Comparison of the GEANT4 releases 8.2 and 9.2 in terms of a pCT reduced calibration curve

The GEANT4 simulations are essential for the development of medical tomography with proton beams pCT. In the case of thin absorbers the latest releases of GEANT4 generate very similar final spectra which agree well with the results of other popular Monte Carlo codes like TRIM/SRIM, or MCNPX. For thick absorbers, however, the disagreements became evident. In a part, these disagreements are due to the known contradictions in the NIST PSTAR and SRIM reference data. Therefore, it is interesting to compare the GEANT4 results with each other, with experiment, and with diverse code results in a reduced form, which is free from this kind of doubts. In this work such comparison is done within the Reduced Calibration Curve concept elaborated for the proton beam tomography. © 2010 IEEE.

Régime de croissance, vulnérabilité financière et protection sociale en Amérique latine. Les conditions "macro" de l'efficacité de la lutte contre la pauvreté

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Coordinación macro-fiscal en procesos de integración: experiencias y desarrollos posibles en Latinoamérica

Incluye Bibliografía

Las reformas sociales en acción: la perspectiva macro

Incluye Bibliografía

Aspectos macro e microeconômicos das reformas brasileiras

Incluye Bibliografía

Method for evaluating the significance of macro-economic variables in the analysis of technology incorporation decisions

Includes bibliography

Agricultural sector policy and macro-economic planning

Hace algunas observaciones respecto de los principales acontecimientos macroeconomicos en Trinidad y Tabago desde 1973, y procura insertar el desempeno del sector agricola en ese contexto.

Condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva e acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes no cultivo de crisântemo

The study of growth and uptake of nutrients is important to determine the times of increased demand in order to schedule the fertigation. The present research was developed with the objective of evaluating the effects of different levels of electrical conductivity on growth and accumulation of nutrients in chrysanthemum plants under greenhouse conditions. The electrical conductivity levels on the applied solution were 1.42, 1.65, 1.89, 2.13 and 2.36 dS m-1 (bud vegetative stage); 1.71, 1.97, 2.28, 2.57 and 2.85 dS m-1 (bud stage). The dry mass of the aerial portion of the plant and the contents of macronutrients and micronutrients were determined every 14 days. The nutrient accumulation in chrysanthemum plant showed similar trend as compared to dry matter accumulation. The nutrients presented the following order of absorption: K>N>Ca>Mg>P>S (1425, 892, 184, 150, 110 and 59 mg plant-1) and Fe>Zn>B>Mn>Cu (2254, 2219, 1725, 1287, 210 μg plant-1). The content of most nutrients increased with increase in electrical conductivity of the solution, without salt effect up to EC of 2.85 dS m-1.

The interplay of macro- and microeconomics

The statement starts with a balance of the 15-years period of the economic reforms occurred in the region, up to the Mexican financial crisis in 1995. The main lesson to be drawn from this period refers to the need of supplementing and reinforcing macro-economic policy, together with the application of public policy measures at the micro-, meso-, and institutional levels, in order to support productive modernization, the development of financial and labour markets and the establishment or strengthening of institutions which can help to create an environment conducive to development. Further on, the statement explains the strategies proposed by ECLAC for overcoming the obstacles to accelerated growth within a framework of stability, social equity and democracy. These refer to expanding gross domestic product, increasing productivity and providing more and better jobs. In order to achieve this goal it is necessary to ensure macroeconomic equilibria in its broader sense, raise the level of national saving and channel it into productive investment, as well as an accelerated and systematic incorporation of production and management techniques designed to raise productivity in a growing number of firms. In the last part, the statement refers to the situation of the United Nations and honors the memory of Dr. Raúl Prebisch, on the tenth anniversary of his death.

An integrated macro-model for the Caribbean subregion

Includes bibliography

Interacciones entre macro y microeconomía

La exposición se inicia con un balance de los quince años de reformas económicas transcurridos en la región hasta la crisis financiera mexicana de 1995. La principal enseñanza que puede obtenerse del período se refiere a la necesidad de complementar y reforzar la política macroeconómica con la aplicación de medidas de política pública a nivel microeconómico, mesoeconómico e institucional, para apoyar la modernización productiva, el desarrollo de los mercados financieros y laborales y la creación o consolidación de instituciones que contribuyan a crear un ambiente propicio al desarrollo. A continuación se exponen las principales orientaciones de la estrategia de desarrollo propuesta por la CEPAL, destinadas a superar los obstáculos que impiden acelerar el crecimiento, en un marco de estabilidad, equidad y democracia. Estas se refieren a los objetivos de expansión del producto, aumento de la productividad y generación de empleo. Para conseguirlos se plantea la necesidad de mantener los equilibrios macroeconómicos en su sentido amplio, de lograr un aumento del ahorro nacional y su canalización hacia inversiones productivas, y de obtener una acelerada y sistemática incorporación de técnicas de producción y de gestión tendientes a elevar la productividad de un número creciente de empresas. En la última parte se refiere a la situación de Naciones Unidas y rinde homenaje a la memoria de Raúl Prebisch, quien falleciera hace diez años.

Acerca de la conceptualización del comportamiento de la fecundidad en los modelos macro económico-demográficos

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Comportamento dinâmico não linear e controle de sistemas eletromecânicos em macro e micro escalas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aspiração folicular videolaparoscópica em ovinos: avaliação ovariana macro e microscópica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)