Automation of shear-wave splitting parameter determination of local earthquakes at Yellowstone : application as indicator of crustal stress and temporal variation

Shear-wave splitting can be a useful technique for determining crustal stress fields in volcanic settings and temporal variations associated with activity. Splitting parameters were determined for a subset of local earthquakes recorded from 2000-2010 at Yellowstone. Analysis was automated using an unsupervised cluster analysis technique to determine optimum splitting parameters from 270 analysis windows for each event. Six stations clearly exhibit preferential fast polarization values sub-orthogonal to the direction of minimum horizontal compression. Yellowstone deformation results in a local crustal stress field differing from the regional field dominated by NE-SW extension, and fast directions reflect this difference rotating around the caldera maintaining perpendicularity to the rim. One station exhibits temporal variations concordant with identified periods of caldera subsidence and uplift. From splitting measurements, we calculated a crustal anisotropy of ~17-23% and crack density ~0.12-0.17 possibly resulting from stress-aligned fluid filled microcracks in the upper crust and an active hydrothermal system.

Development of Robotized Laser Welding Applications for Joining Thin Sheets

Laser Welding (LW) is more often used in manufacturing due to its advantages, such as accurate control, good repeatability, less heat input, opportunities for joining of special materials, high speed, capability to join small dimension parts etc. LW is dedicated to robotized manufacturing, and the fabrication cells are using various level of flexibility, from specialized robots to very flexible setups. This paper features several LW applications using two industrially-scaled manufacturing cells at UPM Laser Centre (CLUPM) of Polytechnical University of Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid). The one dedicated to Remote Laser Welding (RLW) of thin sheets for automotive and other sectors uses a CO2 laser of 3500 W. The second has a high flexibility, is based on a 6-axis ABB robot and a Nd:YAG laser of 3300 W, and is meant for various laser processing methods, including welding. After a short description of each cell, several LW applications experimented at CLUPM and recently implemented in industry are briefly presented: RLW of automotive coated sheets, LW of high strength automotive sheets, LW vs. laser hybrid welding (LHW) of Double Phase steel thin sheets, and LHW of thin sheets of stainless steel and carbon steel (dissimilar joints). The main technological issues overcame and the critical process parameters are pointed out. Conclusions about achievements and trends are provided.

Efficiency and automation in ATM

Sustainable growth of aviation whilst respecting the environment. • ANSPs and Aircraft Operators (AO) have to improve the way they operate

HALA!'s White Paper. Towards Higher Levels of Automation in ATM

• Objectives of HALA! • Main Activities • HALA! Magement Team • Participants • Intended Audience • Heritage in ATM and Automation • The new paradigm shift in Automation in ATM • Overall system performance as main driver for ATM Automation • The three interdependent dimensions for the paradigm change. • New roles assignment based on : • “best time” • “decision place” • “best player” • HALA! main research areas

Functional modeling applied to HAZOP automation

In this paper we present a new tool to perform guided HAZOP analyses. This tool uses a functional model of the process that merges its functional and its structural information in a natural way. The functional modeling technique used is called D-higraphs. This tool solves some of the problems and drawbacks of other existing methodologies for the automation of HAZOPs. The applicability and easy understanding of the proposed methodology is shown in an industrial case.

AUTOFLY-Aid: Flight Deck Automation Support with Dynamic 4D Trajectory Management for Responsive and Adaptive Airborne Collision Avoidance

AUTOFLY-Aid Project aims to develop and demonstrate novel automation support algorithms and tools to the flight crew for flight critical collision avoidance using “dynamic 4D trajectory management”. The automation support system is envisioned to improve the primary shortcomings of TCAS, and to aid the pilot through add-on avionics/head-up displays and reality augmentation devices in dynamically evolving collision avoidance scenarios. The main theoretical innovative and novel concepts to be developed by AUTOFLY-Aid project are a) design and development of the mathematical models of the full composite airspace picture from the flight deck’s perspective, as seen/measured/informed by the aircraft flying in SESAR 2020, b) design and development of a dynamic trajectory planning algorithm that can generate at real-time (on the order of seconds) flyable (i.e. dynamically and performance-wise feasible) alternative trajectories across the evolving stochastic composite airspace picture (which includes new conflicts, blunder risks, terrain and weather limitations) and c) development and testing of the Collision Avoidance Automation Support System on a Boeing 737 NG FNPT II Flight Simulator with synthetic vision and reality augmentation while providing the flight crew with quantified and visual understanding of collision risks in terms of time and directions and countermeasures.

Proposal of a three level complexity model for office automation

Office automation is one of the fields where the complexity related with technologies and working environments can be best shown. This is the starting point we have chosen to build up a theoretical model that shows us a scene quite different from the one traditionally considered. Through the development of the model, the levels of complexity associated with office automation and office environments have been identified, establishing a relationship between them. Thus, the model allows to state a general principle for sociotechnical design of office automation systems, comprising the ontological distinctions needed to properly evaluate each particular technology and its virtual contribution to office automation. From this fact comes the model's taxonomic ability to draw a global perspective of the state-of-art in office automation technologies.

Implementation of a building automation system based on semantic modeling

This paper presents an Ontology-Based multi-technology platform designed to avoid some issues of Building Automation Systems. The platform allows the integration of several building automation protocols, eases the development and implementation of different kinds of services and allows sharing information related to the infrastructure and facilities within a building. The system has been implemented and tested in the Energy Efficiency Research Facility at CeDInt-UPM.

Residual stress distribution in ferritic-austenitic steel joints made by laser welding

The present investigation addresse the influence of laser welding process-ing parameters used for joining dis-similar metals (ferritic to austenitic steel), on the induced residual stress field. Welding was performed on a Nd:YAG laser DY033 (3300 W) in a continuous wave (CW), keyhole mode. The base metals (BM) employed in this study are AISI 1010 carbon steel (CS) and AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel (SS). Pairs of dissimilar plates of 200 mm x 45 mm x 3 mm were butt joined by laser welding. Different sets of parameters were used to engineer the base metals apportionment at joint formation, namely distinct dilution rates. Residual strain scanning, carried out by neutron diffraction was used to assess the joints. Through-thickness residual stress maps were determined for the laser welded samples of dis-similar steels using high spatial reso-lution. As a result, an appropriate set of processing parameters, able to mi-nimize the local tensile residual stress associated to the welding process, was found.

Residual stress distribution in ferritic to austenitic steel joints made by laser welding,

In this study, autogenous laser welding was used to join thin plates of low carbon ferritic and austenitic stainless steel. Due to the differences in the thermo-physical properties of base metals, this kind of weld exhibits a complex microstructure, which frequently leads to an overall loss of joint quality. Four welded samples were prepared by using different sets of processing parameters, with the aim of minimizing the induced residual stress field. The dissimilar austenitic-ferritic joints obtained under all welding conditions were uniform and free of defects. Variations in beam position did not influence the weld geometiy, which is a typical keyhole welding. Microstructural characterization and residual strain scanning (by neutron diffraction) were used to assess the features of the joints. By varying laser beam power density and by displacing the laser beam towards the carbon steel side, an optimum combination of processing parameters was found.

Home automation controller for a water-flow window

Facing the EU energy efficiency and legal scenarios related to buildings (2010/31 EU directive), new sustainable advanced concepts for envelopes are required. These innovative designs must be able to offer an elevated level of energy efficiency based on a high performance architecture. According to this, smart glazings, and particularly active water-flow glazings, represent a promising alternative to other solar control glazings, since they can reduce the building energy demand avoiding well known drawbacks as high cost, glare problems and high response time that affect to other smart glazings. This kind of glazing, as any other active one, needs to be operated by a control system. In order to operate a water-flow based window, a new controller based on an inexpensive microcontroller board has been developed

Overall vs. local mechanical behaviour of ferritic austenitic steel joints made by laser welding

The present investigation addresses the overall and local mechanical performance of dissimilar joints of low carbon steel (CS) and stainless Steel (SS) thin sheets achieved by laser welding in case of heat source displacement from the weld gap centreline towards CS. Welding was performed on a Nd:YAG laser DY033 (3300 W) in a continuos wave (CW), keyhole mode. The tensile behavior of the joint different zones assessed by using a video-image based system (VIC-2D) reveals that the residual stress field, together with the positive difference in yield between the weld metal and the base materials protects the joint from being plastically deformed. The tensile loadings of flat transverse specimens generate the strain localization and failure in CS, far away from the weld.

Ensayo no destructivo de soldaduras en pernos conectores mediante inspección acústica = Non-destructive test of welding headed studs through acoustic emission

Los pernos conectores aportan múltiples ventajas de uso, entre las que se encuentra el elevado margen de seguridad que ofrecen sus soldaduras ejecutadas mediante arco eléctrico. Estas soldaduras, aunque ampliamente fiables, son difícilmente comprobadas mediante ensayos no destructivos. Aparte de la inspección visual, que aporta gran información sobre la calidad de ejecución de la soldadura, el resto de ensayos no destructivos (líquidos penetrantes, partículas magnéticas, ultrasonidos, radiografías, etc.) resultan inviables en estos elementos. Por otro lado, los ensayos acústicos de piezas metálicas han existido siempre. Su comprobación se basaba en el análisis por medio de ¿un oído fino¿ del sonido resultante tras ser golpeado el elemento a evaluar. Con estas premisas se plantea el presente estudio de inspección de las soldaduras en pernos conectores mediante su espectro acústico. Analíticamente, la investigación se ha centrado en el cálculo informático de los primeros modos propios de vibración mediante elementos finitos. Se han modelizado diferentes grados de penetración de la soldadura mediante la modificación de las condiciones de contorno. Se ha observado que variando el número de movimientos coaccionados en los nodos pertenecientes a la soldadura se produce una reducción en su frecuencia de vibración.

Context-awareness in task automation services by distributed event processing

Everybody has to coordinate several tasks everyday, usually in a manual manner. Recently, the concept of Task Automation Services has been introduced to automate and personalize the task coordination problem. Several user centered platforms and applications have arisen in the last years, that let their users configure their very own automations based on third party services. In this paper, we propose a new system architecture for Task Automation Services in a heterogeneous mobile, smart devices, and cloud services environment. Our architecture is based on the novel idea to employ distributed Complex Event Processing to implement innovative mixed execution profiles. The major advantage of the approach is its ability to incorporate context-awareness and real-time coordination in Task Automation Services.