云南中甸尼西鸡的血液蛋白多态性研究

　采用水平式淀粉胶凝胶电泳技术和垂直式聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术检测了云南中 甸尼西鸡的血液蛋白多态，对33个样本的37个基因座位进行了分析，共有9个座位出现多态，分 别为ES-1、ES-2、AKP-1、AKP-2、LAP、PGM、CK、Tf及6PGD。多态位点百分比P=0.2432,平 均杂合度=0.1015,每个座位等位基因的平均数A=1.3784,结果表明尼西鸡的血液蛋白多态程度较 高，在蛋白质水平上的遗传多样性较为丰富。同时发现Amy-1座位只出现杂合子AB型。

TOPS (Task optimization in the presence of signal-dependent noise) model

This paper proposes a movement trajectory planning model, which is a maximum task achievement model in which signal-dependent noise is added to the movement command. In the proposed model, two optimization criteria are combined, maximum task achievement and minimum energy consumption. The proposed model has the feature that the end-point boundary conditions for position, velocity, and acceleration need not be prespecified. Consequently, the method can be applied not only to the simple point-to-point movement, but to any task. In the method in this paper, the hand trajectory is derived by a psychophysical experiment and a numerical experiment for the case in which the target is not stationary, but is a moving region. It is shown that the trajectory predicted from the minimum jerk model or the minimum torque change model differs considerably from the results of the psychophysical experiment. But the trajectory predicted from the maximum task achievement model shows good qualitative agreement with the hand trajectory obtained from the psychophysical experiment. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

抚仙湖无机污染物化学背景值及动物体内致突变性评定

为了比较抚仙湖不同区域的水质及其致突变性, 从抚仙湖周围水域采取7 个样点的水样。用电感 耦合氩等离子发射光谱法对水样中的无机污染物作定性和定量分析。另外使用蝌蚪( B uf o buf o andrewsi) 红细 胞微核试验检测抚仙湖水样的致突变性。结果显示: 禄冲采样点水样带有微核的红细胞率增高, 表明这个点水 样有致突变活性物质。

稀有鮈鲫生命早期的己烯雌酚暴露对生长发育与繁殖的影响

研究了己烯雌酚(DES)对稀有鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)生命早期暴露的影响。经10μg/L和100μg/L己烯雌酚暴露26d后,稀有鲫死亡率升高,生长发育迟缓,鱼体内卵黄蛋白原(VTG)的诱导明显。经过一段时间清水养殖后,暴露组中雌鱼比例增加,雌雄鱼生长较对照组有显著变化。雌鱼性腺发育及产卵量与对照组相比虽无显著差异,但暴露组成鱼所繁育后代与对照组相比受精率、孵化率显著下降,死亡率、畸形率明显上升。这些结果说明己烯雌酚生命早期暴露影响稀有鲫的生长发育及生殖,稀有鲫生命早期暴露实验可以用于评价

Seasonal variations in stable isotope ratios of two biomanipulation fishes and seston in a large pen culture in hypereutrophic Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu

This paper reports on seasonal changes in stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of seston and muscle tissue of silver carp and bighead carp during 2004 and 2005, focusing primarily on the carbon sources and trophic relationships among phytoplankton, zooplankton and silver carp and bighead carp in a large fish pen of Meiliang Bay (Lake Taihu, China). delta C-13 showed a minimal value in March 2005 and a maximal value in August 2005 in seston both inside and outside the pen, whereas delta N-15 of seston showed the minimum in winter and the maximum during algal blooms. A positive correlation between delta C-13 of silver carp and that of seston suggested that temporal variation Of delta C-13 in seston was preserved in fish via the food chain. The differences of delta C-13 among seston, zooplankton and muscle tissue of silver carp and bighead carp ranged only 0.2-1.7%, indicating that plankton production was the primary food source of filter-feeding fishes. According to a mass balance model, we estimated that the contributions of zooplankton to the diets of silver carp and bighead carp were 45.7% and 54.3%, respectively, based on the delta N-15 values of zooplankton and planktivorous fishes. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Evaluation of soot particles of biomass fuels with endocrine-modulating activity in yeast-based bioassay

Exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) from the combustion of biomass fuels is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In the work discussed in this paper we evaluated the endocrine activity of soot particles from biomass fuels by using yeast bioassay. These pollutants could have beta-galactosidase activity with a relative potency (RP) about 10(-7)-10(-9) that of estradiol. Soot particles from wood and straw combustion only partially induced beta-galactosidase activity whereas others produced fully inductive activity in the yeast assay system. These pollutants did not have estrogen antagonist and progesterone agonist activity within the defined concentration range. However, these pollutants require 2-4 orders of magnitude higher IC50 to inhibit the activity of progesterone in a similar dose-response manner to mifepristone. We therefore propose that the endocrine activity of some environmental pollutants may be because of inhibition of the progesterone receptor (hPR). GC-MS results showed that substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds, substituted phenolic compounds and derivatives, aromatic carbonyl compounds, and phytosteroids in these soot particles may be mimicking endogenous hormones.

Vertical PIN ultraviolet photodetectors based on 4H-SiC homoepilayers

Vertical PIN ultraviolet photodetectors based on 4H-SiC homoepilayers are presented. The growth of the 4H-SiC homoepilayers was carried out in a LPCVD system. The size of the active area of the photodetector was 300 x 300 mu m(2). The dark and illuminated I-V characteristics were measured at reverse biases from 0 V to 30 V at room temperature. The illuminated current was at least two orders of magnitude higher than the dark current at a bias of below 12 V. The photoresponse was measured from 200 nm to 400 nm at different reverse biases and the peak values of the photo response were located at 3 10 nm. The calculated spectral detectivity D* was shown to be higher than 10(13) cmHz(1/2)/W from 260 to 360 nm with a peak value of 5.9 x 10(13) cmHz(1/2) /W at 310 nm. The peak value of the photoresponse was hundreds of times higher than the response at 400 nm, which showed the device had good visible blind performance. (c) 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

聚丁二烯红外和拉曼光谱微结构分析

本工作对聚丁二烯(PBD)进行了光谱微结构分析，主要考察了三个问题。1、PBD分子链构象对PBD红外光谱的影响本工作对高顺式(c)PBD样品进行了室温和低温(25℃和-150℃)红外光谱测定，发现高顺式PBD在低温下整个光谱吸收峰大部分峰宽变窄，峰强增加，特别是738cm~(-1)峰，在低温下位移至748cm~(-1)，峰强增加一倍多。另外还观察到低温结晶态出现802和598cm~(-1)两个吸收峰，在以前文献中未曾有过报导，我们将它们归属为顺式结构结晶峰。通过计算分峰，原来738cm~(-1)峰分成两个位于742和727cm~(-1)的子峰，在低温下，两个子峰分别位移至748和735cm~(-1)，与室温时比较，两个子峰半宽都明显变小。748cm~(-1)子峰峰强也大大增加。结构分析表明，顺式结构特征振动CH=CH面外变角与分子链的构象有密切联系，而仅式(T)和1.2(v)结构却不存在这种情况，因而967cm~(-1)(T)和911cm~(-1)(v)两特征峰低温下变化都很小。本工作认为顺式结构738cm~(-1)峰这一变化是由于顺式结构不同分子链构象所造成的。低温和室温下分峰所得的左子峰对应于最稳定构象产生的吸收，右子峰则对应于相对不稳定构象产生的吸收。同时本工作肯定了米晋瑁等人提出的红外光谱定量分析方法在高顺式样品中的适用性。2、PBD分子链序列结构对红外光谱的影响由于在非高顺式样品中存在CCC、CCT、CCV、TCV、TCT、VCV等多种序列形式，通过不同组成的PBD红外光谱分析，发现在乙烯基含量中、高的样品中，原来738cm~(-1)峰已不再存在，峰值出现在733cm~(-1)附近，而且受1.2结构部分吸收的严重影响，顺式结构CH=CH面外变角吸收已不再是顺式结构的特征峰。通过对850至650cm~(-1)光谱区的光谱解析，本工作认为朱晋瑁等人的红外光谱定量分析方法在乙烯含量中、高的样品中已不再适用。3、PBD拉曼光谱的微结构分析本工作对PBD拉曼光谱1600-1700cm~(-1)区进行了光谱测定，选择了1666、1652和1639.5cm~(-1)吸收峰作为T、C和V构型的特征峰，借助于景遐斌老师的计算分峰方法，对PBD样品进行微结构分析，结果表明，各吸收带拟合良好，特征峰峰位稳定，分别在1666±1、1652±1.5和1639.5±1 cm~(-1)，半峰宽变化不大，峰与峰之间相互影响很小，也就是说，我们选用的特征峰是合理的。用分峰所得的相对面积，结合~1H-NMR测得的值，建立了拉曼光谱PBD定量分析方法。用这一方法对27个不同微结构组成的PBD样品进行分析，所得结果与~1HNMR（高顺式样品与~(13)C-NMR、IR）比较，绝大部分样品一致性很好，最大偏差小于2%。本工作认为，用1666、1652和1639.5cm~(-1)碳双键伸缩振动吸收峰作为T、C和V构型特征峰进行定量分析，在理论上是合理的，在实际上是可行的。而且本方法直接使用固体样品，不经任何溶解和处理，所有计算处理在微机上即可实现，操作和计算都很方便。

1064nm RCE探测器光电响应特性分析

对1064nm谐振腔增强型（RCE）光电探测器（PD）的光电响应特性进行了分析研究．利用MBE生长技术得到有源区分别为量子阱和量子点的1064nm RCE探测器的外延片，并对制作的探测器进行了各种光电特性测试．结果表明量子阱结构的RCE探测器量子效率峰值达到57％，谱线半宽6～7nm，峰值波长1059nm；而量子点结构的RCE探测器量子效率峰值达到30％，谱线半宽5nm，峰值波长1056nm．通过分析量子效率和吸收系数之间的关系，对两种结构器件的吸收进行了比较，发现虽然量子点探测器的吸收小，但通过合理设计共振腔等方法也可以达到较高的量子效率．两种结构的器件都有很好的I-V特性．

Observation of the resonant Raman behavior of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes

The different resonant Raman scattering process of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been found between the Stokes and anti-Stokes sides of the radial breathing modes (RBMs), and this provides strong evidence that Raman spectra of some special diametric SWNTs are in resonance with their electronic transitions between the singularities in the one-dimensional electronic density of states in the valence and conduction bands, and other SWNTs axe beyond the resonant condition. Because of the coexistence of resonant and non-resonant Raman scattering processes for different diametric SWNTs, the relative intensity of each RBM does not reflect the proportion of a particular SWNT.