR, and LHCGR expression were analyzed by real-time PCR and normal human pancreatic and testicular tissue samples were used as positive controls. Mean expression values were determined by fold increase in comparison with a normal adrenal pool. GIPR mRNA levels were significantly higher in adrenocortical carcinomas than in adenomas from both pediatric and adult groups. LHCGR expression was similar in both carcinomas and adenomas from the pediatric group but significantly lower in carcinomas than in adenomas from the adult group (median 0.06 and 2.3 respectively, P<0.001). GIPR was detected by immunohistochemistry in both pediatric and adult tumors. Staining and real-time PCR results correlated positively only when GIPR in RN A levels were increased at least two-fold in comparison with normal adrenal expression levels. In Conclusion, GIPR overexpression was observed in pediatric and adult adrenocortical tumors and very low levels of LHCGR expression were found in all adult adrenocortical carcinomas.

Desenvolvimento vegetativo e produção do pinhão-manso em resposta à adubação fosfatada

A deficiência de fósforo (P) é um dos principais responsáveis pela baixa produção agrícola, na maioria dos solos brasileiros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da adubação fosfatada sobre o desenvolvimento vegetativo e a produção do pinhão-manso. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda experimental da EPAMIG, em Latossolo Vermelho- Amarelo de textura argilosa, no município de Montes Claros, MG, Brasil. As mudas de pinhão-manso foram plantadas no espaçamento de 4 m x 2 m, sob irrigação. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com cinco doses de P2O5 (0 - 100 - 200 - 400 e 800 kg ha-1 ano-1), e quatro repetições. O superfosfato triplo foi utilizado como fonte de P2O5. Foram avaliados o número, o comprimento e o diâmetro de ramos, a altura de planta e o diâmetro do caule a 30 cm do solo e a produção em cada tratamento. A aplicação de fósforo não influenciou a altura das plantas, entretanto, aumentou o desenvolvimento dos ramos e do caule e elevou a produção do pinhão-manso. A máxima eficiência física da produção do pinhão-manso (798 kg ha-1 ano-1) foi obtida com aplicação de 414 kg ha-1 ano-1 de P2O5.

Bissinose no município da capital do Estado de S. Paulo, Brasil

Seguindo-se uma sistemática epidemiológica, foram estudados os trabalhadores de 3 fiações de algodão, com diferentes quantidades de poeira de algodão em suspensão na atmosfera dos locais de trabalho, comparando-se com 135 pessoas do grupo controle não exposto a essas poeiras. Pelas respostas ao questionário padrão internacional sobre doenças respiratórias, verificou-se que os trabalhadores das fábricas, onde era mais elevada a concentração de poeira de algodão, apresentavam um ou mais sintomas característicos da bissinose; por outro lado, as provas de função pulmonar, realizadas imediatamente antes e após o início do trabalho às segundas-feiras, mostravam-se alteradas. Como no grupo controle, verificou-se melhoria significativa da função pulmonar no término do dia de trabalho. E como tal fato não foi observado mesmo na fábrica onde a concentração de poeira no ar era muito baixa e onde não se notou piora das provas de função pulmonar entre seus trabalhadores, levantou-se a hipótose de que essa ausência de melhoria possa constituir um sintoma precoce da bissinose.

Mosquitos antropofílicos de atividade matutina em Mata Atlântica, Florianópolis, SC

Como os trabalhos sobre Culicidae em Santa Catarina foram restritos a anofelíneos e a Culex quinquefasciatus, pela ocorrência, no passado, de malária e de filariose, a fauna de mosquitos em áreas de mata é pouco conhecida. Assim, foi realizado um levantamento dos culicídeos que atacam o homem pela manhã em trilha situada numa unidade de conservação da Mata Atlântica na Ilha de Santa Catarina, freqüentada por estudantes e turistas. Foram coletados 358 exemplares de 22 espécies, das quais 14 são relatadas pela primeira vez no Estado. Runchomyia reversa e Ochlerotatus scapularis foram as espécies predominantes, com grande diversidade de espécies de Wyeomyia (Phoniomyia).

Fatores associados ao envolvimento do pai nos cuidados do lactente

OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores associados à falta de envolvimento ativo do pai nos cuidados de crianças aos quatro meses. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal envolvendo famílias de 153 crianças aos quatro meses de vida, entrevistadas em suas casas por dois terapeutas de famílias. Além do envolvimento do pai nos cuidados do lactente foram examinadas características sociodemográficas, saúde mental dos pais (utilizando a escala Self Report Questionnaire-20 e avaliação com os critérios do Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV) e qualidade do relacionamento conjugal (usando a escala Global Assessment of Relational Functioning do Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV). Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson para avaliar a associação entre falta de envolvimento do pai nos cuidados do filho e variáveis selecionadas. A magnitude das associações foi estimada pela razão de prevalências. RESULTADOS: Os pais de 13% dos lactentes não tinham qualquer contato com seus filhos. Entre as famílias em que os pais coabitavam (78% do total), 33% dos pais relataram não participar ativamente nos cuidados de seus filhos. Relação conjugal problemática e mãe ser "do lar" mostraram-se associadas à falta de envolvimento dos pais nos cuidados do filho. CONCLUSÕES: É alta a prevalência de famílias nas quais o pai não tem envolvimento ativo no cuidado de seu filho, ocorrendo em especial quando a relação conjugal é problemática e a mãe não tem trabalho remunerado

Cobalt complexes with pyrazole ligands as catalyst precursors for the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane: Z-ray absorption spectroscopy studies and biological applications

[CoCl(-Cl)(Hpz(Ph))(3)](2) (1) and [CoCl2(Hpz(Ph))(4)] (2) were obtained by reaction of CoCl2 with HC(pz(Ph))(3) and Hpz(Ph), respectively (Hpz(Ph)=3-phenylpyrazole). The compounds were isolated as air-stable solids and fully characterized by IR and far-IR spectroscopy, MS(ESI+/-), elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), controlled potential electrolysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical studies showed that 1 and 2 undergo single-electron irreversible (CoCoIII)-Co-II oxidations and (CoCoI)-Co-II reductions at potentials measured by CV, which also allowed, in the case of dinuclear complex 1, the detection of electronic communication between the Co centers through the chloride bridging ligands. The electrochemical behavior of models of 1 and 2 were also investigated by density functional theory (DFT) methods, which indicated that the vertical oxidation of 1 and 2 (that before structural relaxation) affects mostly the chloride and pyrazolyl ligands, whereas adiabatic oxidation (that after the geometry relaxation) and reduction are mostly metal centered. Compounds 1 and 2 and, for comparative purposes, other related scorpionate and pyrazole cobalt complexes, exhibit catalytic activity for the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone under mild conditions (room temperature, aqueous H2O2). Insitu X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies indicated that the species derived from complexes 1 and 2 during the oxidation of cyclohexane (i.e., Ox-1 and Ox-2, respectively) are analogous and contain a Co-III site. Complex 2 showed low invitro cytotoxicity toward the HCT116 colorectal carcinoma and MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Extended immersive learning environment: a hybrid remote/virtual laboratory

This paper presents a collaborative virtual learning environment, which includes technologies such as 3D virtual representations, learning and content management systems, remote experiments, and collaborative learning spaces, among others. It intends to facilitate the construction, management and sharing of knowledge among teachers and students, in a global perspective. The environment proposes the use of 3D social representations for accessing learning materials in a dynamic and interactive form, which is regarded to be closer to the physical reality experienced by teachers and students in a learning context. A first implementation of the proposed extended immersive learning environment, in the area of solid mechanics, is also described, including the access to theoretical contents and a remote experiment to determine the elastic modulus of a given object.These instructions give you basic guidelines for preparing camera-ready papers for conference proceedings. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic file of your paper will be formatted further. Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references in the abstract.

Reconfigurable weblabs based on the IEEE1451 Std

Technology plays a double role in Education: it can act as a facilitator in the teaching/learning process and it can be the very subject of that process in Science & Engineering courses. This is especially true when students perform laboratory activities where they interact with equipment and objects under experimentation. In this context, technology can also play a facilitator role if it allows students to perform experiments in a remote fashion, through the Internet, in a so-called weblab or remote laboratory. No doubt, the Internet has been revolutionizing the educational process in many aspects, and it can be stated that remote laboratories are just an angle of that on-going revolution. As any other educational tool or resource, the i) pedagogical approach and the ii) technology used in the development of a remote laboratory can dictate its general success or its ephemeral existence. By pedagogical approach we consider the way remote experiments address the process by which students acquire experimental skills and link experimental results to theoretical concepts. In respect to technology, we discuss different specification and implementation alternatives, to show the case where the adoption of a family of standards would positively contribute to a larger acceptance and utilization of remote laboratories, and also to a wider collaboration in their development.

A remote engineering solution for automating a roller hearth kiln

Remote engineering (also known as online engineering) may be defined as a combination of control engineering and telematics. In this area, specific activities require computacional skills in order to develop projects where electrical devives are monitored and / or controlled, in an intercative way, through a distributed network (e.g. Intranet or Internet). In our specific case, we will be dealing with an industrial plant. Within the last few years, there has been an increase in the number of activities related to remote engineering, which may be connected to the phenomenon of the large extension experienced by the Internet (e.g. bandwith, number of users, development tools, etc.). This increase opens new and future possibilities to the implementation of advance teleworking (or e-working) positions. In this paper we present the architecture for a remote application, accessible through the Internet, able to monitor and control a roller hearth kiln, used in a ceramics industry for firing materials. The proposed architecture is based on a micro web server, whose main function is to monitor and control the firing process, by reading the data from a series of temperature sensors and by controlling a series of electronic valves and servo motors. This solution is also intended to be a low-cost alternative to other potential solutions. The temperature readings are obtained through K-type thermopairs and the gas flow is controlled through electrovalves. As the firing process should not be stopped before its complete end, the system is equipped with a safety device for that specific purpose. For better understanding the system to be automated and its operation we decided to develop a scale model (100:1) and experiment on it the devised solution, based on a Micro Web Server.

A smart layer for remote laboratories

Commonly, when a weblab is developed to support remote experiments in sciences and engineering courses, a particular hardware/software architecture is implemented. However, the existence of several technological solutions to implement those architectures difficults the emergence of a standard, both at hardware and software levels. While particular solutions are adopted assuming that only qualified people may implement a weblab, the control of the physical space and the power consumption are often forgotten. Since controlling these two previous aspects may increase the quality of the weblab hosting the remote experiments, this paper proposes the useof a new layer implemented by a domotic system bus with several devices (e.g. lights, power sockets, temperature sensors, and others) able to be controlled through the Internet. We also provide a brief proof-of-concept in the form of a weblab equipped with a simple domotic system usually implemented in smart houses. The added value to the remote experiment hosted at the weblab is also identified in terms of power savings and environment conditions.

WebLabs in education

Remote Labs are an emergent educational resource in Engineering, which addresses the remote delivery of practical contents, i. e. remote experiments, through the web. This resource may either be used as a support for e-learning courses in Engineering or Science, in the cases where on-campus lab work is not possible, or as a complement to face-to-face lab classes, allowing the students to repeat a given experiment on a remote fashion, without time restrictions.

Experimenting through the web a linear variable differential transformer

Aiming for teaching/learning support in sciences and engineering areas, the Remote Experimentation concept (an E-learning subset) has grown in last years with the development of several infrastructures that enable doing practical experiments from anywhere and anytime, using a simple PC connected to the Internet. Nevertheless, given its valuable contribution to the teaching/learning process, the development of more infrastructures should continue, in order to make available more solutions able to improve courseware contents and motivate students for learning. The work presented in this paper contributes for that purpose, in the specific area of industrial automation. After a brief introduction to the Remote Experimentation concept, we describe a remote accessible lab infrastructure that enables users to conduct real experiments with an important and widely used transducer in industrial automation, named Linear Variable Differential Transformer.