Videoclip e industrias culturales: una mirada a las apropiaciones de contenidos en la cultura mainstream en el siglo XXI

Los años finales de la década de los noventa y el inicio del nuevo siglo, marcan el final de la reproducción del videoclip en la televisión como mecanismo de la Industria Cultural para la reproducción y estrategia de comercialización de los grandes autores del formato audiovisual. Con el aparecimiento de canales IRC (Internet RelayChat), los mismos que consisten en un protocolo de comunicación entre dos o más usuarios, se da el inicio la experiencia de compartir contenidos de videos musicales en línea. Este fenómeno da pie al comienzo de la experiencia del videoclip en la web, el cual tiene un origen con la apropiación del consumidor que, por cuenta propia, digitaliza a sus artistas preferidos para compartirlos en distintos portales y organizar foros acerca de el debate del producto audiovisual que comparte junto con la posibilidad de un intercambio masivo en las redes, momento clave de reorganización de las lógicas de comercialización del formato y de la promoción de los grandes sellos discográficos en su afán de promulgar a los artistas que trabajan bajo su firma. Este proceso conlleva a que el video clip como suerte de consumo cultural, incorpore la experiencia sensitiva de la comunidad global a través de portales como You Tube, Blip TV o Vimeo, y produzca un fenómeno conocido como el fan video: el mismo que consiste en la capacidad de los consumidores de productos audiovisuales (fans) especializados en adaptar herramientas tecnológicas para re-visionar productos y promoverlos en distintas plataformas virtuales.

La interactividad de las redes sociales en el video online. Estudios de casos: TerraTV (Brasil), CaracolTV (Colombia) y Ecuavisa (Ecuador)

El fulgor de las redes sociales, Facebook y Twitter, en el año 2013 ha llevado a múltiples análisis investigativos en estudios de comunicación a nivel de maestría; debido, en más de una forma, a las victorias conseguidas en el plano de la interactividad comunicativa sustentadas en los principios de libertad humana, propios de la democracia. Al reconocer al sujeto como decidor, hablamos de la libertad para seleccionar, pertenecer, y participar, formando redes de afiliación y amistad basadas en las conexiones físicas. Así, busco conocer cuál es el grado de interactividad de las redes sociales en la difusión del video online. El inicio de la comunicación moderna impulsada por la prensa bajo un formato de oferta de información derivó en la aplicación de prácticas comunicacionales semejantes en el medio televisivo, pero cuando los medios iniciaron la producción de contenidos en la web, la lógica del emisor-canal-receptor se transformó hacia una bidireccionalidad múltiple. En este punto, a partir de un método cuantitativo, cuestiono el establecimiento de un diálogo con el usuario y entre usuarios generado por las publicaciones en Facebook y Twitter de cibermedios como TerraTV, CaracolTV y Ecuavisa, identificados por la distribución de contenido en formato de video on demand con carácter noticioso. Con el posicionamiento de internet en la esfera mediática la formación de las redes humanas físicas se virtualizaron, haciendo que cada uno de los nodos de la sociedad red ofrezca sus dosis de innovación al sistema, agregando valor e impulsando el capital social. Likes, fan pages, share, tuits, comentarios y clicks han llevado a todos los medios de comunicación a mantener conexiones con las redes sociales. En el caso de Ecuador, indago si Ecuavisa está empleando todas las potencialidades ofrecidas por la arquitectura de Facebook y Twitter para desarrollar una conversación entre sus fans. Con estudios de casos de 182 post y tuits producidos en Facebook y Twitter por los cibermedios seleccionados durante la elección del papa en marzo 2013, se compara el grado de adecuación a la interactividad en la difusión del video online, tras la implementación de un modelo de medición adaptado al test de dinamismo. CaracolTV se configura, entre los representantes de Brasil, Colombia y Ecuador, como el cibermedio con mayor grado de interactividad en una escala de 70 puntos.

Bahrain's Formula-1 racing circuit: energy and environmental considerations

The Bahrain International Circuit (BIC) and complex, at latitude 26.00N and longitude 51.54E, was built in 483 days and cost 150 million US$. The circuit consists of six different individual tracks with a 3.66 km outer track (involving 10 turns) and a 2.55 km inner track (having six turns). The complex has been designed to host a variety of other sporting activities. Fifty thousand spectators, including 10,500 in the main grandstand, can be accommodated simultaneously. State-of-the art on-site media and broadcast facilities are available. The noise level emitted from vehicles on the circuit during the Formula-1 event, on April 4th 2004, was acceptable and caused no physical disturbance to the fans in the VIP lounges or to scholars studying at the University of Bahrain's Shakeir Campus, which is only 1.5 km away from the circuit. The sound-intensity level (SIL) recorded on the balcony of the VIP lounge was 128 dB(A) and was 80 dB(A) inside the lounge. The calculated SIL immediately outside the lecture halls of the University of Bahrain was 70 dB(A) and 65 dB(A) within them. Thus racing at BIC can proceed without significantly disturbing the academic-learning process. The purchased electricity demand by the BIC complex peaked (at 4.5 MW) during the first Formula-1 event on April 4th 2004. The reverse-osmosis (RO) plant at the BIC provides 1000 m(3) of desalinated water per day for landscape irrigation. Renewable-energy inputs, (i.e., via solar and wind power), at the BIC could be harnessed to generate electricity for water desalination, air conditioning, lighting as well as for irrigation. If the covering of the BIC complex was covered by adhesively fixed modern photovoltaic cells, then similar to 1.2 MW of solar electricity could be generated. If two horizontal-axis, at 150 m height above the ground, three 75m bladed, wind turbines were to be installed at the BIC, then the output could reach 4 MW. Furthermore, if 10,000 Jojoba trees (a species renowned for having a low demand for water, needing only five irrigations per year in Bahrain and which remain green throughout the year) are planted near the circuit, then the local micro-climate would be improved with respect to human comfort as well as the local environment becoming cleaner.

The low-latitude boundary layer: Application of ISTP advances to past data

The destruction of the four Cluster craft was a major loss to the planned ISTP effort, of which studies of the magnetopause and low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) were an important part. While awaiting the re-flight mission, Cluster-II, we have been applying advances in our understanding made using other ISTP craft (like Polar and Wind) and using ground-based facilities (in particular the EISCAT incoherent scatter radars and the SuperDARN HF coherent radars) to measurements of the LLBL made in 1984 and 1985 by the AMPTE-UKS and -IRM spacecraft pair. In particular, one unexplained result of the AMPTE mission was that the electron characteristics could, in nearly all cases, order independent measurements near the magnetopause, such as the magnetic field, ion temperatures and the plasma flow. Studies of the cusp have shown that the precipitation is ordered by the time-elapsed since the field line was opened by reconnection. This insight has allowed us to reanalyse the AMPTE data and show that the ordering by the transition parameter is also due to the variation of time elapsed since reconnection, with the important implication that reconnection usually coats most of the dayside magnetopause with at least some newly-opened field lines. In addition, we can use the electron characteristics to isolate features like RDs, slow-mode shocks and slow-mode expansion fans. The ion characteristics can be used to compute the reconnection rate. We here retrospectively apply these new techniques, developed in the ISTP era, to a much-studied flux transfer event observed by the AMPTE satellites. As a result, we gain new understanding of its cause and structure.

Evolution of a rift basin dominated by subaerial deposits: The Guaritas Rift, Early Cambrian, Southern Brazil

Most existing models for the evolution of rift basins predict the development of deep-water depositional systems during the stage of greatest tectonic subsidence, when accommodation generation potentially outpaces sedimentation. Despite this, some rift basins do not present deep-water systems, instead being dominated by subaerial deposits. This paper focuses on one of these particular rift basins, the Cambrian Guaritas Rift, Southern Brazil, characterized by more than 1500 m of alluvial and aeolian strata deposited in a 50-km-wide basin. The deposits of the Guaritas Rift can be ascribed to four depositional systems: basin-border alluvial fans, bedload-dominated ephemeral rivers, mixed-load ephemeral rivers and aeolian dune fields. These four systems are in part coeval and in part succeed each other, forming three stages of basin evolution: (i) Rift Initiation to Early Rift Climax stage, (ii) Mid to Late Rift Climax stage, and (iii) Early Post-Rift stage. The first stage comprises most of the Guaritas Group and is characterized by homogeneous bed-load-dominated river deposits, which do not clearly record the evolution of subsidence rates. The onset of sedimentation of finer-grained deposits occurred as a consequence of a reactivation event that changed the outline of the basin and the distribution of the nearby highlands. This strongly suggests that the capture of the main river system to another depression decreased the sediment supply to the basin. The study of the Guaritas Rift indicates that rift basins in which the sediment supply exceeds the accommodation generation occur as a consequence of moderate subsidence combined with the capture of a major river system to the basin during the initial stages of basin evolution. In these basins, changes in the average discharge of the river system or tectonic modification of the drainage network may be the major control on the stratigraphic architecture. (c) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Lost in mistranslation : A case study of Japanese TV-drama fansubs

「Fansubs」というのはファンが翻訳した字幕のことである。
 本稿では日本のテレビドラマの「Fansubs」の特徴を調べる為、3つのテレビドラマの日本 語の台詞と、ファンが作った字幕を比べている。原文のテキストが翻訳と字幕制作でどの ように変わったかを情報の増減や誤訳など9つのカテゴリーに分類し、字幕テキストを 分析した。作成したのがプロの翻訳者ではなく、または非常に短期間で作成されたこの 「Fansubs」は、公式のテレビやDVDの字幕よりも誤訳などのエラーが非常に多いことが分 かった。 

Fan Culture as an Informal Learning Environment : Presentation of a NGL project

Fan culture is a subculture that has developed explosively on the internet over the last decades. Fans are creating their own films, translations, fiction, fan art, blogs, role play and also various forms that are all based on familiar popular culture creations like TV-series, bestsellers, anime, manga stories and games. In our project, we analyze two of these subculture genres, fan fiction and scanlation. Amateurs, and sometimes professional writers, create new stories by adapting and developing existing storylines and characters from the original. In this way, a "network" of texts occurs, and writers step into an intertextual dialogue with established writers such as JK Rowling (Harry Potter) and Stephanie Meyer (Twilight). Literary reception and creation then merge into a rich reciprocal creative activity which includes comments and feedback from the participators in the community. The critical attitude of the fans regarding quality and the frustration at waiting for the official translation of manga books led to the development of scanlation, which is an amateur translation of manga distributed on the internet.  Today, young internet users get involved in conceptual discussions of intertextuality and narrative structures through fan activity. In the case of scanlation, the scanlators practice the skills and techniques of translating in an informal environment. This phenomenon of participatory culture has been observed by scholars and it is concluded that they contribute to the development of a student’s literacy and foreign language skills. Furthermore, there is no doubt that the fandom related to Japanese cultural products such as manga, anime and videogames is one of the strong motives for foreign students to start learning Japanese. This is something to take into pedagogical consideration when we develop web-based courses. Fan fiction and fan culture make it ​​possible to have an intensive transcultural dialogue between participators throughout the world and is of great interest when studying the interaction between formal and informal learning that puts the student in focus

K-pop : Diskurs och konsumtion i koreansk populärmusik 1996 – 2015

Denna uppsats undersöker koreansk populärmusiks explosiva framfart från slutet av 1990-talet och framåt. Den försöker svara på vad K-pop och dess idoler mer specifikt har representerat och erbjudit fans att konsumera och koppla detta till dess växande popularitet i ett historiskt perspektiv. Vidare försöker uppsatsen svara på varför K-pop gradvis har vuxit markant från slutet av 2000-talet i perifera regioner som Sverige. Uppsatsen analyserar ett urval av idolers representation i olika medier och källor som behandlar hur svenska fans förhåller sig till K-pop. Resultaten visar att idoler historiskt och med tid mer frekvent medverkat i många olika medieformat där de byggt upp en performativ image i relation till den rådande diskursen som en form av skådespeleri. Samtidigt har de idoler som följt kopierat originalkonceptet till det yttersta, vilket då också inbegriper plastkirurgi. Detta har resulterat i en ökning av ofta oskiljbara men visuellt vackra idoler. För många fans så ligger här en stor del av attraktionen; möjligheten att konstruera sin egen avgränsade konception av idoler för att fylla olika behov. För svenska fans så verkar det som att detta likaså är en del av anledning till dess växande popularitet när gränsen mellan det verkliga och fiktiva suddas ut. Det är också en möjlighet att anamma ett annat figurativt universum där exotiska idoler i sin allomfattande roll fritt kan konsumeras inom K-pop diskursen.

O consumo público de eventos esportivos: um olhar para além dos estádios de futebol

O presente estudo investigou o consumo público de eventos esportivos ao vivo dentro e fora do âmbito dos estádios. O objetivo principal do estudo foi determinar se o fã (torcedor), percebe uma relação de substituição ou de complementaridade entre as atitudes favoráveis ao comparecimento ao estádio ou a outros locais públicos para assistir a jogos de futebol. Adicionalmente, o estudo objetivou a investigação da influência da identificação do fã do esporte (torcedor) com seu time na atitude e consumo público do espetáculo do futebol no estádio ou em outros locais públicos; bem como se as características demográficas (gênero e faixa etária) exercem algum tipo de efeito moderador sobre as relações estudadas. Para abordar estes temas buscou-se referência na SIT – Social Identity Theory e na SCT – Self- Categorization Theory. Foi realizado um levantamento (survey), envolvendo torcedores dos 4 times cariocas de maior torcida, mediante entrevistas estruturadas assistidas. A amostra foi intencional e de conveniência e a coleta de dados totalizou 507 questionários válidos. A análise dos dados foi realizada em duas etapas. A primeira contemplando uma análise fatorial exploratória, que objetivou a observação preliminar da qualidade das escalas. A segunda etapa contemplou uma análise fatorial confirmatória com o objetivo de purificar as escalas. Foram avaliadas a confiabilidade e a validade convergente, discriminante e nomológica dos construtos. Para testar as hipóteses substantivas do estudo utilizou-se a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais e a análise de multigrupos. Os resultados da análise permitiram suportar empiricamente três das cinco hipóteses substantivas. Os resultados sugerem que (a) A identificação do fã com o time exerce influência positiva sobre a atitude em relação a assistir a jogos no estádio; (b) A atitude favorável do torcedor em relação ao estádio exerce influência positiva sobre o comparecimento ao estádio; e (c) A atitude favorável do torcedor em relação a locais públicos exerce influência positiva sobre o comparecimento a locais públicos. Todavia, não foi possível suportar integralmente as hipóteses de que (d) A identificação do fã com o time exerce influência sobre a atitude em relação a locais públicos; e (e) A atitude do torcedor em relação ao estádio exerce influência sobre a atitude em relação a locais públicos. Também não foram suportados os efeitos de moderação do gênero e faixa etária.

Content marketing and brand engagement on social media: a study of Facebook´s posts in the ecommerce industry in Brazil

Content marketing refers to marketing format that involves the creation and sharing of media and publishing content in order to acquire customers. It is focused not on selling, but on communicating with customers and prospects. In today world´s, a trend has been seen in brands becoming publishers in order to keep up with their competition and more importantly to keep their base of fans and followers. Content Marketing is making companies to engage consumers by publishing engaging and value-filled content. This study aims to investigate if there is a link between brand engagement and Facebook Content Marketing practices in the e-commerce industry in Brazil. Based on the literature review, this study defines brand engagement on Facebook as the numbers of "likes" "comments" and "shares" that a company receives from its fans. These actions reflect the popularity of the brand post and leads to engagement. The author defines a scale where levels of Content Marketing practices are developed in order to analyze brand posts on Facebook of an ecommerce company in Brazil. The findings reveal that the most important criterion for the company is the one regarding the picture of the post, where it examines whether the photo content is appealing to the audience. Moreover, it was perceived that the higher the level of these criterion in a post, the greater the number of likes, comments and shares the post receives. The time when a post is published does not present a significant role in determining customer engagement and the most important factor within a publication is to reach the maximum level in the Content Marketing Scale.

Characterization of heat waves affecting mortality rates of broilers between 29 days and market age

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A Cabana Umbamdista Pai Joaquim de Angola: frente a intolerância a Umbanda na Cidade do Natal/RN

This dissertation presents an attempt to register the initial steps of african-Brazilian religion Umbanda in the city of Natal, capital of Rio Grande do Norte, from a case study of Cabana Umbanda Pai Joaquim de Angola, represented by its maintainer, umbanda of the priest José Clementino. The main objective is to record the memories of fans in aspects of its tradition, experience social and cultural religious building, in an attempt to show the religious hatred with practitioners of Umbanda. Used to: in audio recordings of festivals and rituals, narratives about the memories and stories of employees and their explanations, photographs, diary entries in the field, participant observation and interviews available. The analysis referred to in umbanda Natal / RN, was based on field research as a product of the visits that took place between the years 2006 to 2009 in Terreiro de Umbanda Pai Joaquim de Angola, located in the neighborhood of Rocas.