ALIENAÇÃO DO HOMEM NO TRABALHO: PROPOSTA DE UMA METODOLOGIA DE PESQUISA PARA A SUA ANÁLISE NO PLANO EMPÍRICO DA GESTÃO

Esta dissertação busca discutir a alienação do homem contemporâneo e avaliar diferentes caminhos científicos para seu estudo. Foram descritos diferentes momentos históricos que reforçaram a alienação do trabalhador e avaliadas três técnicas de pesquisa, para entender qual seria a mais indicada para a percepção da questão. As técnicas são a história oral, a pesquisa de levantamento - técnica de Survey e a observação participante. A pesquisa de campo permite inferir pela análise dos dados que a história oral temática possibilitou a auto-reflexão dos sujeitos, apontando-se um caminho à des-alienação e no encontro da autenticidade da pessoa.(AU)

ANTROPOLOGIA TRANSCENDENTAL E CORRELAÇÃO : KARL RAHNER E PAUL TILLICH EM DIALOGO - UMA LEITURA INTERCONFESSIONAL DE MÉTODOS TEOLÓGICOS A PARTIR DA ONTOLOGIA EXISTENCIAL DE MARTIN HEIDEGGER

Esta tese de Doutorado procura estudar os métodos teológicos em diálogo, antropologiatranscendental de Karl Rahner e correlação de Paul Tillich, a partir da sistematização da ontologia existencial elaborada pelo jovem Heidegger em Sein und Zeit. Tanto num, como noutro método, o que se discute é a profundidade do ser, na sua possibilidade de aproximação em superação ao que não pode ser dito. Nesse caso, tanto a metafísica tomista, resgatada por Rahner, quanto a secularização protestante e o abismo do ser, enfatizado por Tillich, assumem a impossibilidade de se dizer o conteúdo do sagrado, exatamente por se situarem ou no inconceito da raiz ontológica (Rahner), ou no excesso de sentido do Ultimate Concern (Tillich). Dessas impossibilades, independente se um antes e depois (Rahner), ou se um depois e um antes em profundidade (Tillich), o que se tem é a pergunta ontológica como possibilidade da abertura do ser, nos dois casos sem conteúdo, para que a resposta , que também não responde, seja dada como (im)possibilidade do deslocamento do ser. No resgate da metafísica tomista, em Rahner, há um deslocamento a partir de um sentido, de certo modo linear , daí antropologia-transcendental. Já na leitura protestante de Tillich, o deslocamento se dá por uma dialética , o ser ameaçado pelo não-ser, como uma unidade rompida, daí correlação. A tese é apresentada em quatro capítulos. No primeiro há uma leitura de Heidegger, pela perspectiva da hermenêutica da compreensão. Já no segundo a reflexão se dá em busca da possibilidade da compreensão pela racionalidade ontológica na correlação, Paul Tillich, pela mediação do simbólico. No terceiro, seguindo as mesmas preocupações, se faz a leitura da epistemologia na racionalidade ontológica na antropologia -transcendental, Karl Rahner, pela mediação da pré-apreensão. O quarto capítulo apresenta temas decorrentes, e tradicionais da teologia, em diálogo a partir dos métodos.(AU)

Cenário da produção acadêmica em história da matemática no ensino de matemática: uma análise reflexiva das teses e dissertações (1990-2010)

This research aims to make a reflective analysis about the academic production originated in the stricto sensu post graduation programs in the country, produced in the period of 1990 to 2010, in the field of History of Mathematics, especifically on works about the History of Mathematics in Mathematics education and that present pedagogical proposals that make use of the History of Mathematics in order to teach Mathematics. Defending the thesis that the researches on mathematics education with goals turned to the use of didactic proposals related to the history of mathematic that take in consideration the coherency between epistemological aspects inherent to mathematics history and anthological elements materialized on the conceptions of mathematics and mathematics history and of apprenticeship (implicitly or explicitly exposed) may originate significant contribution to the field of history of mathematics on education. Among these, nine were Master’s Degree dissertations and five PHD’s theses. The reflective analysis was accomplished from two matrixes; one from theoretical nature and the other, ontologic nature, elaborated from the pretexts of Sanches Gamboa, about the epistemological analysis from academic production in the field of Mathematics Education and the following theoretical perspectives in the field of History of Mathematics Education, that are: linear evolutionary theory, structural construtivist operative, evolutionary discontinuous, historical and socialcultural investigation and the use of activities estimulating the usage of verbal and nonverbal expressions. These perspectives were based on the works of Miguel and Miorim, Mendes and Radford. As results, we have detected some established dissonances between the categories related to theoretical and ontologic levels and the pedagogical proposal presented in these researches. On the other hand, we have discovered works that are able to establish consonances between the theoretical and ontological elements and the presented pedagogical proposal. These works carry significative contributions to the field of History of Mathematics applied to Mathematics pedagogical practice, inclusively presenting significative theoretical elements to the production of knowledge recognized as scientific in the Mathematics field

Violência contra mulher: expressões da opressão às mulheres sob a égide do capitalismo e do patriarcado

This dissertation is the result of a research process that sought , from the speech of women in situations of violence , examine the difficulties these women to access the "network " of assistance to women victims of violence in the city of Natal/RN . Therefore , we made a critical analysis from the perspective of totality on the processual ontological " being a woman " and " be a man " , articulating the determinations of the subjective and objective dimensions in the lives of women at this juncture . Thus , also reflecting on the system of oppression of women through Capitalism / Patriarchate , articulated with other determinations of reality , as race / ethnicity , sexual orientation , generation and territoriality . Because of the oppression of women in all aspects of social life , the feminist movement led to the public domain claims against the oppressions of women and fight for Public Social Policies that aim to the particularities of women , among them, the social policies of coping violence against women . The speeches of the women interviewed show the contradictory aspect of work in women's lives . On the one hand , can become a means to financial independence ( with the possibility of exit from violent means). On the other , it can become "cause " of justification for the exercise of violence against women by their partners or former partners . Also show that despite legal advances , there is no effective implementation of policies aimed at women . This occurs as a result of capitalism / patriarchy and the context of neoliberal management of big capital . Thus , the feminist movement , as well as the social movement of the working class , must seek the empowerment of women through the struggle to end all forms of oppression , exploitation and domination among humans.

Dançando a carne: uma poética do corpo no mito adâmico

In this dissertation we reflect about sensitive the dimension of the body, which enables us to participate in mythical space and set him as a potential space for artistic creation in dance, experience provider in senses for world, for life and for existence. It´s a written, thrashing some reflections on the human condition from a gaze cast upon the myth of Adam, leading us to think about the possible relationships between art and myth in contemporary times, as fields of knowledge open to creation, and semantic spaces able to assign new meanings to living through the pulsations of a body that is myth and what is dance. One of the goals of this study is set up a new point of view to analyze the Adam's myth, enabling to new interpretations, meanings and understandings from the experience in the process of creation in contemporary dance. Therefore, methodologically reference is made in the Phenomenology, or rather the phenomenological attitude proposed by Merleau-Ponty (1994), which considers the experience of the body as the primary source of knowledge. Dipping on this process of creation in contemporary dance, one artistic and choreographic work was originated, titled "The Body I am”, in contemplation of this dance that echoes the mystery, that emerges from the depths of the body, and it brings to the human surface and your world, your relationships. Realize that dance is as a sensitive guide and counselor reflections ontological and epistemological, able to validate and perpetuate the myth whereas ancestral wisdom inheritance.

Debates curriculares actuales. La educación física en cuestión

El currículum en tanto estructura de conocimiento y acontecimiento de saber, es entendido como una configuración discursiva que implica prácticas, que problematizan los anclajes teóricos y tiene consecuencias políticas en tanto cuestiona las relaciones entre la enseñanza, el saber y el sujeto. El trabajo analiza el currículo en una perspectiva ontológica que nos permite presentar los principales debates actuales en torno a la teoría curricular

Ontología y política. Análisis y observaciones de la filosofía de Cornelius Castoriadis

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en ofrecer una reconstrucción sistemática del pensamiento de Cornelius Castoriadis, y de sus reflexiones particulares en el marco de la filosofía política y de la reflexión sobre la ontología. La reconstrucción de sus ideasen estos dos ámbitos busca visibilizar algunas dificultades teóricas que surgen al considerar en conjunto sus propuestas en el marco mismo de su comprensión del ser y de la estructura de lo real. En consecuencia, la hipótesis del trabajo es que resulta necesario reconsiderar algunos conceptos generales de la filosofía política propuesta por Castoriadis, a partir de un análisis detenido de su teoría ontológica. La estructura del trabajo se compone de una primera parte conformada por cuatro capítulos en la que se recupera una perspectiva general del pensamiento del autor, de su comprensión de la especificidad epistemológica del campo histórico social y su caracterización del proyecto de autonomía social e individual. Y una segunda parte en la que se exponen de manera sistemática sus reflexiones sobre la estructura de lo real y se las pone en diálogo con otras propuestas contemporáneas como el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger. Finalmente el trabajo ofrece algunas observaciones sobre las dificultades teóricas que pueden presentarse al evaluar la consistencia de sus tesis políticas en el marco de su caracterización de la estructura ontológica del ser

Ontología y política. Análisis y observaciones de la filosofía de Cornelius Castoriadis

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en ofrecer una reconstrucción sistemática del pensamiento de Cornelius Castoriadis, y de sus reflexiones particulares en el marco de la filosofía política y de la reflexión sobre la ontología. La reconstrucción de sus ideasen estos dos ámbitos busca visibilizar algunas dificultades teóricas que surgen al considerar en conjunto sus propuestas en el marco mismo de su comprensión del ser y de la estructura de lo real. En consecuencia, la hipótesis del trabajo es que resulta necesario reconsiderar algunos conceptos generales de la filosofía política propuesta por Castoriadis, a partir de un análisis detenido de su teoría ontológica. La estructura del trabajo se compone de una primera parte conformada por cuatro capítulos en la que se recupera una perspectiva general del pensamiento del autor, de su comprensión de la especificidad epistemológica del campo histórico social y su caracterización del proyecto de autonomía social e individual. Y una segunda parte en la que se exponen de manera sistemática sus reflexiones sobre la estructura de lo real y se las pone en diálogo con otras propuestas contemporáneas como el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger. Finalmente el trabajo ofrece algunas observaciones sobre las dificultades teóricas que pueden presentarse al evaluar la consistencia de sus tesis políticas en el marco de su caracterización de la estructura ontológica del ser

Debates curriculares actuales. La educación física en cuestión

El currículum en tanto estructura de conocimiento y acontecimiento de saber, es entendido como una configuración discursiva que implica prácticas, que problematizan los anclajes teóricos y tiene consecuencias políticas en tanto cuestiona las relaciones entre la enseñanza, el saber y el sujeto. El trabajo analiza el currículo en una perspectiva ontológica que nos permite presentar los principales debates actuales en torno a la teoría curricular

Ontología y política. Análisis y observaciones de la filosofía de Cornelius Castoriadis

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en ofrecer una reconstrucción sistemática del pensamiento de Cornelius Castoriadis, y de sus reflexiones particulares en el marco de la filosofía política y de la reflexión sobre la ontología. La reconstrucción de sus ideasen estos dos ámbitos busca visibilizar algunas dificultades teóricas que surgen al considerar en conjunto sus propuestas en el marco mismo de su comprensión del ser y de la estructura de lo real. En consecuencia, la hipótesis del trabajo es que resulta necesario reconsiderar algunos conceptos generales de la filosofía política propuesta por Castoriadis, a partir de un análisis detenido de su teoría ontológica. La estructura del trabajo se compone de una primera parte conformada por cuatro capítulos en la que se recupera una perspectiva general del pensamiento del autor, de su comprensión de la especificidad epistemológica del campo histórico social y su caracterización del proyecto de autonomía social e individual. Y una segunda parte en la que se exponen de manera sistemática sus reflexiones sobre la estructura de lo real y se las pone en diálogo con otras propuestas contemporáneas como el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger. Finalmente el trabajo ofrece algunas observaciones sobre las dificultades teóricas que pueden presentarse al evaluar la consistencia de sus tesis políticas en el marco de su caracterización de la estructura ontológica del ser

Debates curriculares actuales. La educación física en cuestión

El currículum en tanto estructura de conocimiento y acontecimiento de saber, es entendido como una configuración discursiva que implica prácticas, que problematizan los anclajes teóricos y tiene consecuencias políticas en tanto cuestiona las relaciones entre la enseñanza, el saber y el sujeto. El trabajo analiza el currículo en una perspectiva ontológica que nos permite presentar los principales debates actuales en torno a la teoría curricular

Looking for Determinants of Ontological Security in the Spain of the Crisis

The concept of ontological security has a remarkable echo in the current sociology to describe emotional status of men of late modernity. However, the concept created by Giddens in the eighties has been little used in empirical research covering various sources of risk or uncertainty. In this paper, a scale for ontological security is proposed. To do this, we start from the results of a research focused on the relationship between risk, uncertainty and vulnerability in the context of the economic crisis in Spain. These results were produced through nine focus groups and a telephone survey with standardized questionnaire applied to a national sample of 2,408 individuals over 18 years. This work is divided into three main sections. In the fi rst, a scale has been built from the results of the application of different items present in the questionnaire used. The second part explores the relationships of the scale obtained with the variables further approximate the emotional dimensions of individuals. The third part observes the variables that contribute to changes in the scale: These variables show the structural feature of the ontological security.

What is this thing called Historical Archaeology?

Historical archaeology, in its narrow temporal sense -as an archaeology of the emergence and subsequent evolution of the Modern world- is steadily taking pace in Spanish academia. This paper aims at provoking a more robust debate through understanding how Spanish historical archaeology is placed in the international scene and some of its more relevant particularities. In so doing, the paper also stresses the strong links that have united historical and prehistorical archaeology since its inception, both in relation to the ontological, epistemological and methodological definition of the first as to the influence of socio-political issues in the latter. Such reflection is partly a situated reflection from prehistory as one of the paper’s authors has been a prehistorian for most of her professional life.

What Heraclitus and Parmenides have in common on Reality and Deception

It is usually assumed that Heraclitus is, exclusively, the philosopher of flux, diversity and opposition while Parmenides puts the case for unity and changelessness. However, there is a significant common understanding of things (though in differing contexts), not simply an accidental similarity of understanding. Both philosophers, critically, distinguish two realms: on the one hand, there is the one, common realm, identical for all, which is grasped by the ‘logos that is common’(Heraclitus) or the steady nous (Parmenides) that follows a right method in order to interpret the real. On the other hand, the realm of multiplicity seen and heard by the senses, when interpreted by ‘barbarian souls’, is not understood in its common unity. Analogously, when grasped by the wandering weak nous it does not comprehend the real’s basic unity. In this paper I attempt to defend the thesis that both thinkers claim that the common logos (to put it in Heraclitean terms) or the steady intellect (to say it with Parmenides) grasp and affirm the unity of the real.

Neoliberalism as an ideology

In order to examine whether the usual identification of neoliberal ideas with an ideological discourse is valid, this paper starts off with an analysis of what Marx terms commodity fetishism in Capital, based on which a certain sense of the concept of ideology may be inferred which would result in its being both true and false. In order to determine whether this definition of ideology may be applied to neoliberal theory, we look at its fundamental features and how they continue with or break away from economic liberalism as studied in Michel Foucault’s Birth of biopolitics. Attention is later moved to the characteristics detected by David Harvey in the socalled flexible accumulation as the latest stage of capitalism which coincides with the political implementation of neoliberal doctrine. At the end of the road travelled, it is hypothesised that this theory would be a form of ideology containing a dimension of both truth and falsehood, in line with Marx’s thought.