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Introduction Since the quality of patient portrayal of standardized patients (SPs) during an Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) has a major impact on the reliability and validity of the exam, quality control should be initiated. Literature about quality control of SPs’ performance focuses on feedback [1, 2] or completion of checklists [3, 4]. Since we did not find a published instrument meeting our needs for the assessment of patient portrayal, we developed such an instrument after being inspired by others [5] and used it in our high-stakes exam. Project description SP trainers from five medical faculties collected and prioritized quality criteria for patient portrayal. Items were revised twice, based on experiences during OSCEs. The final instrument contains 14 criteria for acting (i.e. adequate verbal and non-verbal expression) and standardization (i.e. verbatim delivery of the first sentence). All partners used the instrument during a high-stakes OSCE. SPs and trainers were introduced to the instrument. The tool was used in training (more than 100 observations) and during the exam (more than 250 observations). Outcome High quality of SPs’ patient portrayal during the exam was documented. More than 90% of SP performances were rated to be completely correct or sufficient. An increase in quality of performance between training and exam was noted. For example, the rate of completely correct reaction in medical tests increased from 88% to 95%. Together with 4% of sufficient performances these 95% add up to 99% of the reactions in medical tests meeting the standards of the exam. SP educators using the instrument reported an augmentation of SPs’ performance induced by the use of the instrument. Disadvantages mentioned were the high concentration needed to observe all criteria and the cumbersome handling of the paper-based forms. Discussion We were able to document a very high quality of SP performance in our exam. The data also indicates that our training is effective. We believe that the high concentration needed using the instrument is well invested, considering the observed enhancement of performance. The development of an iPad-based application for the form is planned to address the cumbersome handling of the paper.

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Motive-oriented therapeutic relationship (MOTHER), a prescriptive concept based on an integrative form of case formulation, the Plan Analysis (PA) method (Caspar, in: Eells (ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy case formulations, 2007), has shown to be of particular relevance for the treatment of patients presenting with personality disorders, in particular contributing to better therapeutic outcome and to a more constructive development of the therapeutic alliance over time (Kramer et al., J Nerv Ment Dis 199:244–250, 2011). Several therapy models refer to MOTHER as intervention principle with regard to borderline and Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) (Sachse et al., Clarification-oriented psychotherapy of narcissistic personality disorder, 2011; Caspar and Berger, in: Dulz et al. (eds.), Handbuch der Borderline-Störungen, 2011). The present case study discusses the case of Mark, a 40-year-old patient presenting with NPD, along with anxious, depressive and anger problems. This patient underwent a seven-session long pre-therapy process, based on psychiatric and psychotherapeutic principles complemented with PA and MOTHER, in preparation for further treatment. MOTHER will be illustrated with patient–therapist verbatim from session 4 and the links between MOTHER and confrontation techniques will be discussed in the context of process-outcome hypotheses, in particular the effect of MOTHER on symptom reduction.

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Purpose. To provide a descriptive representation of the illness narratives described by Hispanic American women with CHD. ^ Design. Focused ethnographic design. ^ Setting. One outpatient general medicine clinic, one nurse-managed health promotion clinic, and informants' homes in a large metropolitan city located in southeast Texas. ^ Sample. Purposeful sampling from two different sites resulted in 17 interviews being conducted with 14 informants. ^ Method. Focused ethnographic techniques were employed in the designation of participants for the study, data collection, analysis and re-presentation. Audiotaped interviews and fieldwork were transcribed verbatim and analyzed through an iterative process of data reduction, data display, drawing conclusions and verification. ^ Findings. The developing conceptual framework that emerged from the data is labeled after the overarching experience described by informants, the experience of Embodied Exhaustion. Embodied Exhaustion, as described in this study, refers to an ongoing, dynamic, indeterminate experience of mind-body exhaustion resulting from a complex constellation of biologic, psychological and social distresses occurring over the life course. The experience consists of three categories: Taking Care of Others, Wearing Down and Hurting Hearts. Two stabilizing forces were identified: Collective Self and Believing in God. ^ Conclusions. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of framing all research, theory and practice targeting Hispanic women with CHD within a sociocentric paradigm. Nursing is challenged to provide care that extends beyond the physical body of the patient to include the social context of illness, especially the family. ^

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El libro de los cuentos, de Rafael Boira, fue uno de los muchos que se publicaron como esparcimiento en el siglo xix. Es una recopilación de composiciones jocosas menores, en prosa, salvo algunas en verso; entre éstas hay más de un centenar de enigmas o adivinanzas en quintillas cuya autoría no nos reveló. El autor de las adivinanzas es Cristóbal Pérez de Herrera (1618). Aunque como autor generalmente es original, copia o imita algunas adivinanzas preexistentes en la tradición oral o culta. Boira copió de manera literal muchas adivinanzas de este autor, aunque escribió otras con alteraciones, mayores o menores, quizás por recordarlas de memoria. "Las enigmas", de Pérez de Herrera, fueron muy divulgados anónimamente: pasaron a la tradición escrita pero también se recogieron, y aún es así hoy en día, de modo oral. Lo cierto es que también están ya presentes en la tradición oral algunas versiones tal como Boira las alteró. Incuestionablemente, los enigmas cultos han pasado a la tradición oral en el ámbito de la cultura hispana. Herrera y Boira son dos marcas en este camino de popularización

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El libro de los cuentos, de Rafael Boira, fue uno de los muchos que se publicaron como esparcimiento en el siglo xix. Es una recopilación de composiciones jocosas menores, en prosa, salvo algunas en verso; entre éstas hay más de un centenar de enigmas o adivinanzas en quintillas cuya autoría no nos reveló. El autor de las adivinanzas es Cristóbal Pérez de Herrera (1618). Aunque como autor generalmente es original, copia o imita algunas adivinanzas preexistentes en la tradición oral o culta. Boira copió de manera literal muchas adivinanzas de este autor, aunque escribió otras con alteraciones, mayores o menores, quizás por recordarlas de memoria. "Las enigmas", de Pérez de Herrera, fueron muy divulgados anónimamente: pasaron a la tradición escrita pero también se recogieron, y aún es así hoy en día, de modo oral. Lo cierto es que también están ya presentes en la tradición oral algunas versiones tal como Boira las alteró. Incuestionablemente, los enigmas cultos han pasado a la tradición oral en el ámbito de la cultura hispana. Herrera y Boira son dos marcas en este camino de popularización

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El libro de los cuentos, de Rafael Boira, fue uno de los muchos que se publicaron como esparcimiento en el siglo xix. Es una recopilación de composiciones jocosas menores, en prosa, salvo algunas en verso; entre éstas hay más de un centenar de enigmas o adivinanzas en quintillas cuya autoría no nos reveló. El autor de las adivinanzas es Cristóbal Pérez de Herrera (1618). Aunque como autor generalmente es original, copia o imita algunas adivinanzas preexistentes en la tradición oral o culta. Boira copió de manera literal muchas adivinanzas de este autor, aunque escribió otras con alteraciones, mayores o menores, quizás por recordarlas de memoria. "Las enigmas", de Pérez de Herrera, fueron muy divulgados anónimamente: pasaron a la tradición escrita pero también se recogieron, y aún es así hoy en día, de modo oral. Lo cierto es que también están ya presentes en la tradición oral algunas versiones tal como Boira las alteró. Incuestionablemente, los enigmas cultos han pasado a la tradición oral en el ámbito de la cultura hispana. Herrera y Boira son dos marcas en este camino de popularización

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