Producción de microtubérculos de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.), cultivar Servane en biorreactores económicos de inmersion temporal

La presente investigación se realizó en el laboratorio de cultivo de tejidos de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de marzo a septiembre de 2015 . Se evaluaron las fases de multiplicación y formación de microtubérculos de papa cultivar Servane en Biorreactores Ec onómicos de Inmersión Temporal (BEIT). En cada fase de estudio se evaluaron 70 plantas inoculadas en cinco variantes de medios de cultivo. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al a zar (BCA) con arreglo unifactorial, y tres réplicas conformada por 3 BEIT, para determinar las diferencias estadísticas entre las medias de los tratamientos se realizó la prueba de medias de diferencia mínima significativa (LSD) ( α= 0.05) . En el medio de cultivo con 0.10 mg l - 1 de GA3 y 1.00 mg l - 1 de BAP la longitud de planta, núme ro de entrenudos, número de hojas y número de brotes axilares registraron diferencias estadísticas significativas. E l medio con 80 g l - 1 de sacarosa indujo el mayor promedio de microtubér culos por planta (1.30). En el medio con 90 g l - 1 de sacarosa se obtu vo los mejores promedios diámetro y longitud de los microtubérculos con promedios respectivos de 0.57 y 0.83 cm. En los medios con concentraciones de sacarosa de 80, 90, 100 y 110 g l - 1 se obtuvo un mayor el porcentaje de m icrotubérculos con peso fre sco me nores de 0.4 g con promedios respectivos de 68, 70, 70 y 68%. Mientras que el peso fresco de 0. 4 a 0. 6 g se presentó el mayor porcentaje (43%) cuando se adicionó 1 20 g l - 1 de sacarosa. En todas las variantes de medios de cultivo la formación de microtubérc ulos con peso fresco mayor es a los 0.6 g fue mínima

Micropropagación tradicional y en biorreactores económicos de inmersión temporal del cultivar de plátano (Musa spp.) CEMSA 3/4

El estudio se realizó en el laboratorio de cultivo de tejidos de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de marzo 2014 - j unio de 2015 . Se evaluó el efecto del AIA y del BAP en el establecimient o d el plátano cv CEMSA ¾ , l a respuesta de los tejidos a los medios de cultivo de consistencia semi - sólida en tres subcultivos sucesivos en la multiplicación y la producción de brotes axilares por efecto de la siembra de 30, 35, 40, 45 y 50 tejidos por BEIT . S e evaluó el efecto del AIA y de los BEIT en la inducción de raíces . Los datos de establecimiento se analizaron en tablas porcentuales, en las fases de multiplicación y enraizamiento el diseño bloques completos al azar y se determinaron los mejores trata mientos mediante el comportamiento estadístico de las medias mediante el análisis de Duncan y Waller. Los ápices respondieron favorablemente cuando se adicionaron concentraciones entre 0.50 y 1 mg l - 1 de AIA o el suministro de 1 mg l - 1 de BAP, la producció n de fenoles se relacionó con el genotipo . Las ma y ores medias de brot ación axilar en el terce r subcultivo cuando se agregó 3 mg l - 1 de BAP con o sin adición de AIA . Con densidades de siembra de 30, 40, 45 y 50 yemas axilares por BEIT no se registraron dife rencias significativas en el número de brotes axilares. La longitud del pseudotallo, el número de hojas y el número de raíces respondieron favorablemente a las sales de MS enriquecidas con concentraciones de 0.25, 0.50 ó 0.75 mg l - 1 de AIA

Internet e educação : a compressão espaço-temporal e o civismo

Discute a relação entre a Internet e a educação para o civismo. Parte-se de uma análise do processo de compressão espaço-temporal, que se acirra com o advento das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC). A imaterialidade das relações e o individualismo são consequências de um mesmo processo que afasta os homens do mundo e os vincula a simulacros, e a presença da técnica tende a dar força a esse processo. Dessa forma, a velocidade das trocas simbólicas realizadas através das infovias acaba por exercer diversos impactos nos processos educacionais, destacando-se a falta de cultura política. Trata-se de uma situação difícil de ser modificada, no entanto, ao debater a relação entre a Internet e a educação, o texto também procura apontar caminhos para a constituição de um civismo a partir da presença das TIC no cotidiano.

Wage differentials between Permanent and Temporal Contracts: Further Evidence

The main objective of this paper is to estimate wage differentials between permanent and temporal workers for different qualification levels and decompose such differentials to see which factors contribute more to explain them. The data we use is the "Encuesta de Estructura Salarial", a survey carried out in 1995 in all countries of the European Union, which contains very detailed information on wages and other characteristics for about 180.000 workers. The empirical results indicate that (a) the wage gap between permanent and temporal workers increases with qualification and it is smaller for females than for males, (b) when decomposing average wage differentials for each qualification level, we observe that the vast majority of such differential is explainedby differences in characteristics, and in particular by differences in tenure and occupation. With respect to differences in returns, our results indicate that the returns to tenure are higher for temporal workres relative to permanent workers for both males and females and for every qualification level. Returns to occupation are higher for permanent than for temporal workers, and the differenceis particularly high for females.

Alvará com força de Ley, por que Vossa Magestade ha por bem renovar a inteira, e inviolavel observancia da Ley de doze de setembro de mil seiscentos cincoenta e tres, em quanto nella se estabeleceo, que os indios do Graõ Pará, e Maranhaõ sejão governados no temporal pelos Governadores, Ministros, e pelos seus principaes, e justiças seculares, com inhibição das administrações dos regulares, derogando todas as Leys, Regimentos, Ordens, e Disposições contrarias : para V. Magestade ver / Antonio José Galvão o fez

Coleção Marcio Moreira Alves.

Temporal and spatial changes in milfoil distribution and biomass associated with weevils in Fish Lake, WI

During the course of an eight year monitoring effort, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources documented a significant decline in milfoil biomass and distribution in Fish Lake, Wisconsin. Average milfoil biomass declined by 40- 50% from 374-524 g dw m -2 during 1991-93 to 265 g dw m -2 during both 1994 and 1995. Milfoil recovered fully in 1996- 98 to 446- 564 g dw m -2 . The size of the milfoil bed, as discerned from aerial photographs, shrank from a maximum coverage of 40 ha in 1991 to less than 20 ha during 1995. During the “crash” of 1994-95, milfoil plants exhibited typical signs of weevil-induced damage, including darkened, brittle, hollowed-out growing tips, and the arching and collapse of stems associated with loss of buoyancy. Monitoring of weevils and stem damage during 1995-98 showed highest densities and heaviest damage occurred near shore and subsequently fanned out into deeper water from core infestation sites each spring. The extent of milfoil stem damage was positively correlated with weevil densities (monthly sampling). However, weevil densities and stem damage were lower during 1995 (when milfoil biomass was in decline) than during 1996-98 (when milfoil biomass was fully recovered).

Spatial and Temporal Variation of LURR and Its Implication for the Tendency of Earthquake Occurrence in Southern California

Based on the theory of LURR and its recent development, spatial and temporal variation of Y/Y-c (value of LURR/critical value of LURR) in the Southern California region during the period from 1980 through March, 2001 was studied. According to the previous study on the fault system and stress field in Southern California, we zoned the Southern California region into 11 parts in each of which the stress field is almost uniform. With the time window of one year, time moving step of three months, space window of a circle region with a radius of 100 km and space moving step of 0.25 degree in latitude and longitude direction, the evolution of Y/Y-c were snapshot. The scanning results show that obvious Y/Y-c anomalies occurred before 5/6 of strong earthquakes considered with a magnitude of 6.5 or greater. The critical regions of Y/Y-c are near the epicenters of the strong earthquakes and the Y/Y-c anomalies occur months to years prior to the earthquakes. The tendency of earthquake occurrence in the California region is briefly discussed on the basis of the examination of Y/Y-c.

Spatio-Temporal Scanning and Statistical Test of the Accelerating Moment Release (AMR) Model Using Australian Earthquake Data

The Accelerating Moment Release (AMR) preceding earthquakes with magnitude above 5 in Australia that occurred during the last 20 years was analyzed to test the Critical Point Hypothesis. Twelve earthquakes in the catalog were chosen based on a criterion for the number of nearby events. Results show that seven sequences with numerous events recorded leading up to the main earthquake exhibited accelerating moment release. Two occurred near in time and space to other earthquakes preceded by AM R. The remaining three sequences had very few events in the catalog so the lack of AMR detected in the analysis may be related to catalog incompleteness. Spatio-temporal scanning of AMR parameters shows that 80% of the areas in which AMR occurred experienced large events. In areas of similar background seismicity with no large events, 10 out of 12 cases exhibit no AMR, and two others are false alarms where AMR was observed but no large event followed. The relationship between AMR and Load-Unload Response Ratio (LURR) was studied. Both methods predict similar critical region sizes, however, the critical point time using AMR is slightly earlier than the time of the critical point LURR anomaly.