Fundamentos das políticas de ação afirmativa etnicorracial no ensino superior

This article aims to contextualize the educational affirmative action policies for ethnic racial groups in Brazilian legal system, present the main philosophical fundamentals that support these educational policies and discuss the validity of those fundamentals. In the legal context, the principle of substantive equality and the fundamental objectives of the Federative Republic of Brazil, positivised in the Constitution of 1988, as well as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, allow the implementation of these policies. The philosophical fundamentals presented in this article are the thesis of compensatory justice and the thesis of distributive justice. The thesis of distributive justice has been refuted by logical legal arguments and by analysis of the right to higher education positivised in the Constitution. The thesis of compensatory justice has been considered a valid argument to support affirmative action policies, due to historical facts and sociological factors existing in the Brazilian context. It is concluded that the affirmative action policies for ethnic racial groups should be part of the Brazilian social policies, but these affirmative action policies should not invade the context of higher education, since the intended purposes are unrelated to this.

Reflexão sobre pesquisa colaborativa: articulações escola e universidade (Ciência do Sistema Terra, Currículo e Formação de Professores)

This work was born from public presentation done during 8th Meeting in High Level Education Program at University Moura Lacerda, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, in October 2012. That time showed up theoretical hypothesis of teacher education done by a collaborative research group of teachers and researchers and main results for Pedagogy course and students of basic levels. This paper intends to show up the findings of researches done by group of studies for Earth System Science and teacher education. The aim is to think about curriculum politics and teacher education from teachers’ practices, researches and studies on high school level. Moreover, we show up theoretical fundamentals which guide our actions and think. After we treat of organization, results and curricular innovations guided by Earth System Science and how that changes the view of nature of teachers and students. Qualitative methods of research help to describe curricular processes collectively done together with teachers of public schools. Our findings show up that teacher education must be a long, collective and interactive process to prepare high level teachers and researchers for teaching and teacher education.

Ensino de literatura: possível humanização do indivíduo no contexto da atual sociedade

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Geografia e novas tecnologias: o centro integrado de alertas de desastres naturais (CIADEN) como proposta de prática pedagógica para o ciclo I do ensino fundamental

This research work aims to analyze and understand the teaching of geography in the perspective of historical and critical pedagogy, with the object of analysis, the Center for Integrated Natural Disaster Alerts (CIADEN) for students in Cycle I of the Elementary School, located in Etec “Astor de Mattos Carvalho”, in Cabrália Paulista-SP. Deepening the knowledge of geography teaching in a critical and controversial about the bad weather and the use of new technologies to transform the social order and its relationship with the environment. Contributing to the students and the community have a new proposal for action from the content learned, capable of solving the present and future with respect to weather, climate and natural disasters. To implement a culture of prevention and risk perception, providing the diffusion of knowledge socially useful

O desenvolvimento de habilidades argumentativas no ensino médio: perspectiva a partir de um minicurso investigativo com base na história da ciência

The performance of investigative activities with lessons in teaching Science and Chemistry has promoted meaningful learning of scientific knowledge. This study aimed to develop the links between higher education for research and skills argumentative, aimed at building the scientific concept on combustion of the candle in a closed container, for students from two classes of 3rd year of high school, two city schools Bauru, São Paulo. We decided to do a short course investigative, to respond argumentative skills which are developed during the minicourse using investigative activities, knowledge from the history and philosophy of science. The results were gathered from analysis of video recordings of episodes of the short course in both the groups, to produce a higher rate of use of argumentative skill, which were classified into categories according to the prior knowledge of the subject, 'factual knowledge' , 'understanding of concepts' and 'reasoning and analysis.' From the information obtained, it was found that both the teachers and the students were consistent in their actions, and that the activity of reasoning is key to learning. Thus, one can realize that knowledge is not acquired all at the same time, each individual depends on the mediation of the teacher in order to reach different design more appropriate teaching and investigative linked with the argument can be the key tool to acquire this knowledge

O ensino de Física e os museus de ciência

Based on the ideas of Gaspar and Marandino, discuss the teaching of physics through Museums and Science Centers, drawing on ideas such as: Scientific Literacy, Informal Education and Zone of Proximal Development. We visited and analyzed the museums: Museum of Energy Rio Claro - Mill Park Corumbataí, Catavento Culture and Education - Social Organization of Culture, Centre for Scientific and Cultural (CDCC) and Studies Center of the Universe - CEU. Point out elements of these museums that benefit the formal teaching of physics in schools, as well as positive elements of schooling that maximize the experience of museum visits

Modelos Matemáticos e Computacionais no Manejo Integrado de Pragas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O casamento entre o ensino religioso e as teses pós-modernas

This paper aims to base the thesis that the varied currents of the post-modern thought, in so far as have recourse to relativism to a greater or lesser degree, contribute to the legitimation of the religious education in public schools and, in a broader aspect, the religion in the public spaces. The methodological resource used to demonstrate the link between post-modern thought and religious education is the analysis at the historical and dialectical materialism perspective of publications produced to increase teachers on this discipline that is, in compliance with the Constitution, optional for students and mandatory for public elementary schools. The subject of this analysis is the learning content and has as prime concern to highlight the discourse of legitimation recurrent in authors when it is explicit in itself and explicit when it does not. The “religious education in public schools” as object of study allows us to understand the relationship between the post-modern thought, with its hegemony space within the human sciences and contextualized in the neoliberal economic environment, and the “learning to learn” pedagogies currently hegemonic in the educational landscape. We intend to contribute to the legal debate on laity, the philosophical debate on post-modernism and especially to the debate on the pedagogical theories in the educational fundaments.

A formação de professores para o ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais da escolarização: reflexões e perspectivas para a exploração da natureza da ciência

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar e discutir aspectos da formação de professores para o ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais da escolarização, focalizando abordagens que podem ser contempladas nos processos formativos para uma adequada compreensão da natureza da ciência. Desenvolvemos um estudo teórico, a partir da literatura científica, apresentando e discutindo algumas propostas: trabalhar a história e filosofia da ciência; inserir práticas diversificadas como a experimentação em uma abordagem investigativa; explorar a relação CTSA; usar diferentes fontes para estudo, preparação das aulas e seleção de atividades. Entendemos que trabalhar nesse sentido pode contribuir para a valorização da área de Ciências por parte dos professores em formação e para o enriquecimento da prática educativa com as crianças.

Elaboração de um material didático aplicado ao ensino de física para utilização do experimento virtual da dupla fenda

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

História da ciência no ensino de Física: um estudo sobre o ensino de atração gravitacional desenvolvido com futuros professores

We report here some outcomes of a research related to a didactical experience aiming to integrate the History of Science to the Physics Teaching, taking as background the historical development of the gravitational attraction. The research, of qualitative approach, is a case study and it was carried out in a sample of eleven students belonging to an undergraduate physics program (called licenciatura in Brazil) designed to from High School physics teachers in a São Paulo State Public University. We tried initially to reveal prospective teachers’ conceptions in order to provide a prepare that was used to guide the activities from the reality’s diagnosis. The aim was to promote discussions on the existence and persistence of alternative conceptions, on the historical evolution of the subject gravitational attraction, through readings and debates of texts contemplating recent subjects on the Science Education research, in order to generate dissatisfaction with traditional teaching models. The future High School physics teachers were asked to construct their own teaching proposal, through the development, in real situations, in a High School, of a minicourse based on: debates and synthesis developed in University classroom, the History of the Science and the student’s alternative conceptions. In this paper we will analyze future teachers’ alternative conceptions, the development of the course proposed, and details of the mini-courses taught by the prospective teachers in real situations, among High School students, its coherence and the posture changes observed in them.

Programa ReAção: uma análise das contribuições de uma pesquisa colaborativa com professores para a melhoria do ensino de ciências

The teaching of Science is one great challenge not only for educators but also for researchers in our country. In a globalized world where the social foundations, cultural and economic depend fundamentally on science and technology, science education is a basic requirement for the exercise of citizenship. Multiple initiatives have been taken to improve the quality of teaching of science practiced in our schools: the ReAction Program is the result of a set of actions developed by a public educational policy that invests in improving the Teaching of Science the elementary school. In this work, we present a history of this program and the search on the contribution and the actions developed, the collaborative research with a group of teachers-multiplier, and the evaluation of the teaching of science, measured from notes, frequency and speech teacher.

Projeto de extensão FUTFEB

Introdução: O Projeto de Extensão FutFEB procura estimular o interesse dos alunos do ensino médio, técnico e fundamental para seguirem carreira nas áreas de engenharia e ciência da computação. Para isso são utilizados robôs móveis simples em conjunto com material didático e audiovisual para despertar de forma lúdica, através de palestras e demonstrações práticas, o interesse dos jovens para os desafios e atrativos das carreiras tecnológicas. Essas atividades são desenvolvidas por alunos do Colégio Técnico Industrial e da Faculdade de Engenharia do Campus de Bauru. Objetivos: Propiciar condições para que os alunos do Colégio Técnico Industrial e da Faculdade de Engenharia desenvolvam atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento sobre robôs móveis autônomos funcionando como complemento e estímulo a sua formação acadêmica nas áreas de engenharia elétrica, mecânica, e computação. Assim, espera-se a criação da cultura e de um ambiente propícios para desenvolvimento de pesquisas e de inovação tecnológica, que ajudem a consolidar os Cursos Técnicos, de Graduação e PósGraduação da FEB. Métodos: O uso de robôs móveis em cursos de engenharia ou cursos visando o desenvolvimento tecnológico não é uma novidade. Inúmeros experimentos são relatados na literatura, sendo que esta abordagem tem se tornado quase que uma obrigatoriedade nos cursos de boa qualidade [Hoopes, 2003], [Martin, 1994], [Miglino, 1998]. Um dos pilares desta nova linha de ensino tecnológico é o trabalho desenvolvido por Resnick no MIT [Kafai & Resnick, 1996] que é parte importante do conhecido Projeto LEGO Mindstorms. Esta perspectiva altera significativamente o posicionamento do estudante, dando-lhe maturidade profissional e responsabilidade. Com isso espera-se formar um profissional mais capacitado tanto no aspecto de fundamentos e conceitos técnicos, como na capacidade de empreender e inovar. Também existe a expectativa de que muitos dos trabalhos desenvolvidos sejam transformados em projetos de Iniciação Científica. Resultados: toda a tecnologia utilizada no conceito Futebol de Robôs continua sendo desenvolvida e aprimorada, diversos trabalhos científicos de ponta podem ser encontrados na literatura recente, trabalhos que abordam entre outros temas, o problema da navegação autônoma dos robôs móveis. Apresenta-se a seguir trabalhos de alunos vinculados ao Projeto de Extensão FutFEB, submetidos ao Congresso de Iniciação Científica da UNESP - 2011.- Software de Mapeamento para Navegação de Robôs Móveis Autônomos.- Sensoriamento por Infra-Vermelho para Robôs Móveis Autônomos.- Sensoriamento por Ultra-Som para Robôs Móveis Autônomos.- Segmentação de Imagens Coloridas para Reconhecimento de Objetos.- Algoritmos de Subtração de Plano de Fundo em Frames de Vídeo.

Futuros Matemáticos e suas concepções sobre o conhecimento matemático e seu ensino

Taking referential theoretical conceptions of mathematical knowledge present in some of the main mathematics philosophical currents and considering that the teacher´s practice is influenced by his conception of mathematical knowledge, this research aims to understand the conceptions of mathematical knowledge and its teaching and learning teaching of future mathematicians. It follows a qualitative approach (case study) in which the data were collected by semi-structured interviews and document analysis. This investigation has pointed out that Mathematics together with Mathematics Teaching (or part of this: on the didactic and pedagogical knowledge of how to teach) could be important to formation of the future mathematician, who will probably teach in a college or university.