A prospective study of cat-scratch disease in Lima-Peru

Cat-Scratch Disease (CSD) is a benign lymphadenitis that may progress to severe or recurrent forms, and it is occasionally associated with morbidity. Between January of 1998 and March of 1999, forty-three suspected CSD patients were assessed in the Hospital Cayetano Heredia and the Instituto de Salud del Niño, in Lima, Peru. Twelve patients had a confirmed diagnosis, 8 of whom were women, and the mean age was 10 years old. The majority (53%) of the cases were encountered in the summer. All patients reported having had contact with cats. Fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy and skin lesions were the most frequent clinical features. Twelve patients had indirect immunofluorescence antibody test titers of between 1/50 and 1/800 for Bartonella henselae and Bartonella clarridgeiae. Two lymph node biopsies were histologically compatible with CSD. No positive blood cultures could be obtained. This is the first Peruvian prospective study able to identify B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae in pediatric patients.

Domestic Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) infestation in Northern Peru: a comparative trial of detection methods during a six-month follow-up

Two passive methods in the assessment of intradomiciliary infestation by Rhodnius ecuadoriensis were tested: (i) the Gomes Nuñez sensor box (GN), (ii) sheets of white typing paper and (iii) one active timed manual method. The study was carried out in the Alto Chicama River Valley, Province of Gran Chimú, Department of La Libertad. The study design consisted of an initial searching of triatomines inside of the domestic environment by the manual capture active procedure (man/hour) covering all the studied houses. Then, matched pairs of GN boxes and paper sheets were simultaneously installed in the bedrooms of 207 households distributed in 19 localities. A comparative prospective trial of these passive detection devices were monitored at 2, 4 and, finally 6 months follow-up. Parasitological Trypanosoma rangeli and/or T. cruzi infections were investigated in two houses with high level of infestation by R. ecuadoriensis. 16.9% of the 207 households investigated by an initial active manual method were infested with R. ecuadoriensis. The proportion of infested houses fluctuated from 6.2 to 55.5% amongst the 19 localities investigated. T. rangeli natural infection was detected in R. ecuadoriensis specimens collected in two households. Parasite rates in the bugs ranged from 16.6 to 21.7% respectively. The most striking fact was an average rate of salivary gland infection ranging from 7.4 to 8.3%. At the end of the sixth month period, a cumulative incidence of 31.4% of positive GN boxes against 15.9% for paper sheets was recorded. All three methods combined detected domestic infestation in 129 (62.3%) of the 207 houses studied in the 19 localities. The range of houses infested varies from 6.7% to 92.9%. In areas with low bug density infestation rates, the methodology experienced in our studies, seems to be the best choice for investigations on domestic R. ecuadoriensis populations.

Pragmatismo e utopismo na criação urbanística de raíz portuguesa no século XVIII

pp. 103-112

First report of a human case of polycystic echinococcosis due to Echinococcus vogeli from neotropical area of Peru, South America

We report a human case of polycystic hidatidosis due to Echinococcus vogeli from Contamana (Department of Loreto) village located in the central jungle of Peru. The patient is a 44 year-old lady, teacher, who carried a painless liver mass since a year ago. She was submitted to abdominal surgery and the liver mass was removed and showed multiple cysts containing colorless liquid as is showed in the polycystic hidatidosis. The morphology and measure of the hooks obtained from the liquid contained in the cysts are from Echinococcus vogeli. It is the first report of this parasitism in Perú.

Síndroma Ovo-Ave na Criança:Um Caso Clínico

A síndroma ovo -ave é uma entidade clínica rara, em especial em idade pediátrica. Descreve -se o caso de criança de sexo masculino, 5 anos, que habita zona rural, com clínica sugestiva de alergia ao ovo e à carne de frango desde os 7 meses. Aos 2,5 anos apresenta queixas de asma brônquica, rinite alérgica e eczema atópico. Os testes cutâneos foram positivos para extractos de clara e gema de ovo. Dosearam -se IgE específi cas para clara e gema de ovo (>100 kU/L), carne de frango (1,0 kU/L), α -livetina (0,7 kU/L), penas de frango (15,3 kU/L). O estudo de immunoblotting evidenciou ligação de IgE a bandas com peso molecular entre 30-66 kDa e 32-45 kDa para clara e gema, respectivamente, 38/39/42 kDa para carne de frango e 33-45 kDa para penas de frango. Em doentes com alergia a carne de aves, expostos a factores ambientais de risco e sensibilização elevada a gema de ovo, dever -se -á suspeitar da síndroma ovo-ave.

Carrion's disease (Bartonellosis bacilliformis) confirmed by histopathology in the High Forest of Peru

Bartonellosis or Carrion's disease is endemic in some regions of Peru, classically found in the inter-Andean valleys located between 500 and 3200 meters above sea level. We report the case of a 43 year-old male patient, farmer, who was born in the Pichanaki district (Chanchamayo, Junin), located in the High Forest of Peru. He presented with disseminated, raised, erythematous cutaneous lesions, some of which bled. The distribution of these lesions included the nasal mucosa and penile region. Additionally subcutaneous nodules were distributed over the trunk and extremities. Hematologic exams showed a moderate anemia. Serologic studies for HIV and Treponema pallidum were negative. The histopathologic results of two biopsies were compatible with Peruvian wart. Oral treatment with ciprofloxacin (500 mg BID) was begun. Over 10 days, the patient showed clinical improvement. This is the first report of a confirmed case of bartonellosis in the eruptive phase originating from the Peruvian High Forest, showing the geographical expansion of the Carrion's disease.

A análise da proposta francesa de criação da comunidade europeia do carvão e do aço sob a óptica da teoria racional de escolha estratégica

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Políticas e Relações Internacionais

Cutaneous anthrax in Lima, Peru: retrospective analysis of 71 cases, including four with a meningoencephalic complication

Anthrax is a zoonosis produced by Bacillus anthracis, and as an human infection is endemic in several areas in the world, including Peru. More than 95% of the reported naturally acquired infections are cutaneous, and approximately 5% of them can progress to meningoencephalitis. In this study we review the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients with diagnosis of cutaneous anthrax evaluated between 1969 and 2002 at the Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia (HNCH) and the Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt in Lima, Peru. Seventy one patients were included [49/71 (69%) of them men], with a mean age of 37 years. The diagnoses were classified as definitive (44%) or probable (56%). The most common occupation of the patients was agriculture (39%). The source of infection was found in 63 (88.7%) patients. All the patients had ulcerative lesions, with a central necrosis. Most of the patients (65%) had several lesions, mainly located in the upper limbs (80%). Four patients (5.6%) developed meningoencephalitis, and three of them eventually died. In conclusion, considering its clinical and epidemiological characteristics, cutaneous anthrax must be included in the differential diagnosis of skin ulcers. A patient with clinical suspicion of the disease should receive effective treatment soon, in order to avoid neurological complications which carry a high fatality rate.

Fascioliasis in relatives of patients with Fasciola hepatica infection in Peru

High prevalence rates of human fascioliasis have been described in several regions of Peru. We surveyed 20 families in an endemic area of Peru in order to determine the proportion of infection with F. hepatica in relatives of diagnosed subjects and in order to identify associated risk factors. The study included feces and blood samples of 93 subjects. Ages ranged from one to 53 (mean = 18.6; SD = 14.2). The overall prevalence of fascioliasis by fecal examinations was 33.3% (n = 83) and by serology, 51.9% (n = 86). The prevalence in age group I (< 19 years old) by coprological and serological tests was 61.4% and 75.9%, respectively; in group II (> 19 years old) 15.4% and 37.5%. The main associated risk factor with fascioliasis was eating salads (OR = 3.29, CI = 1.2 - 9.0, p = 0.02). In conclusion, human fascioliasis is highly prevalent in the relatives of index cases and the most significant risk factor of acquiring fascioliasis in the family is eating salads in endemic areas.

O papel das experiências pessoais e profissionais na predisposição para a criação de novas iniciativas de empreendedorismo social

O objetivo desta investigação é compreender até que ponto a experiência passada do empreendedor social condicionou a decisão de lançamento de uma iniciativa social. A investigação adota uma metodologia quantitativa, o que implicou o recurso à construção de um questionário que foi aplicado, sob a forma de inquérito online, às Organizações Não Governamentais para o Desenvolvimento registadas em Portugal e aos projetos cotados na Bolsa de Valores Sociais. Para o tratamento e a análise dos dados foram aplicadas técnicas de análise descritiva e técnicas de estatística inferencial (teste binomial e teste do qui-quadrado do ajustamento). Os resultados deste estudo confirmam o papel relevante que as experiências profissionais e pessoais passadas têm sobre a adoção de um comportamento socialmente empreendedor

Apoio à gestão na tomada de decisão na ATAHCA: um estudo de caso

A informação assume, hoje em dia, uma importância crescente. Desde a sua constituição, as organizações produzem diariamente informação que alimenta o seu sistema de informação organizacional. Este, passa por um ciclo de vida que abrange processos relacionados com o seu planeamento e desenvolvimento, sem o qual não seria possível tomar decisões e dar resposta às solicitações do meio envolvente, devido ao enorme volume de dados a processar pelas organizações. Com este estágio pretende-se abordar a importância da informação na gestão do património da associação ATAHCA – Associação de Desenvolvimento das Terras Altas do Homem, Cávado e Ave, onde se incluem edifícios, mobiliário, obras de arte, máquinas, utensílios, ferramentas, meios de transporte e documentos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho consiste em desenvolver um sistema de apoio à tomada de decisão baseado na inventariação de todo o património. A criação de um manual de procedimentos é essencial para garantir o correto manuseamento do sistema e servirá de contributo à gestão eficaz da informação. O sistema de informação a desenvolver será um modelo de apoio à decisão que permita fazer a gestão do inventário/património, mas também que possibilite a quantificação e o valor patrimonial do mesmo. Pretende-se, ainda, discutir e analisar o contributo da gestão da informação no apoio à tomada de decisão assertiva e rentável para a organização.

Elaboração de uma proposta de modelo de website temático da série “Sinais de Entrada (1790-1926)” da secção “Criação dos Expostos” do Fundo Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa

Relatório de Estágio de Mestrado em Ciências da Informação e da Documentação - Arquivística

O reflexo revisitável. Inerências temporais e estéticas da criação e recepção cinemática

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Filosofia, área de especialização em Estética,

Contributos legislativos para a criação de empresas cooperativas: a livre fixação do capital social

Num contexto em que as dinâmicas europeias em matéria de empreendedorismo e empresas sociais apelam à melhoria do ambiente legal, este estudo debruça-se sobre a oportunidade da consagração do princípio da livre fixação nos estatutos da cooperativa do montante do capital social. Esta solução legislativa permitirá reduzir os custos de contexto para a constituição da cooperativa e evitar o risco de fuga para formas societárias com regimes mais favoráveis em matéria de capital social mínimo. Constata-se que nas cooperativas, mais intensamente do que nas sociedades comerciais, o capital social mínimo não desempenha eficientemente as funções que lhe são tradicionalmente atribuídas. Conclui-se, igualmente, que a avaliação do nível de capitalização das cooperativas não pode atender apenas a este instituto, devendo ter em conta o património da cooperativa ressalvado para garantia dos credores, com particular destaque para a reserva legal.

Clinical and serological evidence of Toxocara infection in school children from Morrope District, Lambayeque, Peru

The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of human toxocariosis in a child population from Morrope district, Lambayeque, Peru. From October to December 2005, 182 school children (96 male and 86 female) were studied. Blood samples were collected for Toxocara ELISA-IgG test and hematological examination. Additionally, stool samples were collected for coproparasitological examination to check cross reactions. We found frequency of positives in 32.4% (59/182) with a significant higher proportion of positivity in male children (p < 0.00001). 71.2% of the children with positive serology (52 male and seven female), were between five and 10 years old, 77.96% had respiratory symptoms, 61.02% had ocular manifestations, 38.98% had hepatic symptoms, 38.98% had mild or moderate eosinophilia, signs statistically associated with seropositivity. 83.5% of studied population had some intestinal parasite, such as: Blastocystis hominis (53.3%), Giardia lamblia (31.3%), Entamoeba coli (29.1%), Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (1.1%), Hymenolepis nana (5.49%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (3.3%), but they had not any association with serology results. The ownership of dogs or/and cats were significantly associated with seropositivity to anti-Toxocara antibodies although the presence of such pets within the house was not. In conclusion, clinical and serological evidence of Toxocara infection exists in the studied population.