A PESQUISA ACAD��MICA SOBRE COMUNICA����O POPULAR, ALTERNATIVA E COMUNIT��RIA NO BRASIL: an��lise de disserta����es e teses produzidas em Programas de P��s-Gradua����o em Comunica����o entre 1972 - 2012

Mapeamento das disserta����es e teses referentes �� sub��rea da comunica����o popular, alternativa e comunit��ria (CPAC) desenvolvidas nos Programas de P��s-Gradua����o em Comunica����o stricto sensu no Brasil, de 1972 a 2012. Dentre os objetivos est��o localizar as pesquisas; os autores; sua distribui����o no tempo e espa��o; identificar as institui����es e orientadores que impulsionam a sub��rea; definir as abordagens te��rico-metodol��gicas; e apontar autores/conceitos refer��ncia. Por meio de pesquisa explorat��ria e aplica����o de quatro filtros, chegou-se a uma amostra final de 102 pesquisas, 87 disserta����es e 15 teses, submetidas �� an��lise quantitativa, por meio de An��lise de Conte��do a partir de partes pr��-definidas (Resumo, Palavras chave, Introdu����o, Sum��rio, Considera����es Finais e cap��tulo metodol��gico, quando presente), e a uma an��lise qualitativa do conte��do completo das 15 teses. O m��todo que orienta esta pesquisa �� o hist��rico dial��tico, na perspectiva da busca de uma an��lise de conjunto e atenta ��s contradi����es e mudan��as que o objeto est�� implicado; e a pesquisa bibliogr��fica que a fundamenta se ancora em autores como Jorge Gonz��lez, Cicilia Peruzzo, Regina Festa, Pedro Gilberto Gomes, Gilberto Gim��nez e Augusto Trivi��os e foi realizada com o apoio do software NVivo. Resultados quantitativos indicam: a) predomin��ncia de pesquisas sobre comunica����o comunit��ria (68%) b) predomin��ncia de estudos emp��ricos (79%); c) a variedade de denomina����es atribu��das ��s experi��ncias pelos pesquisadores; d) a constante luta das classes populares por democratiza����o da comunica����o e por direitos sociais ao longo dos anos; e) a influ��ncia e import��ncia dos intelectuais org��nicos nas experi��ncias estudadas, f) problemas metodol��gicos; g) UMESP, USP e UFRJ como institui����es protagonistas, e, h) Cicilia Peruzzo e Raquel Paiva como as que mais orientam teses e disserta����es sobre a tem��tica. Quanto �� an��lise qualitativa verificaram-se alguns crit��rios que permeiam a CPAC: 1) a defini����o de classes subalternas; 2) a import��ncia da participa����o ativa das comunidades nos processos de comunica����o; e 3) formas, conte��dos e objetivos que se complementam e d��o identidade ��s experi��ncias

Efeitos liter��rios e n��veis de pertin��ncia: o papel da literatura na obra Anatomia de um instante, de Javier Cercas

Esta disserta����o consiste em um estudo sobre os efeitos de sentido causados pelas obras liter��rias sob a ��tica da semi��tica greimasiana. O corpus analisado mais detidamente �� a obra Anatomia de um romance, de Javier Cercas; tamb��m s��o analisados para compara����o parte das obras 23-F: El golpe del Cesid, de Jes��s Palacios, e Os tr��s mosqueteiros, de Alexandre Dumas. Come��ando por uma reflex��o sobre o objeto liter��rio a partir do ponto de vista de uma metalinguagem n��o-cient��fica, criou-se uma ponte entre a metalinguagem n��ocient��fica e a metalinguagem cient��fica da semi��tica greimasiana, tendo como base os conceitos desenvolvidos nos dois dicion��rios de semi��tica. Os conceitos foram complementados pelo desenvolvimento de uma linha recente da semi��tica, os n��veis de pertin��ncia. O corpus foi analisado conforme os n��veis de pertin��ncia, principalmente os n��veis do texto enunciado, objeto, pr��tica e estrat��gia. O efeito de sentido liter��rio ser�� considerado como dependente de diferentes n��veis de pertin��ncia e de forma gradual, podendo uma obra se estabelecer como mais ou menos liter��ria dentro de um continuum.

Perce����o dos educadores sobre as potencialidades do livro de literatura para a inf��ncia

Tese de doutoramento, Educa����o (Psicologia da Educa����o), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educa����o, 2016

Teses dos Programas de P��s-Gradua����o em Ci��ncia da Informa����o n��veis seis na CAPES em rela����o ��s linhas de pesquisa

Estudo de natureza descritiva que utilizou como instrumento metodol��gico a an��lise documental. O artigo teve como finalidade estudar as teses de doutorado dos Programas de P��s-Gradua����o em Ci��ncia da Informa����o (PPGsCI) n��vel seis na CAPES em rela����o as suas linhas de pesquisa, no tri��nio 2010-2012. Obteve-se como resultado, os PPGsCI da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) e o da Universidade Estadual Paulista ���J��lio de Mesquita Filho��� (UNESP). O universo de estudo foi composto por 52 teses. Para procedimentos de an��lise tem��tica utilizou-se o Tesauro Brasileiro de Ci��ncia da Informa����o. As tem��ticas identificadas nas teses refletem as caracter��sticas e os objetivos propostos na descri����o das linhas de pesquisa dos dois programas. Palavras-chave: Produ����o cient��fica. Comunica����o cient��fica. Literatura Cinzenta. Tesauros.

O cinema como recurso pedag��gico na aula de hist��ria

Este estudo pretendeu pesquisar acerca da influ��ncia do cinema hist��rico de fic����o na constru����o do conhecimento hist��rico de alunos de Hist��ria A do Ensino Secund��rio. Foi realizado com uma turma do 10�� ano de escolaridade de 20 alunos e foi antecedido de um estudo pr��vio. O trabalho baseou-se no visionamento do filme "O Gladiador" e na realiza����o de fichas de trabalho: a "Ficha de Enquadramento Hist��rico do Filme", para contextualizar a ��poca hist��rica em que decorria o filme; a "Ficha de An��lise do Filme���, para recolha de dados e finalmente a "Ficha de Trabalho de Compara����o entre Fontes Hist��ricas e o Filme". As respostas fornecidas pelos alunos foram organizadas em categorias. Para as perguntas que pediam uma resposta mais directa e simples foram criadas tr��s categorias: b��sica prim��ria, b��sica secund��ria e defini����o elaborada. Para as perguntas que exigiam uma resposta mais complexa criaram-se cinco categorias: incoerente, b��sica prim��ria, b��sica secund��ria, defini����o emergente e defini����o elaborada. As principais conclus��es foram: a) o cinema de fic����o desempenha um importante contributo na constru����o do conhecimento hist��rico dos alunos do ensino secund��rio; b) o visionamento de filmes de fic����o na aula de Hist��ria deve ser acompanhado com o confronto de fontes hist��ricas para os alunos distinguirem fic����o de conhecimento hist��rico; c) o cinema desempenha um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento das compet��ncias espec��ficas de Hist��ria do Ensino Secund��rio e do esp��rito cr��tico dos alunos; entre outras. / ABSTRACT: This study aimed to understand the influence of historical fiction movies in historical knowledge of students in History of Secondary Education. The study was conducted with a group of 20 students of the 1O th grade and was preceded by a preliminary study. The work was based on viewing the film Gladiator and on worksheets: A "Historical Background" to contextualize the historical era of the movie, the "The analysis of the Movie" to collect data and finally the ���Comparison of Historical Sources and movie��� worksheet to analyze distinguish fiction from historical knowledge. The responses given by students were categorized: for questions that asked for a more direct and simple answer were created three categories: Basic; Primary; Definition elaborated. For questions requiring a more complex answer were created five categories Incoherent; Basic; Primary; Emergent and Elaborated. The main conclusions were: a) the film fiction has an important contribution to historical knowledge of secondary school students, b) using films in history lessons should be accompanied with a comparison of historical sources for students to distinguish fiction from historical knowledge, c) the film plays an important role in the development of specific skills for the History of Secondary Education and the students' critical thinking, among others.

Incidente em Antares e O c��o e Os caluandas : Literatura brasileira e angolana na perspectiva da s��tira menipeia

Esta pesquisa estuda Incidente em Antares, de Erico Ver��ssimo, e O c��o e os caluandas, de Pepetela, na perspectiva da s��tira menipeia. Para al��m da biografia dos autores, busca-se discutir as origens do g��nero da menipeia, recuperando o seu mais importante representante - Luciano de Sam��sata. ��, por��m, sob a teoria de Mikhail Bakhtin que se analisam as obras dos escritores brasileiro e angolano. Quer-se verificar a presen��a de espec��ficas caracter��sticas da s��tira menipeia, as quais s��o o carnaval e o riso ritual, a par��dia, a liberdade imaginativa, o fant��stico e seus desdobramentos, as cenas exc��ntricas, os contrastes, a polifonia, a utiliza����o de g��neros intercalados e a chamada publisc��stica atualizada. No ��ltimo cap��tulo h�� uma observa����o sociol��gica das obras, o que permite pens��-las como um retrato das sociedades a que os autores se referem. ABSTRACT: This research studies Incidente em Antares, by Erico Ver��ssimo, and O c��o e os caluandas, by Pepetela, in the perspective of the menippean sati.re. Besides de authors' biography, it tries to discuss the origin of the genre, recovering its most important representative - Luciano de Samosata. However, the search analyses the works of the Brazilian and Angolan writers upon the theory of Mikhail Bakhtin. lt intends to verify the presence of the specific characteristics of the menippean satire, which are: carnival and the ritual Iaughting, parody, imaginative freedom, the fantastic and its unfolding, eccentric scenes, contrasts, polyphony, intercalary genres and the up-to-date publiscistic. ln the last chapter there is a sociologic observation concerning the works, which allow thinking about them as a portrait of the societies that the authors want to discuss.

Recent Italian cinema : spaces, contexts, experiences

The book is an in-depth view of recent Italian cinema - bringing an interdisciplinary knowledge to the study of a complex cinema industry. The book aims to address a number of questions about Italian cinema of the last twenty years, bringing interdisciplinary knowledge to a cinema that eschews traditional definitions and categories, and challenges critical assumption about a film industry that is struggling to find a new direction. In doing so, Recent Italian Cinema offers a transverse analysis of the Italian cinema industry in its dealings with national and international production, and of the themes and issues that have emerged in films produced during the period 1980-2006.

Australasian horror special issue editorial : putting Australian and New Zealand horror movies on the map of cinema studies

This Australasian horror special issue is an important step forward in putting Australian and New Zealand horror movies on the map of film and cinema studies as a subject worthy of intellectual debate. The journal issue is the first devoted solely to the academic discussion of Australasian horror movies. While an Australian horror movie tradition has produced numerous titles since the 1970s achieving commercial success and cult popularity worldwide, the horror genre is largely missing from Australian film history. While there have been occasional essays on standout titles such as Wolf Creek (Mclean, 2005), an increasing number of articles on ���Ozploitation��� movies, and irregular discussion about Australian Gothic, overall the nature of Australian horror as a genre remains poorly understood. In terms of New Zealand, debate has tended to revolve around ���Kiwi Gothic��� and of course Peter Jackon���s early splatter films, rather than Kiwi horror as a specific filmmaking tradition.

A new definition for today���s Chinese independent cinema

Different terminologies have been used to characterize the Chinese independent cinema in the 1990s. These definitions focus on the experimental practices outside the official production system and independent of official ideology. The film industry has had distinctive development since the entry of WTO in 2001. Private investors have played essential role in cinematic economy; strict censorship has been obviously relaxed; the film industry is being divided into two opposing extremes. Thus, it is necessary to give a new definition of the Chinese independent cinema. The definition of independent cinema in today China I suggest in the light of American independence is that any film that has not been financed, produced and distributed by majors is independent. At least four corporations are majors in the Chinese film industry. They are China Film Group Corporation, Huayi Brothers Corporation, PolyBona Film Distribution Corporation and Shanghai Film Group Corporation. Except the four majors, all the other film production or distribution companies are independents.

Towards an understanding of Australian genre cinema and entertainment : beyond the limitations of ���Ozploitation��� discourse

While Australian cinema has produced popular movie genres since the 1970s, including action/adventure, road movies, crime, and horror movies, genre cinema has occupied a precarious position within a subsidised national cinema and has been largely written out of film history. In recent years the documentary Not Quite Hollywood (2008) has brought Australia���s genre movie heritage from the 1970s and 1980s back to the attention of cinephiles, critics and cult audiences worldwide. Since its release, the term ���Ozploitation��� has become synonymous with Australian genre movies. In the absence of discussion about genre cinema within film studies, Ozploitation (and ���paracinema��� as a theoretical lens) has emerged as a critical framework to fill this void as a de facto approach to genre and a conceptual framework for understanding Australian genres movies. However, although the Ozploitation brand has been extremely successful in raising the awareness of local genre flicks, Ozploitation discourse poses problems for film studies, and its utility is limited for the study of Australian genre movies. This paper argues that Ozploitation limits analysis of genre movies to the narrow confines of exploitation or trash cinema and obscures more important discussion of how Australian cinema engages with popular movies genres, the idea of Australian filmmaking as entertainment, and the dynamics of commercial filmmaking practises more generally.

Generation next : post-cinema Australian moviemaking, innovation and implications for cultural policy

The Australian screen industries are a leading domestic creative industry sector at a crossroad. New production, distribution and exhibition technologies are challenging traditional models of ���filmmaking���. For the screen industries to remain competitive they must renovate business models for an emerging marketplace. This paper is a preliminary examination of three key aspects of next generation filmmaking: post-cinema approaches to screen production, emerging production and business models, and issues for policy.

Film, cinema, screen

Screen industries around the globe are evolving. While technological change has been slower to take effect upon the Australian film industry than other creative sectors such as music and publishing, all indications suggest that local screen practices are in a process of fundamental change. Fragmenting audiences, the growth of digital video, distribution and exhibition, the potential for entirely new forms of cultural expression, the proliferation of multi-platforms, and the importance of social networking and viral marketing in promoting products, are challenging traditional approaches to ���film making���. Moreover, there has been a marked transition in government policy rationales and funding models in recent years, resulting in the most significant overhaul of public finance structures for the film industry in almost 20 years. Film, Cinema, Screen evaluates the Australian film industry���s recent development ��� particularly in terms of Australian feature film and television series production; it also advocates new approaches to Australian film, and address critical issues around how screen production globally is changing, with implications for local screen industries.

Independent cinema in the Chinese film industry

Chinese independent cinema has developed for more than twenty years. Two sorts of independent cinema exist in China. One is underground cinema, which is produced without official approvals and cannot be circulated in China, and the other are the films which are legally produced by small private film companies and circulated in the domestic film market. This sort of ���within-system��� independent cinema has played a significant role in the development of Chinese cinema in terms of culture, economics and ideology. In contrast to the amount of comment on underground filmmaking in China, the significance of ���within-system��� independent cinema has been underestimated by most scholars. This thesis is a study of how political management has determined the development of Chinese independent cinema and how Chinese independent cinema has developed during its various historical trajectories. This study takes media economics as the research approach, and its major methods utilise archive analysis and interviews. The thesis begins with a general review of the definition and business of American independent cinema. Then, after a literature review of Chinese independent cinema, it identifies significant gaps in previous studies and reviews issues of traditional definition and suggests a new definition. After several case studies on the changes in the most famous Chinese directors��� careers, the thesis shows that state studios and private film companies are two essential domestic backers for filmmaking in China. After that, the body of the thesis provides an examination of the development of ���within-system��� independent cinema. Specifically, three factors: government intervention, the majors��� performance (state studios and, later, the conglomerates) and the market conduct of independent cinema at various points in their trajectories are studied. The key findings of the study are as follows: First, most scholars have overlooked the existence and the significance of within-system Chinese independent cinema. Drawing on an American definition of the independent sector, this thesis proposes a definition of the sector in China: namely, any film that has not been financed, produced, and/or distributed by majors. The thesis also notes important contradictions in applying this definition: i.e. film-making is still dependent on policies that frame industry development. The thesis recognises that major tensions apply to filmmaking in China, which significantly differentiates the Chinese independents from those in the US. Second, the development of Chinese independent cinema is the result the rise of the private sector and the decline of the state studio system. As state studios encountered difficulties the private sector moved forward; consequently the environment improved for independent cinema. Third, before 2003, the film industry in China had little commercialisation. The government controlled independent cinema by means of license and censorship. State studios produced main melody films and Hollywood attracted most of the audiences. Many independent filmmakers focused on commercial films, thus contributing to film commercialisation. Fourth, after 2003, the film industry became increasingly fragmented. The government created distribution and exhibition opportunities for main melody films; conglomerates collaborated with Hong Kong players; Hong Kong co-productions and Hollywood occupied the film market; and small private film companies produced main melody films in order to earn meagre profits. The original contribution of the thesis is to advance the study of Chinese independent cinema. The study suggests a reasonable and practical definition of Chinese independent cinema. It shows how the Chinese government authorities have implemented economic measures to gain ideological control in the film industry. Finally, this the first study on Chinese independent cinema applying a synthesis of economic, political and historical perspectives.