Texas forest fires in relation to weather and other factors /

Includes bibliographical references.

Links between tree species, symbiotic fungal diversity and ecosystem functioning in simplified tropical ecosystems

We studied the relationships among plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal diversity, and their effects on ecosystem function, in a series of replicate tropical forestry plots in the La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Forestry plots were 12 yr old and were either monocultures of three tree species, or polycultures of the tree species with two additional understory species. Relationships among the AM fungal spore community, host species, plant community diversity and ecosystem phosphorus-use efficiency (PUE) and net primary productivity (NPP) were assessed. Analysis of the relative abundance of AM fungal spores found that host tree species had a significant effect on the AM fungal community, as did host plant community diversity (monocultures vs polycultures). The Shannon diversity index of the AM fungal spore community differed significantly among the three host tree species, but was not significantly different between monoculture and polyculture plots. Over all the plots, significant positive relationships were found between AM fungal diversity and ecosystem NPP, and between AM fungal community evenness and PUE. Relative abundance of two of the dominant AM fungal species also showed significant correlations with NPP and PUE. We conclude that the AM fungal community composition in tropical forests is sensitive to host species, and provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that the diversity of AM fungi in tropical forests and ecosystem NPP covaries.

The Spectral Distribution of Radiation in Two Neotropical Rainforests

The spectral quality of radiation in the understory of two neotropical rainforests, Barro Colorado Island in Panama and La Selva in Costa Rica, is profoundly affected by the density of the canopy. Understory light conditions in both forests bear similar spectral characteristics. In both the greatest changes in spectral quality occur at low flux densities, as in the transition from extreme shade to small light flecks. Change in spectral quality, as assessed by the red: far-red (R:FR) ratio, the ratio of radiant energy 400-700: 300-1100 nm, and the ratio of quantum flux density 400-700:300-1100 nm, is strongly correlated with a drop in percentage of solar radiation as measurable by a quantum radiometer. Thus, by knowing the percentage of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in relation to full sunlight, it is possible to estimate the spectral quality in the forest at a particular time and microsite.

La prise en compte de la lumière naturelle pendant la conception architecturale à l'aide des outils informatiques : modèles et représentation

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Le rôle de la PI3-kinase dans le phénotype invasif et motile des cellules MSV-MDCK-INV

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

L'herbier du souffleur : critique phonostylistique de la prolation dramatique

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Diabetaction, programme d'exercice pour personnes diabétiques de type 2 ou à risque : effets sur la pratique d'activités physiques, la condition physique, la qualité de vie et différents paramètres de santé

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Protected Areas' Impacts on Brazilian Amazon Deforestation: Examining Conservation-Development Interactions to Inform Planning.

Protected areas are the leading forest conservation policy for species and ecoservices goals and they may feature in climate policy if countries with tropical forest rely on familiar tools. For Brazil's Legal Amazon, we estimate the average impact of protection upon deforestation and show how protected areas' forest impacts vary significantly with development pressure. We use matching, i.e., comparisons that are apples-to-apples in observed land characteristics, to address the fact that protected areas (PAs) tend to be located on lands facing less pressure. Correcting for that location bias lowers our estimates of PAs' forest impacts by roughly half. Further, it reveals significant variation in PA impacts along development-related dimensions: for example, the PAs that are closer to roads and the PAs closer to cities have higher impact. Planners have multiple conservation and development goals, and are constrained by cost, yet still conservation planning should reflect what our results imply about future impacts of PAs.

La prise en compte de la lumière naturelle pendant la conception architecturale à l'aide des outils informatiques : modèles et représentation

Un document accompagne le mémoire et est disponible pour consultation au Centre de conservation des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal (http://www.bib.umontreal.ca/conservation/).

Le rôle de la PI3-kinase dans le phénotype invasif et motile des cellules MSV-MDCK-INV

Un document accompagne le mémoire et est disponible pour consultation au Centre de conservation des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal (http://www.bib.umontreal.ca/conservation/).

L'herbier du souffleur : critique phonostylistique de la prolation dramatique

Un document accompagne la thèse et est disponible pour consultation au Centre de conservation des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal (http://www.bib.umontreal.ca/conservation/).

Diabetaction, programme d'exercice pour personnes diabétiques de type 2 ou à risque : effets sur la pratique d'activités physiques, la condition physique, la qualité de vie et différents paramètres de santé

Un document accompagne la thèse et est disponible pour consultation au Centre de conservation des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal (http://www.bib.umontreal.ca/conservation/).

Of Marx and Makers: an Historical Perspective on Generative Justice

In Marxist frameworks “distributive justice” depends on extracting value through a centralized state. Many new social movements—peer to peer economy, maker activism, community agriculture, queer ecology, etc.—take the opposite approach, keeping value in its unalienated form and allowing it to freely circulate from the bottom up. Unlike Marxism, there is no general theory for bottom-up, unalienated value circulation. This paper examines the concept of “generative justice” through an historical contrast between Marx’s writings and the indigenous cultures that he drew upon. Marx erroneously concluded that while indigenous cultures had unalienated forms of production, only centralized value extraction could allow the productivity needed for a high quality of life. To the contrary, indigenous cultures now provide a robust model for the “gift economy” that underpins open source technological production, agroecology, and restorative approaches to civil rights. Expanding Marx’s concept of unalienated labor value to include unalienated ecological (nonhuman) value, as well as the domain of freedom in speech, sexual orientation, spirituality and other forms of “expressive” value, we arrive at an historically informed perspective for generative justice. 

De enemigo vencido a tesoro cercado: Un estudio etnohistórico sobre el ambiente en la producción forestal del Alto Paraná de Misiones (Arg.). En: Avá, nº 20

Se presenta una etnohistoria ambiental de la producción forestal en el bosque atlántico altoparanaense de Misiones (Argentina), entre 1874 y 2010. Para ello se utiliza el enfoque de la historia ambiental que se propone conocer las prácticas e ideas con las que una sociedad interviene la naturaleza (Arnold, 1992). Es etnohistoria, porque se orienta a caracterizar la diversidad de grupos sociales ágrafos y subalternos. En base a diferencias tecnológicas, de recurso y de territorio en uso, el período estudiado se subdividió en tres etapas: a) 1874 a 1920: la representación hegemónica es la selva como enemigo a vencer para integrar a Misiones a la Nación. b) 1930 a 1960: la selva es fuente de materia prima a costo cero. c) 1970 a 2010: la selva es resguardada en áreas de reserva, se define a la plantación monocultivo de árboles como bosque. La hipótesis central del artículo es que este abordaje histórico y etnográfico a la vez, posibilita entender la relación naturaleza-cultura como un proceso de configuración simultánea de dominios excluyentes, donde la clase y la diversidad étnica determinan experiencias sociales particulares del ambiente.