Analise dos esforços de laminação no dimensionamento de um laminador de bancada

The industry produces rolled, starting to and passing through casting forming processes, for example, in the case in question the rolling. A large portion of rolled products are flat, these have specific characteristics during their production and properties after finished that must be analyzed. For this a study of these properties must be made in materials samples, in order to be able to first know the material in question or provide new properties to the material through the process of rolling flat products. In this way is interesting that the students of mechanical engineering have knowledge of rolling trials, and from this can better understand the behavior of rolled. With this purpose the project of a benchtop rolling mill for the rolling of flat is needed, this work is the project of a sizing of one rolling mill non-ferrous materials

Estudo da fluência dos aços inoxidáveis ferríticos estabilizados ao titânio e nióbio e simulação numérica do processo no abaqus

The purpose of this research was tested a finite element model (FEM) that represented the creep of a slab during the reheating process of hot rolling. The aim is to prevent creep phenomenon changing the reheating profile with hot tensile test in Gleeble 3500, and, also, understand the former defect crisis. The goal of this work is to have a predictive tool to optimize the reheating process changing parameters (length and thickness). Then, use input parameters obtained from the tests to approximate the solution of the problem aided by Abaqus CAE. The results have showed that the ferritic stainless steel AISI 409 has a lower sensitivity to creep comparing to the stainless steel AISI 409, AISI 430Ti, AISI 441 and AISI 444

Estudo de caso: formulação de custo de um produto de usinagem em uma pequena empresa

Many variables are indirectly involved in the transformation of raw material into a metallurgical industry, such as machine hours, hours of hand labor directly and / or indirect, setup time, etc. This research focuses on the complexity of formulating the cost of metallurgical products, based on a case study, in which one has incurred a large loss on the sale of a product called Punch. The main objective of this work is to define the variables of the cost of members and other metallurgical products, so simplified general, checking what were the failures costing the case studied, in order to help others. The method of formulating cost was determined as recommended by SEBRAE guidance for small businesses. The results showed a loss R$ 13.201,00 in the batch of 15 units of punch. Possible improvements have been identified for reducing the production cost

Fabricação de rodas: uma análise comparativa

In our country, the majority of freight and people by road happens municipal, state and federal. Thus, the heavy vehicles like buses and trucks are the main means of transporting people and cargo. This graduate work aims to study the process of manufacturing wheels for trucks, because we can see the lack of literature on the manufacturing process of wheels and also the importance of the processes used to manufacture wheels, such as lamination, stamping, puckering, machining, welding and painting

Melhorias na linha de planificadora contínua com o uso de transporte por sucção e enrolador de refiles

With the market more and more disputed and negotiations where the customer is the main factor who decides whether the companies have conditions or not to dispute the market, industries must search improvements in products and processes targeting lower costs and better quality. With that in mind, this work will study the actual situation of a line of Tension Leveler, after cold mill process, for aluminum coil, and search new technologies, precisely the Scrap Baller machine, which will raise the quality level and the line’s productivity. It will be analyzed the justifications (reasons) for these new technologies, the history, the involved concepts, the operation, functions, the material that will be tension leveled, the limitations and tech and economic viability in comparison with the actual system. Also it will be taken a brief about the aluminum coil production in Brazil, especially the ones which destiny is aluminum beverage can, and the recycling process, that is very well done in Brazil, worldwide leader in aluminum recycling

Caracterização do defeito tipo trinca de laminação, ocorrido no processo de laminação de barras de aço

The mechanical forming processes are the main means of transformation. Among all processes, the most used is rolling and broken down into flat and non-flat products. In the flat products are classified plates, and products no plans bars and profiles. Thus laminating products, mostly, are the raw materials for other processes of transformation, as stamping, forging, machining, bending and more. This work has focused on non-flat products, classified as bars and rods, watching a key point in the proceedings that is the product quality. Here is demonstrated through metallographic analysis of steel bars, hot-rolled, the characteristics of surface cracks in these bars

Estudo das propriedades mecânicas do aço SAE 1312 modificado ao nióbio

The study of mechanical properties of high-alloy special steels is of great interest of the steel industry due to the great demand by companies that manufacture automotive components of high criticality, and also because of its high commercial value. However, the development of this type of alloy metals demand highly technical knowledge. Among these extremely important kinds of steel, the subject which is the interest of this study is the special steel modified by niobium. The manganese and niobium are the main alloying elements in the composition of these steels, both of them increase the stability of the austenite region, however, manganese increases the hardenability and tensile yield strength, and niobium increases the mechanical strength and promotes refining the grain. The mechanical characterization of steel SAE 1312 modified the niobium was made in order to gain a better understanding of the influence on the mechanical properties caused by aging at different temperatures and for different reductions in the drawing of gauge material. This characterization was made by means of tensile test and hardness. This material showed an increase in yield strength and hardness when gauge with large reductions during the wiredrawing, but when subjected to aging temperatures higher than 300 ° C had a slight loss of these properties

Síntese por reação em estado sólido de pós cerâmicos multifuncionais à base de CaCu3Ti4O12 modificados com estrôncio

The study of ceramic materials is constantly evolving, especially in research related to advanced ceramics. Once these have many applications, this paper relates to synthesis by solid state reaction of calcium copper titanate (CCTO) ceramic material means doping with strontium. The powders were characterized using thermal analysis techniques such as TG (thermogravimetry), DTA (differencial thermal analysis), dilatometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compositions have submitted weight loss at around 6% with respect to carbonates used, and was attributed a temperature of 950° C to perform the calcination according to thermogravimetric analysis. After the process of calcination and milling, the particles presented approximately spherical shapes and high percentages of substitution Ca2+ with Sr2+ was evident by the presence of necks between to particles due to the milling calcination. Analyses with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) showed stoichiometries in different samples very similar to the theoretical stoichiometry

Estudo da deformação heterogênea no ensaio do anel de atrito

The plastic deformation is widely used in the metallurgical market due to its positive factors such as low prices and high speed production. Forming process products are obtained in high quality, both surface quality and mechanical properties. Friction is an importante factor in metal forming. Friction study in metal forming can be accomplished indirectly, such as the ring test of friction. Two samples of different materials being mild steel and copper alloy were used. The results showed the influence of friction in the flow behavior of the deformation of the second phase, as evidenced by standard metallography. It is observed that in the outer regions of the ring, plastic deformation occured in the radial direction. In the central region of the disc deformation occured in the direction of compression and the inner region of the ring flux lines showed a significant deformation in the radial direction towards the center of the ring

Processamento de peças em materiais compósitos para o projeto BAJA SAE

The weight of a vehicle has always been considered an extreme important factor, because it interferes in the performance, steering, consume, environmental impact, wear of components, among the others. Because of the new demand, consume reduction aim and gases emission increased the necessity to manufacture lighter vehicles, guaranteeing the complying with the gas emission international law. Besides the legal demand, the low weight will certainly be essential for the competitiveness for the next generation of vehicles. It is with this thinking the composite materials have been introduced in the automobilist industry, because those materials show an excellent relation of strength/weight, providing a reduction of consume and the increase of load capacity. Those factors justify the increase of interest of industry and the necessity of optimization of those materials and of their process. For this research, the field of application will be the Baja SAE Project, a project that is fully developed by engineering students, where they build a prototype single seat, off-road category, for use on hilly slopes with obstacle. This research aims to study two key components of the prototype are made of composite materials, analyzing all the processing. In addition, there is the analysis of the viability of this production parts to a Baja SAE vehicle, in order to increase their performance and reduce their weight without reducing the safety and robustness of the prototype. It was possible to achieve weight reduction of the steering subsystem with manufacturing the flywheel hybrid composite (carbon/glass) and the replacement of SAE 1010 steel by hybrid composite (carbon/aramid) in CVT box. The importance of this study is to obtain a good project for the vehicle of technical and scientific manner, contributing to the know-how to the team and providing a basis for optimization for upcoming projects

Hipomineralización incisivo Y molar: diagnóstico diferencial

Hypomineralized first molar often in combination with hypomineralized incisors (MIH - molar incisor hypomineralization) is a common finding in everyday practice. In this condition, hypomineralized dental enamel is fragile and soft, and it can break easily leading to an exposed dentin, and causing dental sensitivity and progression of caries lesions. The prevalence of MIH range from 3.6 to 25% in North of Europe that consider this condition a public health problem. No conclusive information was reported about the etiologic factors of MIH, however, systemic causes seem to be of importance. Several aetiological factors are mentioned as the cause of this condition and they are frequently associated with complications during pregnancy and childhood diseases during the first three years of life. MIH is frequently misinterpreted as fluorosis, hypoplasia or amelogénesis imperfect, however, this condition presents defined clinical aspects that can distinct it from the other defects.

Tratamiento de la deformidad facial causada por la hiperplasia condilar: relato de caso

The condylar hyperplasia is an acquired development anomaly, rare, characterized by an excessive and progressive growing, affecting neck, condilar head, body and the mandible bough, provoking an important facial asymmetry. In the article we present a case of male patient, 22-years-old, reclaiming of painful sintomatology in the region of temporomandibular joint and severe facial asymmetry. It was instituted an orthodontic-surgical treatment by means of orthognathic combined surgery and high condilectomy. After six years of post-surgical controlling, the patient is now in a good shape, without recurrence of facial asymmetry and condylar hyperplasia.

Estudio histológico del processo de reparación alveolar después de la aplicación tópica de la solucioón anestésica prilocaína 3 % con felipressina o,o3 ui/ml

The aim of this study was to evaluate the local anesthetic solution, composed by Prilocaine 3% and felipressin 0,03 UI/ml, influence on the alveolar repair process in rats after dental extraction. This research was previously approved by the Ethic Committee in Research of the Masters Degree Program in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Marília University (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil. It was an experimental, randomly controlled study, with bifactorial analysis (group control versus experimental group, in function of the postoperative times (2 X 4)). For the accomplishment of this study 32 rats were used (Rattus norvegicus, albinus, Wistar), males, adults, weighing between 280 and 320 grams. The animals were selected and divided into Group I (control) and Group II (Citocain 3%® - Prilocaine 3% with felipressin 0,03UI/ml) with 16 rats each; being four animals of the Group I and four of the Group II, destined to the euthanasia in the postoperative periods of 3rd, 7th, 15th and 24th days. The histological analysis with base in the developed methodology, allowed us to conclude that the anesthetic solution of Citocain 3%® applied with gauze compress on the surgical dental wound, produced tissue events that committed the basic biological principles, that are responsible for the regeneration of the gingival epithelium and the alveolar process repair in rats. The Group I presented better results in the alveolar repair when compared to the Group II.

El papel del óxido nítrico en la modulación del proceso inflamatorio de la enfermedad periodontal

Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical with participation in almost all physiologic host processes; however, in high concentrations it may damage the tissues. Its immunoregulatory action is present in the inflammation and in auto-immune mechanisms, being intensively studied in the medical area. Recently, some studies have also reported that NO could play a role as etiopathogenic factor of the periodontal disease, which shows inflammatory and multifactorial course. Due to beneficial or damage effects of NO, according to its concentrations, some studies have been focused in the evaluation of inhibitor of NO-Synthase (NOS) as therapeutic agents in inflammatory processes. In this context, the aim of this study was to report the role of NO and NOS inhibition in the periodontal disease modulation process. In conclusion, it could be suggested that NO seems to play an essential role in evolution of inflammatory periodontal disease, and that the NOS inhibition may be considered as a promising therapeutic in modulation of inflammatory process.