Tensiones y paradojas sobre Discapacidad y Educación. Avances de una investigación

Este trabajo presenta los avances de la investigación del Proyecto acreditado: Prácticas y Discursos sobre Discapacidad, Cuerpo y Educación. Asentado en Centro de Investigación Cuerpo, Educación y Sociedad (C.I.C.E.S.), dependiente del Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (IdIHCS) - UNLP-CONICET. Los debates presentados al interior del equipo como a través de entrevistas a diferentes actores sociales, nos permite abrir hoy una serie de interrogantes respecto de ciertas tensiones y paradojas presentadas en el transcurso del estudio. La implicancia que en la actualidad tiene la política de inclusión educativa en general con la trayectoria de la educación especial, genera diferentes perspectivas en los discursos y las practicas instituidas e instituyentes en discapacidad. La discapacidad es un concepto construido socialmente sobre el cual todos tenemos alguna idea al respecto, y que habla del modo que se producen los sujetos y grupos en una comunidad en un contexto socio histórico especifico, otorgando significados, interpretando la realidad cotidiana, creando y transformando conocimientos y prácticas. Así, el otorgamiento del significante discapacidad construye un ?sujeto discapacitado?, dando una identidad desde el déficit. En este sentido, las concepciones que los distintos actores sociales tienen sobre la discapacidad no es un elemento menor a la hora de pensar las prácticas educativas, siendo la escuela una histórica constructora de discursos sobre la normalidad y el déficit. El objetivo de este trabajo es mencionar avances con respecto a sentidos y paradojas encontrados en las leyes, circulares, normativas y resoluciones educativas, tanto a nivel nacional como provincial en materia de inclusión. Considerando las mismas como producciones discursivas que promueven, regulan y expresan prácticas

Entre reglas y excepciones. Es decir, como legitimar las decisiones colectivas

El ensayo examina la cuestión de la aplicación de las reglas y de la capacidad real para tratar casos específicos, llegando a la conclusión de que es la excepción la que confirma la regla, a condición de que sea dialógicamente construida, para que sea interpretable y aplicable por parte de sus numerosos destinatarios en las políticas públicas más complejas y conflictuales, sobre todo a nivel local.

Tensiones y paradojas sobre Discapacidad y Educación. Avances de una investigación

Este trabajo presenta los avances de la investigación del Proyecto acreditado: Prácticas y Discursos sobre Discapacidad, Cuerpo y Educación. Asentado en Centro de Investigación Cuerpo, Educación y Sociedad (C.I.C.E.S.), dependiente del Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (IdIHCS) - UNLP-CONICET. Los debates presentados al interior del equipo como a través de entrevistas a diferentes actores sociales, nos permite abrir hoy una serie de interrogantes respecto de ciertas tensiones y paradojas presentadas en el transcurso del estudio. La implicancia que en la actualidad tiene la política de inclusión educativa en general con la trayectoria de la educación especial, genera diferentes perspectivas en los discursos y las practicas instituidas e instituyentes en discapacidad. La discapacidad es un concepto construido socialmente sobre el cual todos tenemos alguna idea al respecto, y que habla del modo que se producen los sujetos y grupos en una comunidad en un contexto socio histórico especifico, otorgando significados, interpretando la realidad cotidiana, creando y transformando conocimientos y prácticas. Así, el otorgamiento del significante discapacidad construye un ?sujeto discapacitado?, dando una identidad desde el déficit. En este sentido, las concepciones que los distintos actores sociales tienen sobre la discapacidad no es un elemento menor a la hora de pensar las prácticas educativas, siendo la escuela una histórica constructora de discursos sobre la normalidad y el déficit. El objetivo de este trabajo es mencionar avances con respecto a sentidos y paradojas encontrados en las leyes, circulares, normativas y resoluciones educativas, tanto a nivel nacional como provincial en materia de inclusión. Considerando las mismas como producciones discursivas que promueven, regulan y expresan prácticas

Segunda conferencia histórica de propaganda patriótica

En esta conferencia se desarrollo el tema: José Simeón Cañas y la abolición de la de la esclavitud en Centro América.

Nuevos estudios : historia, política, literatura, crítica, arte, sociología, derecho internacional, enseñanza

El autor en este libro reune los estudios hechos por él y publicados en periodicos salvadoreños y guatemaltecos, así como también escritos inéditos. Los temas en su mayor parte se rozan con la política, pero no la política con extraviado criterio y mezquinos fines que se pone en práctica en Centro-América, sino con la política verdadera, que por sus principios científicos y elevados ideales, ha de transformar el carácter y la suerte de estos países. Algunos escritos del autor se enmarcan en el contexto del ideal unionista, suprema aspiración y gloriosa meta del patriotismo.Esta edición de Los Nuevos Estudios incluye además temas relacionados con la historia, la literatura, el arte, la sociología, el derecho internacional, etc. y en todos ha procurado consignar los mejores y más avanzadas doctrinas de cada una de las respectivas materias.

Frente al peligro: al margen del imperialismo yanqui

El sentimiento de solidaridad continental por la autonomía patria impulsó en el año de 1913 a publicar una serie de artículos del pretendido proyecto de Estados Unidos para establecer su protectorado en Centro-América. Este libro se escribió en un momento supremo y de alta significación histórica, se trata de un tema inagotable e inmenso que tiende a definir y a asegurar el sólido prestigio y la independencia de nuestra patria. El problema internacional aquí contenido en síntesis es siempre de una trágica e imprescindible actualidad y con esta publicación se cumple con el deber de franco patriotismo y de máximo desinterés, su publicación es el resultado de un esfuerzo puramente personal del autor.

Impact of Thresholds and Load Patterns when Executing HPC Applications with Cloud Elasticity

Elasticity is one of the most known capabilities related to cloud computing, being largely deployed reactively using thresholds. In this way, maximum and minimum limits are used to drive resource allocation and deallocation actions, leading to the following problem statements: How can cloud users set the threshold values to enable elasticity in their cloud applications? And what is the impact of the application’s load pattern in the elasticity? This article tries to answer these questions for iterative high performance computing applications, showing the impact of both thresholds and load patterns on application performance and resource consumption. To accomplish this, we developed a reactive and PaaS-based elasticity model called AutoElastic and employed it over a private cloud to execute a numerical integration application. Here, we are presenting an analysis of best practices and possible optimizations regarding the elasticity and HPC pair. Considering the results, we observed that the maximum threshold influences the application time more than the minimum one. We concluded that threshold values close to 100% of CPU load are directly related to a weaker reactivity, postponing resource reconfiguration when its activation in advance could be pertinent for reducing the application runtime.

Balancing Energy and Performance in Dense Linear System Solvers for Hybrid ARM+GPU platforms

The high performance computing community has traditionally focused uniquely on the reduction of execution time, though in the last years, the optimization of energy consumption has become a main issue. A reduction of energy usage without a degradation of performance requires the adoption of energy-efficient hardware platforms accompanied by the development of energy-aware algorithms and computational kernels. The solution of linear systems is a key operation for many scientific and engineering problems. Its relevance has motivated an important amount of work, and consequently, it is possible to find high performance solvers for a wide variety of hardware platforms. In this work, we aim to develop a high performance and energy-efficient linear system solver. In particular, we develop two solvers for a low-power CPU-GPU platform, the NVIDIA Jetson TK1. These solvers implement the Gauss-Huard algorithm yielding an efficient usage of the target hardware as well as an efficient memory access. The experimental evaluation shows that the novel proposal reports important savings in both time and energy-consumption when compared with the state-of-the-art solvers of the platform.

Assessing a Methodological Proposal for the Design, Creation and Evaluation of Learning Objects Oriented to Educators with Diverse Educational and Technological Competencies

This paper describes a methodological proposal for the design, creation and evaluation of Learning Objects (LOs). This study arises from the compilation and analysis of several LO design methodologies currently used in Ibero-America. This proposal, which has been named DICREVOA, defines five different phases: analysis, design (instructional and multimedia), implementation (LO and metadata), evaluation (from the perspective of both the producer and the consumer of the LO), and publishing. The methodology focuses not only on the teaching inexperienced, but also on those having a basic understanding of the technological and educational aspects related to LO design; therefore, the study emphasizes LO design activities centered around the Kolb cycle and the use of the ExeLearning tool in order to implement the LO core. Additionally, DICREVOA was used in a case study, which demonstrates how it provides a feasible mechanism for LO design and implementation within different contexts. Finally, DICREVOA, the case study to which it was applied, and the results obtained are presented

PICTOAPRENDE: Design and evaluation of a tool that contributes to the personal autonomy of children and youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in Ecuador

This paper presents the development and evaluation of PICTOAPRENDE, which is an interactive software designed to improve oral communication. Additionally, it contributes to the development of children and youth who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Ecuador. To fulfill this purpose initially analyzes the intervention area where the general characteristics of people with ASD and their status in Ecuador is described. Statistical techniques used for this evaluation constitutes the basis of this study. A section that presents the development of research-based cognitive and social parameters of the area of intervention is also shown. Finally, the algorithms to obtain the measurements and experimental results along with the analysis of them are presented.

Philosophy of Computer Science and its Effect on Education: Towards the Construction of an Interdisciplinary Group

This article presents an interdisciplinary experience that brings together two areas of computer science; didactics and philosophy. As such, the article introduces a relatively unexplored area of research, not only in Uruguay but in the whole Latin American region. The reflection on the ontological status of computer science, its epistemic and educational problems, as well as their relationship with technology, allows us to elaborate a critical analysis of the discipline and a social perception of it as a basic science.

Vulcanus 2.0: A Recommender System for Accessibility

Even though the use of recommender systems is already widely spread in several application areas, there is still a lack of studies for accessibility research field. One of these attempts to use recommender system benefits for accessibility needs is Vulcanus. The Vulcanus recommender system uses similarity analysis to compare user’s trails. In this way, it is possible to take advantage of the user’s past behavior and distribute personalized content and services. The Vulcanus combined concepts from ubiquitous computing, such as user profiles, context awareness, trails management, and similarity analysis. It uses two different approaches for trails similarity analysis: resources patterns and categories patterns. In this work we performed an asymptotic analysis, identifying Vulcanus’ algorithm complexity. Furthermore we also propose improvements achieved by dynamic programming technique, so the ordinary case is improved by using a bottom-up approach. With that approach, many unnecessary comparisons can be skipped and now Vulcanus 2.0 is presented with improvements in its average case scenario.

Combining Leaf Shape and Texture for Costa Rican Plant Species Identification

In the last decade, research in Computer Vision has developed several algorithms to help botanists and non-experts to classify plants based on images of their leaves. LeafSnap is a mobile application that uses a multiscale curvature model of the leaf margin to classify leaf images into species. It has achieved high levels of accuracy on 184 tree species from Northeast US. We extend the research that led to the development of LeafSnap along two lines. First, LeafSnap’s underlying algorithms are applied to a set of 66 tree species from Costa Rica. Then, texture is used as an additional criterion to measure the level of improvement achieved in the automatic identification of Costa Rica tree species. A 25.6% improvement was achieved for a Costa Rican clean image dataset and 42.5% for a Costa Rican noisy image dataset. In both cases, our results show this increment as statistically significant. Further statistical analysis of visual noise impact, best algorithm combinations per species, and best value of , the minimal cardinality of the set of candidate species that the tested algorithms render as best matches is also presented in this research

An Adaptive and Hybrid Approach to Revisiting the Visibility Pipeline

We revisit the visibility problem, which is traditionally known in Computer Graphics and Vision fields as the process of computing a (potentially) visible set of primitives in the computational model of a scene. We propose a hybrid solution that uses a dry structure (in the sense of data reduction), a triangulation of the type , to accelerate the task of searching for visible primitives. We came up with a solution that is useful for real-time, on-line, interactive applications as 3D visualization. In such applications the main goal is to load the minimum amount of primitives from the scene during the rendering stage, as possible. For this purpose, our algorithm executes the culling by using a hybrid paradigm based on viewing-frustum, back-face culling and occlusion models. Results have shown substantial improvement over these traditional approaches if applied separately. This novel approach can be used in devices with no dedicated processors or with low processing power, as cell phones or embedded displays, or to visualize data through the Internet, as in virtual museums applications.

Women’s involvement in clinical trials: historical perspective and future implications

The importance of considering the differences between the male and female sex in clinical decision-making is crucial. However, it has been acknowledged in recent decades that clinical trials have not always adequately enrolled women or analyzed sex-specific differences in the data. As these deficiencies have hindered the progress of understanding women’s response to medications, agencies in the United States have worked towards the inclusion of women in clinical trials and appropriate analysis of sex-specific data from clinical trials. This review outlines the history and progress of women’s inclusion in clinical trials for prescription drugs and presents considerations for researchers, clinicians, and academicians on this issue.