The effects of growth phase and salinity on the hydrogen isotopic composition of alkenones produced by coastal haptophyte algae

The isotopic fractionation of hydrogen during the biosynthesis of alkenones produced by marine haptophyte algae has been shown to depend on salinity and, as such, the hydrogen isotopic composition of alkenones is emerging as a palaeosalinity proxy. The relationship between fractionation and salinity has previously only been determined during exponential growth, whilst it is not yet known in which growth phases natural haptophyte populations predominantly exist. We have therefore determined the relationship between the fractionation factor, alpha alkenones-water, and salinity for C37 alkenones produced in different growth phases of batch cultures of the major alkenone-producing coastal haptophytes Isochrysis galbana (strain CCMP 1323) and Chrysotila lamellosa (strain CCMP 1307) over a range in salinity from ca. 10 to ca. 35. alpha alkenones-water was similar in both species, ranging over 0.841-0.900 for I. galbana and 0.838-0.865 for C. lamellosa. A strong (0.85 <= R**2 <= 0.97; p < 0.0001) relationship between salinity and fractionation factor was observed in both species at all growth phases investigated. This suggests that alkenone dD has the potential to be used as a salinity proxy in coastal areas where haptophyte communities are dominated by these coastal species. However, there was a marked difference in the sensitivity of alpha alkenones-water to salinity between different growth phases: in the exponential growth phase of I. galbana, alpha alkenones-water increased by 0.0019 per salinity unit (S 1), but was less sensitive at 0.0010 S 1 and 0.0008 S 1 during the stationary and decline phases, respectively. Similarly, in C. lamellosa alpha alkenones-water increased by 0.0010 S 1 in the early stationary phase and by 0.0008 S 1 during the late stationary phase. Assuming the shift in sensitivity of alpha alkenones-water to salinity observed at the end of exponential growth in I. galbana is similar in other alkenone-producing species, the predominant growth phase of natural populations of haptophytes will affect the sensitivity of the alkenone salinity proxy. The proxy is likely to be most sensitive to salinity when alkenones are produced in a state similar to exponential growth.

MARECHIARA-phytoplankton long-term time-series (1984-2006) at the fixed coastal station in the Gulf of Naples, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea

The "MARECHIARA-phytoplankton" dataset contains phytoplankton data collected in the ongoing time-series at Stn MC ( 40°48.5' N, 14°15' E) in the Gulf of Naples. This dataset spans over the period 1984-2006 and contains data of phytoplankton species composition and abundance. Phytoplankton sampling was regularly conducted from January 1984 till July 1991 and in 1995-2006. Sampling was interrupted from August 1991 till January 1995. The sampling frequency was fortnightly till 1991 and weekly since 1995. Phytoplankton samples were collected at 0.5 m depth using Niskin bottles and immediately fixed with formaldehyde (0.8-1.6% final concentration) for species identification and counts.

Variations in coastal fish species composition captured by traps in Romsdalsfjord, Western Norway

Fish traps are widely used in Norwegian fjords, especially those designed for monitoring salmonid populations in the marine environment, although many other marine fish species are also captured. The composition and spatio-temporal variations of fish species captured by fish traps were monitored in five different coastal locations throughout the Romsdalsfjord region, Western Norway, from May to August during the three consecutive years (2011–2013). Twenty-three fish species were captured by traps in coastal waters, both resident and migratory fishes. The most common fish and with greater catchability were saithe (Pollachis virens) and sea trout (Salmo trutta), followed by cod (Gadus morhua), pollack (P. pollachius), herring (Clupea harengus) and mackerels (Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scombrus). However, the captured assemblage presented great spatial and seasonal variations, in terms of mean daily catch, probably associated with hydrographical conditions and migrational patterns. Information obtained in this study will help us to better understand the compositions and dynamic of coastal fish populations inhabiting Norwegian coastal waters. In addition, traps are highly recommended as a management tool for fish research (e.g. fish-tagging experiments, mark and recapture) and conservation purposes (coastal use and fisheries studies).

Boston, Massachusetts Region LIDAR First Return Elevation Data, 2002

LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) first return elevation data of the Boston, Massachusetts region from MassGIS at 1-meter resolution. This LIDAR data was captured in Spring 2002. LIDAR first return data (which shows the highest ground features, e.g. tree canopy, buildings etc.) can be used to produce a digital terrain model of the Earth's surface. This dataset consists of 74 First Return DEM tiles. The tiles are 4km by 4km areas corresponding with the MassGIS orthoimage index. This data set was collected using 3Di's Digital Airborne Topographic Imaging System II (DATIS II). The area of coverage corresponds to the following MassGIS orthophoto quads covering the Boston region (MassGIS orthophoto quad ID: 229890, 229894, 229898, 229902, 233886, 233890, 233894, 233898, 233902, 233906, 233910, 237890, 237894, 237898, 237902, 237906, 237910, 241890, 241894, 241898, 241902, 245898, 245902). The geographic extent of this dataset is the same as that of the MassGIS dataset: Boston, Massachusetts Region 1:5,000 Color Ortho Imagery (1/2-meter Resolution), 2001 and was used to produce the MassGIS dataset: Boston, Massachusetts, 2-Dimensional Building Footprints with Roof Height Data (from LIDAR data), 2002 [see cross references].

Boston, Massachusetts, 2-Dimensional Building Footprints with Height Data (from LIDAR data), 2002

This dataset consists of 2D footprints of the buildings in the metropolitan Boston area, based on tiles in the orthoimage index (orthophoto quad ID: 229890, 229894, 229898, 229902, 233886, 233890, 233894, 233898, 233902, 237890, 237894, 237898, 237902, 241890, 241894, 241898, 241902, 245898, 245902). This data set was collected using 3Di's Digital Airborne Topographic Imaging System II (DATIS II). Roof height and footprint elevation attributes (derived from 1-meter resolution LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) data) are included as part of each building feature. This data can be combined with other datasets to create 3D representations of buildings and the surrounding environment.

Satellite applications as an ocean and coastal zone management tool: three cases studies

La presente investigación es un estudio de tres aplicaciones de los satélites del océano y las zonas costeras (OCzM). Los sensores de radar que se utilizan en la exploración batimétrica son útiles en la industria de las tuberías de petróleo y en la navegación costera. Térmica y la imagen de radar se han utilizado para detectar indirectamente la distribución de los recursos de las pesquerías de atún y últimamente también otras pesquerías. El sistema de posicionamiento global (GPS) y de comunicaciones de datos de seguimiento de la flota actual de permisos, aunque el enfoque de esta tesis es sobre la flota pesquera. El desarrollo de cualquier sistema de monitoreo de la flota puede seguir el mismo principio.

A 20 m spatial resolution seamless multisource Digital Elevation/Depth Model for Lizard Island, northern Great Barrier Reef

Hydrographers have traditionally referred to the nearshore area as the "white ribbon" area due to the challenges associated with the collection of elevation data in this highly dynamic transitional zone between terrestrial and marine environments. Accordingly, available information in this zone is typically characterised by a range of datasets from disparate sources. In this paper we propose a framework to 'fill' the white ribbon area of a coral reef system by integrating multiple elevation and bathymetric datasets acquired by a suite of remote-sensing technologies into a seamless digital elevation model (DEM). A range of datasets are integrated, including field-collected GPS elevation points, terrestrial and bathymetric LiDAR, single and multibeam bathymetry, nautical chart depths and empirically derived bathymetry estimations from optical remote sensing imagery. The proposed framework ranks data reliability internally, thereby avoiding the requirements to quantify absolute error and results in a high resolution, seamless product. Nested within this approach is an effective spatially explicit technique for improving the accuracy of bathymetry estimates derived empirically from optical satellite imagery through modelling the spatial structure of residuals. The approach was applied to data collected on and around Lizard Island in northern Australia. Collectively, the framework holds promise for filling the white ribbon zone in coastal areas characterised by similar data availability scenarios. The seamless DEM is referenced to the horizontal coordinate system MGA Zone 55 - GDA 1994, mean sea level (MSL) vertical datum and has a spatial resolution of 20 m.

Monitoring of foredunes on Padre Island, Texas /

Issued July 1977.

Tylers Beach, Virginia, Dredged Material Plume Monitoring Project : 27 September to 4 October 1991 /

At head of title: "Dredging Research Program."

Ecological monitoring of beach erosion control projects, Broward County, Florida, and adjacent areas /

"February 1974."

Inspections of previously monitored coastal structures /

Includes bibliographical references: (p. 54-55).