646 resultados para 20S proteasome
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EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): Stable isotope data obtained from snow and ice cores retrieved from an altitude of 5340m on Mt. Logan (60°30'N; 140°36'W) indicate that "isotopic seasons" are not generally in phase with calendar seasons. The former are phase lagged with respect to the latter by up to several months and appear to be correlated with SST'S and ocean heat transfer curves and/or the position of the Aleutian low rather than with air temperature or the temperature difference between the ocean surface and the core site.
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花粉是高度退化的两细胞或三细胞生物体。作为雄配子体,花粉储藏了父本的全部遗传信息,并通过与柱头识别、萌发和花粉管极性生长将精子送到雌性的胚囊中,完成双受精作用。由于花粉在植物有性生殖过程中的特殊作用和花粉管极性生长的独特细胞学过程,几十年来一直被作为研究这一系列精细细胞学过程的模式,但是其中关键事件的分子机制并不十分清楚。 我们利用蛋白质组学技术鉴定了水稻成熟花粉三个不同组分(花粉外被蛋白、花粉外被/细胞壁相关和可释放蛋白、花粉内在蛋白)中表达的共322种蛋白质。其中,参与信号转导(10%)、细胞壁重塑和代谢(11%)、蛋白质代谢(14%)以及糖类和能量代谢(25%)的蛋白质被高度代表。并且很多是首次被在成熟花粉中得到鉴定的具有重要功能的蛋白质,包括蛋白激酶、受体激酶相互作用蛋白、GDP解聚抑制因子、含有C2结构域蛋白质和亲环蛋白等参与信号转导的蛋白质,eIF4A、线粒体加工肽酶、UFD1和AAA+ATP酶等参与蛋白质合成、装配和降解的蛋白质,以及逆糖基化多肽、似纤维素合酶OsCsLF7等参与细胞壁重塑和代谢的蛋白质等。生物信息学分析表明,在我们鉴定的蛋白质中有11%的蛋白质功能未知并且不含有任何已知的功能结构域。另外,我们利用从头测序技术鉴定了5种新蛋白质。这些首次在花粉中被鉴定的蛋白质、未知功能蛋白质和新蛋白质在花粉萌发过程中的生物学功能值得进一步研究。 进而,我们利用比较蛋白质组学技术获得了水稻花粉体外萌发过程中差异表达的160个鉴定结果(代表120种蛋白质),生物信息学分析表明它们隶属于13个功能类群。其中,参与细胞壁代谢(占24%,如UDP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶和第三类过氧化物酶)、蛋白质代谢(占11%,如eIF4A和20S蛋白酶体的亚基)、细胞骨架动力学(占8%,如肌动蛋白、微管蛋白和profilin)和胁迫反应(占7%,如抗坏血酸过氧化物酶)以及糖类和能量代谢(占24%)的蛋白质被高度代表。共有94个鉴定结果(73种蛋白质)在花粉萌发过程中表达丰度上调,包括几乎全部参与蛋白质代谢的蛋白质,多数参与细胞骨架动态变化和离子转运的蛋白质,以及部分参与糖类和能量代谢的蛋白质等。并且有53个鉴定结果(41种蛋白质)可能在萌发过程中被释放到培养基中(柱头上),可能参与了柱头细胞和花粉管通道细胞细胞壁的松弛和水解(如第三类过氧化物酶家族成员、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶、1,4-beta-木聚糖酶和一些花粉过敏源蛋白),或者参与了花粉.柱头的信号识别过程(如钙网蛋白和含有C2结构域的蛋白)。有8种传统认为是参与糖类和能量代谢的酶可能在萌发过程中被释放到培养基中(柱头上),如烯醇酶、磷酸丙糖异构酶和磷酸甘油酸激酶。 同时,我们发现在鉴定的成熟花粉表达的蛋白质中,有23%的蛋白质以多个同工型的形式存在,并且有29种蛋白质的多个同工型的表达丰度在萌发过程中发生变化。它们主要参与了细胞壁代谢、糖类和能量代谢、细胞骨架、胁迫反应和离子运输等代谢过程。我们利用荧光染色技术,检测到其中14种蛋白质可能被磷酸化或者糖基化修饰。这意味着由于翻译后修饰形成的同工型蛋白质在花粉萌发和花粉管生长过程中具有重要作用。 总之,我们以水稻为模式研究其成熟花粉和萌发花粉的蛋白质表达特征,首次报道了单子叶植物成熟花粉不同组分中表达的蛋白质及其功能类群特征,并且首次报道了被子植物花粉萌发过程中表达丰度变化蛋白质的功能类群特征,为进一步揭示花粉萌发和花粉管生长的分子机制提供了重要的蛋白质水平信息。
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The extreme phases of the Southern Oscillation (SO) have been linked to fairly persistent classes of circulation anomalies over the North Pacific and parts of North America. It has been more difficult to uncover correspondingly consistent patterns of surface temperature and precipitation over much of the continent. The few regions that appear to have consistent SO-related patterns of temperature and precipitation anomalies are identified and discussed. Also discussed are regions that appear to have strong SO-related surface anomalies whose sign varies from episode to episode.
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EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): Havasu Creek is the second largest tributary of the Colorado River in Grant Canyon. Perennial streamflow in the creek seldom exceeds 2 cubic meters per second, but it supports an important riparian habitat as well as unique travertine pools and waterfalls that attract over 20,000 tourists annually. Havasu Canyon is also home to over 400 members of the Havasu Tribe. Despite a long history of habitation and recreation in Havasu Canyon, streamflow records for Havasu Creek are extremely limited, making flood prediction difficult.
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Modification of proteins by ubiquitination plays important roles in various cellular processes. During this process, the target specificity is determined by ubiquitin ligases. Here we identify RNF220 (RING finger protein 220) as a novel ubiquitin ligase for Sin3B. As a conserved RING protein, RNF220 can bind E2 and mediate auto-ubiquitination of itself. Through a yeast two-hybrid screen, we isolated Sin3B as one of its targets, which is a scaffold protein of the Sin3/HDAC (histone deacetylase) corepressor complex. RNF220 specifically interacts with Sin3B both in vitro and in vivo. Sin3B can be regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Co-expression of RNF220 promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Sin3B. Taken together, these results reveal a new mechanism for regulating the Sin3/HDAC complex. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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As interest increases in fish production, fish farming is on the rise as more fish is produced in ponds, cages and tanks. However not all fish can be sold out and consumed at the same time, in addition to this, different consumers show different preference. Some individua Is tend to prefer smoked fish to fresh and fried fish. Apart from satisfying the different consumer preferences, fish smoking is important because it in creases the self life of fish, there by reducing post harvest losses. It also adds value to the fish and in this way the farmer can fetch more money from farmed products. Although the technology has been around for several years amongst the fishing communities, it is not well known amongst fish farmers. There is need to bring fish fanners on board to know how to construct the smoking kiln through the stapes out lined below.
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Successful applications of expanded bed adsorption (EBA) technology have been widely reported in the literature for protein purification. Little has been reported on the recovery of natural products and active components of Chinese herbal preparations using EBA technology. In this study, the hydrodynamic behavior in an expanded bed of cation resin, 001 x 7 Styrene-DVB, was investigated. Ephedrine hydrochloride (EH) was used as a model natural product to test the dynamic binding capacity (DBC) in the expanded bed. EBA of EH directly from a feedstock containing powdered herbs has also been investigated. These particles are different from commercially available expanded bed adsorbents by virtue of their large size (20S to 1030 gm). When the adsorbent bed is expanded to approximately 1.3 to 1.5 times its settled bed height, the axial liquid-phase dispersion coefficient was found to be of the order 10(-5) m(2) s(-1), which falls into the range 1.0 x 10(-6) to 1.0 X 10(-5) m(2) s(-1) observed previously in protein purification. Because of the favorable column efficiency (low axial dispersion coefficient), the recovery yield and purification factor values of EH directly from a feedstock reached 86.5% and 18, respectively. The results suggest that EBA technology holds promise for the recovery of natural products and active components of Chinese herbal preparations.
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论文回顾了电化学发光的发展历史,介绍了电化学发光反应的基本原理和电化学发光的主要反应体系及其反应机理,评述了电化学发光在其与流动注射、毛细管电泳及高效液相色谱联用,电化学发光传感器,无机物质的分析,有机物质的分析,药物分析,免疫分析,核酸杂交分析等分析化学领域的应用。在已有文献基础上,成功地制备了两种电化学发光葡萄糖生物传感器,建立了测定多巴胺、组氨及半胱氨酸的新方法,摘要如下:1.针对鲁米诺电化学发光的选择性较差及电极容易污染等缺点,采用整体修饰的方法,将葡萄糖氧化酶固定在溶胶-凝胶碳陶复合材料中,以光导纤维作为光的采集和传输装置,成功地制备了光纤电化学发光葡萄糖生物传感器,对葡萄糖测定的线性范围宽达3个数量级(1*10-5-1*10-2mol/L),而且具有较高的灵敏度(检出限为8.16μmol/L)。该生物传感器的测量信号为发光信号,所以它对电活性物质的抗干扰能力比安培生物传感器强;采用整体修饰,使受污染的电极表面可通过机械抛光得到更新;电极基底和葡萄糖氧化酶与溶液直接接触,信号响应快,达到发光峰值的时间小于20s;该传感器的重现性和稳定性良好。实践证明:溶胶凝胶碳陶复合材料是制备电化学发光生物传感器的良好材料。2.采用溶胶凝胶薄膜材料将葡萄糖氧化酶固定在玻碳电极的表面,结合流动注射和光纤传感技术构建了流动式光纤电化学发光葡萄糖传感器,葡萄糖浓度的对数在50μmol/L-10mmol/L之间与电化学发光强度的对数有较好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998,检测限为26μmol/L,该传感器可用于市售饮料中葡萄糖含量的测定。3.提出了一系列新的鲁米诺电化学发光体系:咪哇类化合物、多巴胺及琉基化合物和鲁米诺之间的电化学发光,建立三种不同物质的新测定方法,从而拓宽了鲁米诺电化学发光的应用范围。(1)实验发现咪唑、组胺和组氨酸三种咪唑类化合物对鲁米诺电化学发光均具有较强的增敏作用,基于此结合流动注射分析技术建立了一种测定该类物质的新方法,检测限分别为0.25、0.87、0.56μmol/L,并测定了药物中组氨酸的含量,结果符合推荐值,该方法对含咪哇环的化合物具有良好的选择性,因而具有推广价值,可望用于多种含咪唑环药物的分析测定。(2)实验发现多巴胺对鲁米诺的电化学发光具有很强的抑制效应,建立了一种简便、迅速和灵敏的流动注射电化学发光测定多巴胺的新方法,并采用紫外一可见光谱和循环伏安手段推论出多巴胺抑制鲁米诺电化学发光的机理。该法对多巴胺测定的线性范围为5.0*10-8-1.0*10-5mol/L,检测限为3.2*10-8mol/L,可用于盐酸多巴胺注射液中多巴胺含量测定。(3)鉴于在碱性介质中半胧氨酸对鲁米诺的微弱电化学发光具有较强的增敏作用这一实验结果,结合流动注射技术首次建立了直接采用电化学发光测定半肤氨酸的新方法,并借助紫外一可见吸收光谱手段和循环伏安实验推测了其可能的反应机理。半胧氨酸的浓度在1.0*10-6-5.0*10-5mol/L之间与发光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.993,检测限为0.67μmol/L,该方法可推广应用于测定药物和生物体液中半胱氨酸的含量。
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Thermally stable high-resistivity regions have been formed using hydrogen ion implantation at three energies (50, 100, and 180 keV) with three corresponding doses (6 X 10(14) 1.2 X 10(15), and 3 X 10(15) cm(-2)), oxygen implantation at 280keV with 2 X 10(14) cm(-2) as well as subsequent annealing at about 600 degrees C for 10-20s, in AlGaAs/GaAs multiple epitaxial heterojunction structure. After anncaling at 600 degrees C, the sheet resistivity increases by six orders more of magnitude from the as-grown values. This creation of high resistivity is different from that of the conventional damage induced isolation by H or O single implantation which becomes ineffective when anneal is carried out at 400-600 degrees C and the mechanism there of is discussed.
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单株树木CO2和H2O交换的研究对森林生态系统碳水循环的深入理解具有重要意义,而目前尚未有使用可靠、操作简便、商品化的成熟观测系统直接应用于单株尺度气体交换观测。 本研究基于国内外常用的美国LI-COR公司生产的Li-6400便携式光合仪,自行设计制作了两套箱式气体交换观测系统:闭路箱式气体交换观测系统和开路箱式气体交换观测系统。对这两套系统进行了调试和评价后,利用这两套系统,以长白山红松针阔叶林主要优势种水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)为试验材料,探讨了单株CO2和H2O交换的日变化特征,并与单叶尺度气体交换结果进行了对比分析。主要结论有: 1)本研究设计制作的闭路和开路箱式气体交换观测系统具有经济实用,适用范围广、改造方便和操作简单等特点。实现了单株树木CO2和H2O气体浓度的同时观测,且能自动采集和存储数据,能够自动监测箱体空气温度、空气相对湿度、光合有效辐射和大气压等环境因子。 2)闭路箱式气体交换观测系统密闭性较好,但在测定过程中箱内气温和相对湿度会升高,其上升速率随着外界气温的升高而增加。基于仪器响应和环境控制等方面的考虑,该系统在应用时实际观测时间为200s,除去20s的混合响应时间,使用180s的数据。该系统环境控制标准为:箱内外温差 <3℃, 箱内外相对湿度差< 10%。 3)开路箱式气体交换观测系统在测定时箱内的环境因子与箱外接近,箱内外的气温和相对湿度差异都很小,与外界气温平均相差1℃以内,相对湿度的最大差异也仅为8.53%。确定开路系统的观测时间为600s,在数据处理过程中需要出气口气体浓度数据进行延迟处理。 4)冠层不同位置叶片的气体交换速率日变化特征为:垂直方向上,由下至上三个层次叶片的平均气体交换速率表现为第三层 >第一层 >第二层;水平方向上,东西南北四个方位叶片的平均净CO2交换速率表现为南向叶>西向叶>北向叶>东向叶,而平均H2O交换速率为西向叶> 南向叶>北向叶>东向叶。不同层次和不同方位叶片的气体交换日变化曲线的走势主要与光合有效辐射PAR和饱和水汽压差VPD的日变化有关,另外还与各叶片氮含量的差异也有关系。 5)闭路和开路箱式气体交换系统对水曲柳单株气体交换速率的日变化观测表明:两套系统内的环境因子基本得到了有效控制,但开路系统优于闭路系统。两套系统测定的单株尺度气体交换速率日变化趋势与各自当天的光合有效辐射变化相同,这与单叶尺度的气体交换表现一致。另外,单株尺度的CO2交换速率与光合有效辐射存在双曲线关系,而该尺度的H2O交换速率与PAR存在线性关系
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界面生态学是一门新兴的生态学分支学科,其主要任务是以系统的生态界面为研究对象,研究其结构功能,重点解决界面生态过程的动力学机制。本文以长白山阔叶红松林为例,解决了林冠/大气、土壤/大气生态界面结构和过程的动态监测技术,建立了土壤/大气和林冠/大气生态界面诊断方法,刻画了其平均结构与时空特征;使用图示技术和子波辨识方法分析了林冠/大气生态界面交换的主要过程一相干结构的时空结构、碎发规律及其表现;初步分析了生长季节土壤/大气生态界面交换机制。林冠/大气生态界面核心区域为16一32m;界面上界变化最大,下界变化很小,生长季节尤为如此;界面呈不对称结构,大气系统一侧厚度大于冠层一侧;生长季节的界面厚度大于非生一氏季节;界面结构有显著日动态。相干结构主要周期30一60秒:水平尺度约为1一5倍平均冠层高度;碎发周期和碎发频率随冠层整体风速切变增大逐渐趋近于常数:20s,50次/半小时;80%以上的相干结构可以影响整个林冠流场,生长季节只能在生态界面内发挥重要作用,刘·交换的贡献率在70%以上,入侵概率在50%以上;3m处的入侵概率仅为0.05%,对动量和感热输运贡献率仅为35%和10%。土壤/大气生态界面的核心范围为。一0.5m,土气界面处的物质能量输运以局地湍流输送为主体。
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本文对禄春安息香(Styrax macranthus)种子和攀援孔药花(Porandra scandens)全草的化学成分进行了研究,共获得30个化合物,其中2个为新化合物。 从禄春安息香种子95%乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了12个化合物,其中2个新化合物鉴定为3-[7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxy phenyl) benzofuran-5-yl] propyl 3-[7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)benzofuran-5-yl] propanoate (1) 和去甲氧基-egonol-龙胆双糖甙 (2);已知化合物分别为2-(3,4-二氧亚甲基苯基)-5-甲酰基-7-甲氧基-苯并呋喃 (3)、egonol (4)、去甲氧基-egonol (5)、去甲基-egonol (6)、egonol-葡萄糖甙 (7)、egonol-龙胆双糖甙 (8)、egonol-龙胆三糖甙 (9)、豆甾醇 (10)、二十四烷酸 1-甘油酯 (11) 和胡萝卜甙 (12)。生物活性测试发现,化合物2具有促进雌激素E2合成的作用。 从攀援孔药花全草95%乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了19个化合物:(2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2R)-2-羟基-二十一烷酰基氨基]-二十一烷-1,3,4-三醇 (13)、(2S,3S,4R)–2–二十四烷酰基氨基-十八烷-1,3,4-三醇 (14)、胡萝卜甙 (12)、β-谷甾醇 (15)、(20S,22E,24R)-5α,8α-表二氧-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇 (16)、6β-羟基-豆甾-4-烯-3-酮 (17)、十六烷酸 1-甘油酯 (18)、桦木酸 (19)、大黄素 (20)、二十二烷酸 1-甘油酯 (21)、对羟基苯甲醛 (22)、十七烷酸 1-甘油酯 (23)、金色酰胺醇乙酸酯(24)、十九烷酸 1-甘油酯 (25)、棕榈酸 (26)、(E)-p-香豆酸 (27)、(22E,24S)-24-麦角甾醇-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇 (28)、2-去氧-β-蜕皮激素 (29)和auranamide (30)。 综述了近十年来发现的2-芳基苯并呋喃类新木脂素的结构特征、来源、生物活性和化学全合成。 Phytochemical investigation on the seeds of Styrax macranthus and the whole plants of Porandra scandens led to the isolation of thirty compounds, two of which were new ones. Two new 2-aryl benzofuran derivatives, 3-[7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxy phenyl) benzofuran-5-yl]propyl 3-[7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)benzo furan-5-yl]propanoate (1) and demethoxy egonol gentiobioside (2), were isolated from the 95% aqueous ethanolic extract of the seeds of Styrax macranthus, together with 7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde (3), egonol (4), demethoxy egonol (5), demethyl egonol (6), egonol glucoside (7), egonol gentiobioside (8), egonol gentiotrioside (9), stigmasterol (10), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl tetracosoate (11), and daucosterol (12). In vitro test, compound 2 promote the synthesis of estrogen E2. Nineteen compounds were isolated from the 95% aqueous ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Porandra scandens for the first time. Their structures were identified as (2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-heneicosanoylamino]-1,3,4- heneicosanetriol (13), (2S,3S,4R)-2-tetracosanoylamino-1,3,4-octadecanetriol (14), daucosterol (15), β-sitosterol (12), (20S,22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,22-diene- 3β-ol (16), 6β-hydroxylstigmast-4-en-3-one (17), 1-glycerol-1-hexadecoate (18), betulinic acid (19), emodin (20), 1-glycerol-1-docosoate (21), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (22), 1-glycerol-1-heptadecoate (23), aurantiamide acetate (24), 1-glycerol-1- nonadecoate (25), palmatic acid (26), (E)-p-coumaric acid (27), (22E,24S)- 24-metbylcbolesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol (28), 2-deoxycrustecdysone (29), and auranamide (30). The characteristic, natural resource, bioactivity, and the total synthesis of 2-aryl benzofurans were reviewed.
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钮子瓜(Zehneria maysorensis Arn.)是一种常用的中草药,其性味苦、凉,主要功效为清热利湿、散风止痛,主治膀胱炎、头痛。体外活性筛选实验表明,袋花忍冬(Lonicera saccata Rehd.)95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分对血管紧张素转化酶显示较强的抑制活性。为明确钮子瓜的药用物质基础和袋花忍冬中具有ACE抑制活性的成分,首次对两个植物的成分进行了研究。 1. 从钮子瓜95%乙醇提取物中主要通过色谱方法首次分离了14个化合物,通过波谱方法鉴定为(2S,3S,4R,10E)-2-[(2R)-2-羟基二十四烷酰基氨基]-10-十八烷-1,3,4-三醇(1)、(2S,3S,4R)-2-二十四烷酰基氨基-十八烷-1,3,4-三醇 (2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、swertish (4)、苯甲酸(5)、水杨酸(6)、loliolide (7)、胸腺嘧啶(8)、尿嘧啶(9)、(23Z)-9,19-环阿尔廷-23-烯-3β,25-二醇(10)、(20S,22E,24R)-5α,8α-表二氧-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(11)、十六烷酸 1-甘油酯(12)、大豆脑苷Ⅰ(13)和(22E,24S)-24-甲基-5α-胆甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(14)。其中化合物4为一黄酮碳苷,具有旋转异构现象,有止痛作用;化合物6具有抗炎、镇痛、减热的活性,它们可能是钮子瓜药用物质基础的一部分。 2. 从袋花忍冬95%乙醇提取物中首次分离并鉴定了16个已知化合物:胡萝卜苷(3)、(20S,22E,24R)-5α,8α-表二氧-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(11)、十六烷酸 1-甘油酯(12)、E-p-coumaryl behenate (15)、谷甾醇(16)、2,6-dihydroxyhumula-3(12), 7(13),9(E)-triene (17)、环阿尔廷-25-烯-3β,24ξ-二醇 (18)、二十四烷酸 (19)、2,4-二羟基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯 (20)、乌苏酸 (21)、柚皮素 (22)、木犀草素 (23)、柏双黄酮(24)咖啡酸 (25)、洋芹素(26)和木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 (27)。其中木犀草素(23)和咖啡酸(25)含量较高,它们为抑制ACE活性的成分。 3.综述了黄酮碳苷的旋转异构现象。 Zehneria maysorensis is a folk medicine for the treatment of cystitis and headache. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the 95% ethanol extract of Lonicera saccata showed obvious ACE inhibitory activity in vitro. To reveal their active constitutents, they were subjected to chemically study. From the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plants of Zehneria maysroensis fourteen compounds were isolated for the first time. On the basis of spectral data and/or by comparison with authentic samples, they were characterized to be (2S,3S,4R,10E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-10-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (1), (2S,3S,4R)-2-tetracosanoylamino-1,3,4-octadecanetriol (2), daucosterol (3), swertish (4), benzoic acid (5), salicylic acid (6), loliolide (7), thymine (8), uracil (9), (23Z)-9,19-cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol (10), (20S,22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta- 6,22-diene-3β-ol (11), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl hexadecoate (12), soya-cerebroside (13) and (22E,24S)-24-methyl-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol (14). Compound 4, a C-glycosylflavone, showed a very interesting rotational isomerism. Compounds 4 and 6 may be the active constituents of Zehneria maysorensis considering their sedative and anti-inflammation activity, respectively. From the whole plants of Lonicera saccata, sixteen compounds were isolated for the first time. On the basis of spectral data and/or by comparison with authentic samples, they were identified to be daucosterol (3), (20S,22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy- ergosta-6,22-diene-3β-ol (11), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl hexadecoate (12), E-p-coumaryl behenate (15), β-sitosterol (16), 2,6-dihydroxyhumula-3(12),7(13),9(E)-triene (17), cycloart-25-ene-3β,24ξ-diol (18), tetracosanoic acid (19), methyl 2,4-dihydroxy- 3,6-dimethylbenzoate (20), ursolic acid (21), naringenin (22), luteolin (23), cupressuflavone (24), caffeic acid (25), apigenin (26) and luteolin-7-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (27). Luteolin (23) and caffeic acid (25) were the ACE inhibitory active constituents. Rotational isomerism for C-glycosylflavonoid was reviewed.
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目的:比较市售高丽参与中国红参中人参皂苷的含量,初步作出二者的质量评价。方法:采用比色法对市售高丽参与中国红参进行总皂苷含量测定,采用高效液相色谱法对高丽参与中国红参中主要单体皂苷进行测定比较。结果:中国红参总皂苷和主要的单体皂苷含量均高于韩国高丽参,而且红参中含有高丽参中不存在的单体皂苷Rg3、20S-Rg3。结论:市售中国红参质量高于市售高丽参。