Determination of thermobacteriological parameters and size of Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 spores

In order to determine thermobacteriological parameters for B. stearothermophilus spores, they were diluted in a saline solution medium and in ground corn-soybean mix, distributed in TDT tube, and submitted to heat for a specific period of time. The D value (time to reduce 1 log cycle of microbial count under a certain temperature) and z value (variation of temperature to cause 10-fold change in D value) were estimated. To estimate their dimensions, the spores were visualized by using a scanning electron microscope. D121.1 ºC and z values for these spores, as determined in the saline solution, were 8.8 minutes and 12.8 ºC, respectively. D121,1 ºC and z values determined in the corn-soy mix were 14.2 minutes and 23.7 ºC, respectively. The micrographs indicated that the spores have homogeneous shape and size, with length and diameter of 2 and 1 µm, respectively. These results confirm that the spore is highly thermal-resistant, and it is a good biological indicator to evaluate the extrusion process as a feed sterilizer.

Production and partial characterization of alkaline polygalacturonase secreted by thermophilic Bacillus sp. SMIA-2 under submerged culture using pectin and corn steep liquor

Polygalacturonase production by the thermophilic Bacillus sp. SMIA-2 cultivated in liquid cultures containing 0.5% (w/v) apple pectin and supplemented with 0.3% (w/v) corn steep liquor, reached its maximum after 36 hours with levels of 39 U.mL-1. The increase in apple pectin and corn steep liquor concentrations in the medium from 0.5 and 0.3%, respectively, to 0.65%, markedly affected the production of polygalacturonase, whose activity increased four times, reaching a maximum of 150.3 U.mL-1. Studies on polygalacturonase characterization revealed that the optimum temperature of this enzyme was between 60-70 °C. Thermostability profile indicated that the enzyme retained about 82 and 63% of its activity at 60 and 70 °C, respectively, after 2 hours of incubation. The optimum pH of the enzyme was found to be 10.0. After incubation of crude enzyme solution at room temperature for 2 hours at pH 8.0, a decrease of about 29% on its original activity was observed. At pH 10.0, the decrease was 25%.

Simultaneous α-amylase and protease production by the soil bacterium Bacillus sp. SMIA-2 under submerged culture using whey protein concentrate and corn steep liquor: compatibility of enzymes with commercial detergents

Protease and α-amylase production by a thermophilic Bacillus sp. SMIA-2 cultivated in liquid cultures containing 0.25% (w/v) starch as a carbon source reached a maximum at 18 hours (47 U.mg-1 Protein) and 36 hours (325 U.mg-1 Protein), respectively. Culture medium supplementation with whey protein concentrate (0.1%, w/v) and corn steep liquor (0.3%, w/v) not only improved the production of both enzymes but also enabled them to be produced simultaneously. Under these conditions, α-amylase and protease production reached a maximum in 18 hours with levels of 401 U.mg-1 protein and 78 U.mg-1 protein, respectively. The compatibility of the enzymes produced with commercial laundry detergent was investigated. In the presence of Campeiro® detergent, α-amylase activity increased while protease activity decreased by about 27%. These enzymes improved the cleaning power of Campeiro® detergent since they were able to remove egg yolk and tomato sauce stains when used in this detergent.

Comparative study of bovine heart and bacillus subtilis cytochrome c oxidase vesicles and the influence of bulk pH on cytochrome c oxidase components

Studies on the steady state behavior of soluble cytochrome c oxidase are extensive. These studies have examined the influence of ionic strength and pH and may provide answers to questions such as the link between proton translocation and charge separation. The present study examined the influence of external bulk pH on ApH formation, biphasic kinetics, and steady state reduction of cytochromes c and a of cytochrome c oxidase in proteoliposomes. Bulk pH has an appreciable effect on ApH formation and steady state reduction levels of cytochromes c and 8. Bulk pH affected total Vmax and Km at the low affinity binding site of cytochrome c. This study also examined the influence of bovine serum albumin and free fatty acids on proton pumping activity in bovine heart proteoliposomes. Proton pumping activity decreased after treatment with BSA, and was subsequently reinstated after further treatment with FFA. Much study in the superfamily of haem/copper oxidases has recently been devoted to the bacterial oxidases. The present study has examined some protein composition characteristics and bioenergetic features of Bacillus subtilis cytochrome caa3 oxidase. Results provide evidence for the structural composition of the enzyme in relation to the covalently bound cytochrome c to the oxidas~. Bioenergetically, caa3 COV showed appreciable proton pumping activity. Steady state analysis of the caa3 COV showed significantly different cytochrome c and a reduction characteristics compared to the bovine enzyme.

Producción de cepas de Bacillus thuringiensis con actividad biológica modificada

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Recuperación de cepas HD de Bacillus thuringiensis, su propagación en 14 medios de producción y la evaluación de la actividad tóxica contra Trichoplusia ni (Háber) y Heliothis virescens (Fabricius)

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Purificación y caracterización de una proteína antitumoral a partir de Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Inmunobiología) UANL

Producción y toxicidad de cepas nativas de bacillus thuringiensis en diferentes medios de cultivo para control de insectos, plaga lepidopteros

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología Industrial) UANL

Producción de alfa-amiloga por una cepanativa de bacillus y su aplicación al tratamiento del almidón residual en granos de malta agotados

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencas con Especialidad en Microbiología Industrial) UANL

Correlación entre plasmidos específicos y actividad de la endotoxina de bacillus, thuringiensis

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología Industrial) UANL

Evaluación de la persistencia de la toxicidad de extractos de fermentación de bacillus thuriengiensis almacenados por largos períodos contra trichoplusia ni

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología Industrial) UANL

Mecanismo de acción molecular de la endotoxina de Bacillus Thuringiensis

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Evaluación de la actividad tóxica de cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis contra trichoplusia ni, Hübner (Lepidoptera: noctuidae) yAedes aegypti, Linnaeus (Díptera: culicidae)

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Desarrollo de formulaciones de Bacillus thuringiensis a partir de gelatina y o pectina y evaluación tóxica contra el barrenador del tallo de la caña de azúcar Diatraea saccharalis fabricius

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL