Effects of butorphanol on the minimum anesthetic concentration for sevoflurane in guineafowl (Numida meleagris)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Control of Brachiaria decumbens and Panicum maximum by S-metolachlor as influenced by the occurrence of rain and amount of sugarcane straw on the soil

Com o objetivo de estudar o controle em pré-emergência de Brachiaria decumbens e Panicum maximum pelo herbicida S-metolachlor em função do intervalo de tempo entre a aplicação e a ocorrência de chuva e da quantidade de palha de cana-de-açúcar na superfície do solo, dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos em vasos mantidos em casa de vegetação. No primeiro, foram estudadas cinco quantidades de palha sobre o solo (0, 3, 6, 10 e 15 t ha-1) e cinco dosagens de S-metolachlor (0; 0,96; 1,44; 1,92 e 2,40 kg ha-1). No outro, foram avaliadas duas quantidades de palha sobre o solo (0 e 10 t ha-1) e sete intervalos de tempo entre a aplicação de S-metolachlor e a simulação de chuva (1 dia antes; logo após; 4, 8, 12, 16 e 20 dias após a aplicação). As dosagens de S-metolachlor não foram afetadas pelos níveis de palha na superfície do solo. Além disso, sem a manutenção de palha sobre o solo, o controle das plantas daninhas pelo herbicida S-metolachlor não foi influenciado pelos intervalos de tempo entre a aplicação e a simulação de chuva, até 20 dias. Com 10 t ha-1 de palha, o controle de B. decumbens e P. maximum pelo S-metolachlor não foi prejudicado quando choveu até 12 dias da sua aplicação ou um dia antes, mas, nesse caso apenas para P. maximum.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos de características do pelame e de desempenho reprodutivo de vacas holandesas em clima tropical

Objetivou-se investigar os efeitos das características do pelame sobre a idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) e o intervalo de partos (IEP) de vacas holandesas manejadas em sistema de estabulação livre com ventiladores e aspersores e estimar os parâmetros genéticos destas características. Os dados foram analisados pelo método dos quadrados mínimos, considerando os efeitos: ano; estação; número de inseminações; origem do pai; pai dentro da origem; idade (somente para IEP); porcentagem de malhas negras; espessura do pelame; comprimento dos pêlos; número de pêlos por unidade de área da epiderme; diâmetro dos pêlos; transmitância e refletância efetiva do pelame. O método da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita foi utilizado para estimar os componentes de (co)variância sob um modelo animal. Os resultados incluíram as estimativas de herdabilidade para IPP (0,23±0,08), IEP (0,19±0,10), malhas negras (0,75±0,08), número (0,05±0,04), espessura (0,04±0,05), comprimento (0,36±0,09) e diâmetro (0,63±0,08) de pêlos. As estimativas de correlação genética entre IPP (-0,37±0,17), IEP (0,49±0,27) e diâmetro apresentaram valores significativos e favoráveis. Entretanto, as correlações genéticas entre espessura (-0,56±0,46), número (-0,66±0,43), porcentagem de malhas negras (0,04±0,16) e IPP foram desfavoráveis para seleção conjunta para melhor adaptação e precocidade sexual. O alto valor estimado para herdabilidade e as correlações genéticas favoráveis entre diâmetro e IPP e IEP indicaram ser possível selecionar para melhorar conjuntamente a adaptação e o desempenho reprodutivo.

Systems of aerial spraying for soybean rust control

A ferrugem asiática da soja, causada pelo fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi, é considerada a principal doença da soja, e, portanto, a escolha e o uso adequado dos equipamentos de pulverização são essenciais para seu controle. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de diferentes equipamentos de pulverização aérea para o controle curativo da ferrugem da soja, utilizando o fungicida Impact 125 SC (flutriafol) a 0,5 L p c ha-1. Os seguintes tratamentos foram avaliados: atomizador Micronair AU 5000 (10 L ha-1 com óleo e 20 L ha-1 sem óleo na calda); atomizador Stol ARD (10 e 20 L ha-1 ambos com óleo) e o sistema eletrostático Spectrum (10 L ha-1 sem óleo a 64 e 71% de umidade relativa). Utilizou-se óleo de algodão (1,0 L ha-1) acrescido de emulsificante BR 455 a 0,025 L ha-1. O ensaio foi realizado na terceira aplicação de fungicidas, quando foram analisadas quatro repetições nas áreas aplicadas e quatro testemunhas não aplicadas para cada tratamento, avaliando-se a severidade da ferrugem, os depósitos de flutriafol nas folhas de soja e o percentual de redução de ferrugem. A análise dos depósitos nas folhas mostrou que não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Os melhores controles da ferrugem foram obtidos com os tratamentos Micronair (10 L ha-1 com óleo), Stol (20 L ha-1 com óleo) e o sistema elestrostático (10 L ha-1) com a menor umidade relativa do ar (64 %).

Development and Validation of an UV-Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Glimepiride in Tablets

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Tradução, adaptação cultural e propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do Short-Form of the Mobility Assessment Tool (MAT-sf)

Objectives: to translate and assess the psychometric properties of the Brazilian short-form of the Mobility Assessment Tool (MAT-sf) in Brazilians community elderly. Methds: the 12 items MAT-sf went through the process of translation and back translation into Portuguese of the Brazil, considering the semantic and cultural adaptation. In a sample of 150 aged 65-74 years living in the community, the instrument's psychometric properties were evaluated by analysis of convergent and construct validity and test-retest reliability. The main outcomes measures used for validation included in the battery of tests of physical ability, self-repor measures of functional limitations, health, depression, cognitive and sex. The test-retest reliability of the instrument was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), 40 subjects were reassessed after an interval of 14 days of assessment. Results: the concurrent validity for the MAT-sf was evidenced by significant correlations with SPPB (r = 0,53), number of functional limitations (r = -0,62) and depressive symptoms (r = -0,45). The construct validity of the instrument was measured by gradual and significant increase of the MAT-sf scores with high levels of physical performance and with positive self-reported health, also found that MAT-sf scores were statistically differents according to sex. The variation in MAT-sf scores (R2 = 0,41) was explained by SPPB, number of limitations for activities of daily life and depressive symptoms. High values for test-retest reliability was evidencend by ICC = 0,94, 95% CI = 0,90 0,97. Conclusions: the Brazilian version of the short-form of the Mobility Assessment Tool has values of validity and reliability to ensure its use in elderly populations living in communities

Conventional and microwave sintering of CaCu(3)Ti(4)O(12)/CaTiO(3) ceramic composites: non-ohmic and dielectric properties

The non-ohmic and dielectric properties as well as the dependence on the microstructural features of CaCu(3)Ti(4)O(12)/CaTiO(3) ceramic composites obtained by conventional and microwave sintering were investigated. It was demonstrated that the non-ohmic and dielectric properties depend strongly on the sintering conditions. It was found that the non-linear coefficient reaches values of 65 for microwave-sintered samples and 42 for samples sintered in a conventional furnace when a current density interval of 1-10 mA cm(-2) is considered. The non-linear coefficient value of 65 is equivalent to 1500 for samples sintered in the microwave if a current interval of 5-30 mA is considered as is shortly discussed by Chung et al (2004 Nature Mater. 3 774). Due to a high non-linear coefficient and a low leakage current (90 mu A) under both processing conditions, these samples are promising for varistor applications. The conventionally sintered samples exhibit a higher relative dielectric constant at 1 kHz (2960) compared with the samples sintered in the microwave furnace (2100). At high frequencies, the dielectric constant is also larger in the samples sintered in the conventional furnace. Depending on the application, one or another synthesis methodology is recommended, that is, for varistor applications sintered in a microwave furnace and for dielectric application sintered in a conventional furnace.

Clinical Efficiency of Low-Level Diode Laser in Reducing Dentin Hypersensitivity

Dentin hipersensitivity (DH) is a relatively common clinical condition, especially in periodontal patients after treatment. In this study it was evaluated 28 teeth who presented dentin hypersensitivity. The teeth were subjected to clinical and radiographic exams and were divided into groups following the treatment and the time of examination after application proposed: GI: PO 3% (Potassium Oxalate-group control)/Baseline; GII: PO 3%/3 days after first session; GIII: PO 3%/6 days; GIV: PO 3%/30 days; GV: PO 3%/60 days; GVI: PO 3%/90 days; GVII: Laser (Low-level diode laser with 110 mW/cm(2))/Baseline; GVIII: Laser/7 days after first session; GIX: Laser/14 days; GX: Laser/30 days; GXI: Laser/60 days; and GXII: Laser/90 days. The groups I-VI, the teeth were subjected to 3 applications (GI-GIII) of desensitizing agent at regular intervals of seven days. The Groups VII-XI, each tooth was subjected to three applications (GVII GIX) in three different points (mesial, meddle and distal surfaces) with an interval of 72 h. The time of application in each point was of 33 s and the patients from both groups were followed up to 90 days. The nonparametric test Friedman (alpha = 0.05) was applied and the test of Mann Whitney (alpha = 0.05) was used to compare the time of examination between groups. The application of Laser was effective 6 days after first session and to PO was 30 days. It was observed that both treatments were effective for the reduction of dentin hypersensitivity, however the laser presented better effectiveness.

Permian non-marine bivalves of the Falkland Islands and their palaeoenvironmental significance

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Permian bivalves of the Taciba Formation, Itarare group, Parana basin, and their biostratigraphic significance

A small and poorly diversified bivalve fauna from Taciba Formation, Itarare Group, Parana Basin (State of Santa Catarina, Mafra Municipality), is described in this paper for the first time, based on new findings. The fauna is recorded in a 30 cm thick interval of fine sandstone locally at the top of Taciba Formation, in the Butia quarry. The studied fossil-bearing sand-stone bed is a marine intercalation recording a brief eustatic rise in sea-level, probably following glacier retreat and climate amelioration at the end of a broad glacial scenario. The fauna is mainly dominated by productid brachiopods, which are not described here, and rare mollusk shells (bivalves and gastropods). Two bivalve species were identified: Myonia argentinensis (Harrington, 1955), and Aviculopecten multiscalptus (Thomas, 1928). The presence of Myonia argentinensis is note-worthy since this species is also present in the Baitaca assemblage found in marine siltstones (Baitaca assemblage) of the Rio do Sul Formation, cropping out at the Teixeira Soares region, Parana State. This species is also recorded in the bivalve fauna from the Bonete Formation, Pillahinco Group, Sauce Grande Basin, Buenos Aires Province, in Argentina. Hence, the marine bivalves of the Taciba Formation are associated with the transgressive event that characterizes the Eurydesma fauna, indicating a Late Asselian-Sakmarian age for the bivalve fauna. Presence of the Myonia argentinensis megadesmid species reinforces the Gondwanic nature of the studied fauna.

Potential of the insect growth regulator, fluazuron, in the control of Rhipicephalus sanguineus nymphs (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): Determination of the LD95 and LD50

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of Potentially Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Microhardness

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Strength of a feldspar ceramic according to the thickness and polymerization mode of the resin cement coating

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of tranquilization and anesthesia on high-resolution electrocardiographic indices of dogs in the chronic chagasic myocardiopathy

Avaliou-se o efeito da tranquilização e da anestesia sobre os índices da eletrocardiografia de alta resolução (ECGAR) em cães portadores de doença-de-chagas na fase crônica indeterminada. Foram utilizados oito cães, adultos, sem raça definida, fêmeas, submetidas a seis protocolos (grupos). No grupo 1, os animais estavam sem efeito de tranquilização ou anestesia; no grupo 2, foram tranquilizados com acepromazina; no 3, foram tranquilizados com a associação acepromazina e buprenorfina; no 4, estavam sob anestesia geral inalatória com isofluorano; no 5, sob anestesia geral inalatória com sevofluorano; e no 6, sob anestesia com propofol. Os animais foram submetidos a todos os protocolos, com um período de 15 dias entre cada avaliação. Não se verificou alteração significativa na duração do complexo QRS e do LAS40 entre os grupos, e o RMS40 permaneceu sem alteração significativa. O nível de ruído foi significativamente menor nos grupos 4, 5 e 6 em relação ao grupo 1. A anestesia facilitou o registro da ECGAR sem alterar os índices eletrocardiográficos .

From sol to aerogel: a study of the nanostructural characteristics of TEOS derived sonogels

The nanostructural characteristics of acid-catalyzed sonogels are studied along the aging process at 60 degreesC in saturated conditions and after the CO, supercritical extraction (aerogel). The structural evolution was studied by means of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and UV-Visible absorption techniques. The sonogel exhibits a mass fractal structure in a length scale between zeta - 1/q(0) similar to 5.3 and a(1) similar to 1/q(m) similar to 0.22 nm, as the length scale probed by SAXS. The apparent mass fractal dimension lightly increases from 2.0 for fresh gel until 2.2 for 14 days aging in wet conditions. The UV absorption also increases with the aging time in wet conditions. Both observations are consistent with the syneresis process accompanying the polycondensation progress during aging in saturated conditions. For long aging times, the wet sonogels show a light transition from a mass to a surface fractal. in a very small interval of the length scale, developing an extremely rough surface with fractal dimension D-S similar to 2.9, the fractal characteristics of the sonogels practically do not change with the alcohol exchange. With the CO2 supercritical extraction (aerogel). The interval in the length scale in which the surface fractal is defined increases, while the surface fractal dimension diminishes to D-S similar to 2.5. The mass fractal characteristics are less apparent in the aerogels. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.