Testes de estresse na avaliação do vigor de sementes de milho

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estresse térmico no acúmulo de prolina livre de plântulas de guandu oriundas de sementes tratadas com poliaminas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Resposta funcional da joaninha Cryptolaemus predando Cochonilha branca em diferentes temperaturas e substratos vegetais

This work was carried out to evaluate the functional response of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, 1850 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed with Planococcus citri Risso, 1813 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) reared on a pumpkin hybrid (Cucurbita maxima x Cucurbita moscata) (Cucurbitaceae), seedlings of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) Rutaceae) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) (Solanaceae) at two temperatures. The predation rate of C. montrouzieri was measured using Petri dishes of 15 cm diameter with 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 adults of P. Citri. One third instar larva, one fourfh instar and one newly emerged adult (without differentiation of sex) of C. montrouzieri were added to each plate. The study was conducted in climatic chambers at temperatures of 25 and 30 degrees C and photophase of 12 hours. The predation rate was evaluated after 24 hours of prey exposition to the predator, by counting the number of preys trapped in the different treatments and control. The statistical design was completely randomized with four treatments x 6 subplots with 7 repetitions, the two temperatures. The values obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, to relate the number of scales preyed by larvae and adults of C. montrouzieri set up in different substrates. The amount of prey consumed by larvae and adults of the predator increased with increasing the prey density until it reaches a plateau, characterizing functional response type II. In general, the number of scales preyed by larvae and adults of C. montrouzieri was higher on potato and under temperature of 30 degrees C.

Propiedades termofísicas del jugo concentrado de lulo a temperaturas por encima del punto de congelación

Neste trabalho, foram determinados experimentalmente o calor específico, a condutividade térmica, difusividade térmica e densidade de suco de lulo na faixa de conteúdo de água entre 0,55 e 0,90 (p/p em base úmida) e em temperaturas entre 4 e 78,6 °C. A condutividade térmica e o calor específico foram obtidos utilizando-se o mesmo equipamento - uma célula constituída de dois cilindros concêntricos - operando em estado estacionário e não estacionário, respectivamente. A difusividade térmica foi obtida através do método de Dickerson e a densidade determinada por picnometria. Tanto a temperatura como o conteúdo de água apresentaram grande influência nos dados experimentais das propriedades termofísicas do suco de lulo. Os resultados obtidos foram utilizados na obtenção de modelos matemáticos para predizer estas propriedades em função da concentração e temperatura.

Temperaturas de armazenamento e uso de soluções de manutenção na pós-colheita de gérberas vermelhas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Avaliação in vitro do crescimento micelial de cinco linhagens de Agaricus blazei em duas temperaturas

The objective of the work was to evaluate the in vitro mycelial growth of five A. blazei strains (ABL-05/53, ABL-04/49, ABL-03/44, ABL-99/30 and ABL-02/51) when submitted to the temperatures of 20 and 25 ºC. In a laminar flow chamber, discs of the strains were inoculated in the middle of Petri’s plates containing CA (compost-agar) medium and incubated in BOD. After 48 hours, measurements of the mycelial growth began, with the help of a ruler with scale in millimeters, by means of four equidistant measurements, until the moment when the fungal colony reached near the edges of the Petri’s plate in one of the treatments. The experimental design was totally randomized, in 5 x 2 factorial design. Each treatment consisted of seven repetitions, corresponding to one Petri’s plate, totalizing seventy experimental units. We verified that A. blazei growth is influenced by incubation temperature, being that the temperature of 25 ºC was more favorable for the mycelial growth of all A. blazei strains tested, with attention for ABL-04/49 and ABL-03/44 strains, which obtained the highest averages for mycelial growth under this temperature condition at the end of the cultivation cycle.

Capacidade de parasitismo de Trichogramma pretiosum em ovos de Trichoplusia ni em diferentes temperaturas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alterações celulares induzidas pelo estresse térmico em embriões bovinos

Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ciclo reprodutivo de fêmeas de Devario aequipinnatus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) submetidas a diferentes temperaturas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ciclo testicular e espermatogênese de Devario aequipinnatus (cypriniformes, cyprinidae) submetido a diferentes temperaturas

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Ocorrência de fungos negros em ambientes domésticos

Black fungi are able to adapt to extreme environmental conditions, such as: high temperatures, the presence of toxic chemical substances and lack of nutrients. Besides, they are also potential pathogens to humans. The natural environment of many black fungi is still unknown and some studies are being conducted to evaluate the biodiversity of this group and their different habitats. This study aimed to isolate black fungi in domestic environments and facilities, such as toothbrushes, fridge sealing rubbers, bathroom strainers and divisions, windows, wall tiles and bath sponge. For the collection, material surfaces were scratched with a scalpel and the resulting fragments were sewed in Mycosel agar (DifcoTM), supplemented with actidione to inhibit the growth of highly-sporulating fungi. Plates were incubated at 25ºC for three weeks. The 46 isolated fungi were maintained on MA2% slants at 8ºC and cryopreserved at -80ºC. Fungal identification was performed through the analysis of macro and microscopic features and ITS rDNA sequencing. The following black fungi taxa were found: Ascomycota sp., Cladosporium spp., Dothideomycete sp., Exophiala alcalophila, Ochroconis mirabilis and Rhinocladiella atrovirens. Non-melanized fungi were also found, such as Geosmithia sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The temperature tests showed that isolated black fungi were not able to grow at 37°C, however, this temperature proved to be fungistatic to 43% of them. According to literature, all black fungi isolated in this study are opportunistic pathogens and additional studies are necessary to evaluate the risk that these micro-organisms offer to health, once they were isolated from domestic environments

Ocorrência de fungos negros em ambientes domésticos

Black fungi are able to adapt to extreme environmental conditions, such as: high temperatures, the presence of toxic chemical substances and lack of nutrients. Besides, they are also potential pathogens to humans. The natural environment of many black fungi is still unknown and some studies are being conducted to evaluate the biodiversity of this group and their different habitats. This study aimed to isolate black fungi in domestic environments and facilities, such as toothbrushes, fridge sealing rubbers, bathroom strainers and divisions, windows, wall tiles and bath sponge. For the collection, material surfaces were scratched with a scalpel and the resulting fragments were sewed in Mycosel agar (DifcoTM), supplemented with actidione to inhibit the growth of highly-sporulating fungi. Plates were incubated at 25ºC for three weeks. The 46 isolated fungi were maintained on MA2% slants at 8ºC and cryopreserved at -80ºC. Fungal identification was performed through the analysis of macro and microscopic features and ITS rDNA sequencing. The following black fungi taxa were found: Ascomycota sp., Cladosporium spp., Dothideomycete sp., Exophiala alcalophila, Ochroconis mirabilis and Rhinocladiella atrovirens. Non-melanized fungi were also found, such as Geosmithia sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The temperature tests showed that isolated black fungi were not able to grow at 37°C, however, this temperature proved to be fungistatic to 43% of them. According to literature, all black fungi isolated in this study are opportunistic pathogens and additional studies are necessary to evaluate the risk that these micro-organisms offer to health, once they were isolated from domestic environments

Efeitos de altas temperaturas na germinação de sementes de capim-dourado (Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhland, Eriocaulaceae): implicações para o manejo

Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar potenciais efeitos do fogo na germinação de sementes de capim-dourado (Syngonanthus nitens) (Bong.) Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae). Sementes coletadas na região do Jalapão, Tocantins, foram submetidas a choques de temperaturas de 60º, 100 ºC, 150 ºC e 200 ºC durante 1, 3 e 5 minutos. Foram feitas 5 réplicas, com 20 sementes para cada tratamento, e controle. As sementes foram dispostas em placas de Petri e em câmaras de germinação a 28 ºC, fotoperíodo 12h/12h, por 40 dias. As taxas de germinação das sementes foram analisadas por meio de ANOVA com teste de aleatorização. A maioria dos tratamentos resultou em altas taxas de germinação (>85%), exceto 200ºC/3' (50%) e 200ºC/5', que apresentou uma queda significativa (4,5%, P<0,05). Os resultados obtidos indicam que as sementes de S. nitens não são estimuladas nem mortas por altas temperaturas, exceto quando combinados temperatura e tempos de exposição extremos (200ºC/5'). A passagem do fogo é muito rápida durante queimadas nos campos úmidos, onde S. nitens ocorre e as temperaturas frequentemente não atingem os 150 ºC. Nessas condições, estes resultados indicam que as sementes de S. nitens potencialmente sobrevivem à passagem do fogo na maioria das queimadas. Esta informação é de utilidade imediata para o manejo desta espécie de alto valor comercial.

Temperaturas de acionamento de condicionadores de ar e ventiladores

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados iniciais de uma pesquisa, descrevendo o comportamento de usuários de edifícios de escritórios em relação às temperaturas de acionamento de ventiladores e aparelhos condicionadores de ar. Medições foram realizadas em quatro salas administrativas do Instituto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo de São Carlos – IAU/USP, nas quais foram registradas as temperaturas internas do ar e o momento de acionamento dos referidos equipamentos. Os valores registrados foram comparados à temperatura externa e à faixa de temperaturas de conforto descrita pela norma ASHRAE 55/2004. As temperaturas registradas de acionamento dos aparelhos condicionadores de ar e ventiladores são similares e estão dentro da faixa considerada confortável pela referida norma.