Toxicity of Gramoxone super(R) and detergent to nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) L. fingerlings

Acute toxicity tests on the effects of Gramoxone and detergent (both applied as a single dose) to nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fingerlings (mean weight 2.7~c1 g) were conducted using static bioassay. The 96-h LC sub(50) of Gramoxone and detergent applied were 0.08ml/l and 0.004 g/l, respectively. The fingerlings showed increased hyperactivities exemplified by erratic movement, loss of reflex, and hyperventilation during the period of exposure. These effects increased with increasing concentrations of Gramoxone or detergent throughout the duration of exposure. Tilapia fingerlings of the same size showed different levels of tolerance to the same concentration of both pollutants

Extensiones multimedia Intel

Desde que se inventó el primer ordenador, uno de los objetivos ha sido que el ordenador fuese capaz de ejecutar más y más rápido, para poder así solucionar problemas más complejos. La primera solución fue aumentar la potencia de los procesadores, pero las limitaciones físicas impuestas por la velocidad de los componentes electrónicos han obligado a buscar otras formas de mejorar el rendimiento. Desde entonces, ha habido muchos tipos de tecnologías para aumentar el rendimiento como los multiprocesadores, las arquitecturas MIMD… pero nosotros analizaremos la arquitectura SIMD. Este tipo de procesadores fue muy usado en los supercomputadores de los años 80 y 90, pero el progreso de los microprocesadores hizo que esta tecnología quedara en un segundo plano. Hoy en día la todos los procesadores tienen arquitecturas que implementan las instrucciones SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data). En este documento estudiaremos las tecnologías de SIMD de Intel SSE, AVX y AVX2 para ver si realmente usando el procesador vectorial con las instrucciones SIMD, se obtiene alguna mejora de rendimiento. Hay que tener en cuenta que AVX solo está disponible desde 2011 y AVX2 no ha estado disponible hasta el 2013, por lo tanto estaremos trabajando con nuevas tecnologías. Además este tipo de tecnologías tiene el futuro asegurado, al anunciar Intel su nueva tecnología, AVX- 512 para 2015.

Super-resolution with annular binary phase filter in the 4Pi-confocal system

In order to realize super-resolution in the 4Pi-confocal systems, the annular binary pure phase filter is designed with the vector diffraction theory. The relations between the super-resolved parameters, such as S, G(T), G(A), and the radial position theta(i) of each zone, are obtained. For simple illumination of the design procedure, three-zone binary pure phase filters are studied, and several numerical simulation results show that in the 4Pi-confocal system with the properly designed binary pure phase filter the super-resolution can be realized with low sidelobes.

Pure-phase plates for super-Gaussian focal-plane irradiance profile generations of extremely high order

A set of recursive formulas for diffractive optical plates design is described. The pure-phase plates simulated by this method homogeneously concentrate more than 96% of the incident laser energy in the desired focal-plane region. The intensity focal-plane profile fits a lath-order super-Gaussian function and has a nearly perfect flat top. Its fit to the required profile measured in the mean square error is 3.576 x 10(-3). (C) 1996 Optical Society of America

Kazetaritza elektroniko multimedia

Komunikabide elektronikoak, multimedia eta elkarreragileak, errealitate bihurtu dira duela zenbait urte. 1993-1994tik orain arte milaka komunikabide,aldizkari, irrati edo telebisten bertsio birtual asko eta, era berean,zibergunerako berariaz pentsatutako informazio-bide berriak Internet sarean atzitu ahal dira. Bizitza laburra badu ere, kazetaritza elektronikoak komunikabide berriez hitz egitea ahalbidetzen duten joera batzuk agertu ditu dagoeneko. Modulu honen bitartez komunikabide elektronikok garatzen ari diren ezaugarrien eta kazetaritza elektronikoari aplikatu ahal zaizkion eta aplikatzen zaizkion ikerketa-eremu akademikoen berri jakinarazi nahi da soil-soilik; horrez gainera, erreferentzia bibliografiko batzuk (bai fisikoak, liburu eta artikulu inprimatuak, bai birtualak, helbide elektronikoak, informazioa aurkitzeko) emango dira, gaia interesatzen zaienei laguntzeko asmoarekin. Azken batean, ziberguneko kazetaritzaren barrura sartzeko balio digun “aferaren egoera” hutsaz ari gara.

Periodismo electrónico multimedia

El Campus Virtual ha publicado en formato CD-ROM, a través del Servicio Editorial de la UPV/EHU, los textos correspondientes a las materias del primer cuatrimestre del "Curso Periodismo Digital por Internet" (curso 2000/2001).

Novel approach to super-resolution pits readout

We proposed a novel method to realize the readout of super-resolution pits by using a super-resolution reflective film to replace the reflective layer of the conventional ROM. At the same time, by using Sb as the super-resolution reflective layer and SiN as a dielectric layer, the super-resolution pits with diameters of 380 nm were read out by a setup whose laser wavelength is 632.8 nm and numerical aperture is 0.40. In addition, the influence of the Sb thin film thickness on the readout signal was investigated, the results showed that the optimum Sb thin film thickness is 28 to 30 nm, and the maximum CNR is 38 to 40 dB. (C) 2002 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

Read-only memory disk with AgOx super-resolution mask layer

A novel read-only memory (ROM) disk with an AgOx mask layer was proposed and studied in this letter. The AgOx films sputtered on the premastered substrates, with pits depth of 50 nm and pits length of 380 nm, were studied by an atomic force microscopy. The transmittances of these AgOx films were also measured by a spectrophotometer. Disk measurement was carried out by a dynamic setup with a laser wavelength of 632.8 nm and a lens numerical aperture (NA) of 0.40. The readout resolution limit of this setup was λ/(4NA) (400 nm). Results showed that the super-resolution readout happened only when the oxygen flow ratios were at suitable values for these disks. The best super-resolution performance was achieved at the oxygen flow ratio of 0.5 with the smoothest film surface. The super-resolution readout mechanism of these ROM disks was analyzed as well.

Optical recording properties of metal-azo dye as recording medium with super-resolution near-field structure

A novel metallized azo dye has been synthesized. The absorption spectra of the thin film and thermal characteristic are measured. Static optical recording properties with and without the Bi mask layer super-resolution near-field structure (Super-RENS) of the metal-azo dye are investigated. The results show that the metal-azo dye film has a broad absorbance band in the region of 450-650 nm and the maximum absorbance wavelength is located at 603 nm. It is also found that the new metallized azo dye occupies excellent thermal stability, initiatory decomposition temperature is at 270 degrees C and the mass loss is about 48% in a narrow temperature region (15 degrees C). The complex refractive index N (N = n + ik) is measured. High refractive index (n = 2.45) and low extinction coefficient (k = 0.2) at the recording wavelength 650nm are attained. Static optical recording tests with and without Super-RENS are carried out using a 650nm semiconductor diode laser with recording power of 7mW and laser pulse duration of 200ns. The AFM images show that the diameter of recording mark on the dye film with the Bi mask layer is reduced about 42%, compared to that of recorded mark on the dye film without Super-RENS. It is indicated that Bi can well performed as a mask layer of the dye recording layer and the metallized azo dye can be a promising candidate for recording media with the super-resolution near-field structure.

Super-resolution with a nonlinear thin film: Beam reshaping via internal multi-interference

In laser applications, the size of the focus spot can be reduced beyond the diffraction limit with a thin film of strong nonlinear optical Kerr effect. We present a concise theoretical simulation of the device. The origin of the super-resolution is found to be mainly from the reshaping effect due to the strongly nonlinear refraction mediated multi-interference inside the thin film. In addition, both diffraction and self-focusing effects have been explored and found negligible for highly refractive and ultrathin films in comparison with the reshaping effect. Finally, the theoretic model has been verified in experiments with single Ge2Sb2Te5 film and SiN/Si/SiN/Ge2Sb2Te2 multilayer structures. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.