Preserving Cultural Heritage Using Open Source Collection Management Tools

Open source software (OSS) popularity is growing steadily and many OSS systems could be used to preserve cultural heritage objects. Such solutions give the opportunity to organizations to afford the development of a digital collection. This paper focuses on reviewing two OSS tools, CollectionSpace and the Open Video Digital Library Toolkit and discuss on how these could be used for organizing digital replicas of cultural objects. The features of the software are presented and some examples are given.

Social network structure as a critical success condition for open source software project communities

In recent years, a surprising new phenomenon has emerged in which globally-distributed online communities collaborate to create useful and sophisticated computer software. These open source software groups are comprised of generally unaffiliated individuals and organizations who work in a seemingly chaotic fashion and who participate on a voluntary basis without direct financial incentive. ^ The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the social network structure of these intriguing groups and their level of output and activity, where social network structure is defined as (1) closure or connectedness within the group, (2) bridging ties which extend outside of the group, and (3) leader centrality within the group. Based on well-tested theories of social capital and centrality in teams, propositions were formulated which suggest that social network structures associated with successful open source software project communities will exhibit high levels of bridging and moderate levels of closure and leader centrality. ^ The research setting was the SourceForge hosting organization and a study population of 143 project communities was identified. Independent variables included measures of closure and leader centrality defined over conversational ties, along with measures of bridging defined over membership ties. Dependent variables included source code commits and software releases for community output, and software downloads and project site page views for community activity. A cross-sectional study design was used and archival data were extracted and aggregated for the two-year period following the first release of project software. The resulting compiled variables were analyzed using multiple linear and quadratic regressions, controlling for group size and conversational volume. ^ Contrary to theory-based expectations, the surprising results showed that successful project groups exhibited low levels of closure and that the levels of bridging and leader centrality were not important factors of success. These findings suggest that the creation and use of open source software may represent a fundamentally new socio-technical development process which disrupts the team paradigm and which triggers the need for building new theories of collaborative development. These new theories could point towards the broader application of open source methods for the creation of knowledge-based products other than software. ^

Moving toward change: Institutionalizing reform through implementation of the Learning Assistant model and Open Source Tutorials

Florida International University has undergone a reform in the introductory physics classes by focusing on the laboratory component of these classes. We present results from the secondary implementation of two research-based instructional strategies: the implementation of the Learning Assistant model as developed by the University of Colorado at Boulder and the Open Source Tutorial curriculum developed at the University of Maryland, College Park. We examine the results of the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) for introductory students over five years (n=872) and find that the mean raw gain of students in transformed lab sections was 0.243, while the mean raw gain of the traditional labs was 0.159, with a Cohen’s d effect size of 0.59. Average raw gains on the FCI were 0.243 for Hispanic students and 0.213 for women in the transformed labs, indicating that these reforms are not widening the gaps between underrepresented student groups and majority groups. Our results illustrate how research-based instructional strategies can be successfully implemented in a physics department with minimal department engagement and in a sustainable manner.

Social Network Structure as a Critical Success Condition for Open Source Software Project Communities

In recent years, a surprising new phenomenon has emerged in which globally-distributed online communities collaborate to create useful and sophisticated computer software. These open source software groups are comprised of generally unaffiliated individuals and organizations who work in a seemingly chaotic fashion and who participate on a voluntary basis without direct financial incentive. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the social network structure of these intriguing groups and their level of output and activity, where social network structure is defined as 1) closure or connectedness within the group, 2) bridging ties which extend outside of the group, and 3) leader centrality within the group. Based on well-tested theories of social capital and centrality in teams, propositions were formulated which suggest that social network structures associated with successful open source software project communities will exhibit high levels of bridging and moderate levels of closure and leader centrality. The research setting was the SourceForge hosting organization and a study population of 143 project communities was identified. Independent variables included measures of closure and leader centrality defined over conversational ties, along with measures of bridging defined over membership ties. Dependent variables included source code commits and software releases for community output, and software downloads and project site page views for community activity. A cross-sectional study design was used and archival data were extracted and aggregated for the two-year period following the first release of project software. The resulting compiled variables were analyzed using multiple linear and quadratic regressions, controlling for group size and conversational volume. Contrary to theory-based expectations, the surprising results showed that successful project groups exhibited low levels of closure and that the levels of bridging and leader centrality were not important factors of success. These findings suggest that the creation and use of open source software may represent a fundamentally new socio-technical development process which disrupts the team paradigm and which triggers the need for building new theories of collaborative development. These new theories could point towards the broader application of open source methods for the creation of knowledge-based products other than software.

Construção de um classificador automático de severidade de bugs para sistemas open source

Software bug analysis is one of the most important activities in Software Quality. The rapid and correct implementation of the necessary repair influence both developers, who must leave the fully functioning software, and users, who need to perform their daily tasks. In this context, if there is an incorrect classification of bugs, there may be unwanted situations. One of the main factors to be assigned bugs in the act of its initial report is severity, which lives up to the urgency of correcting that problem. In this scenario, we identified in datasets with data extracted from five open source systems (Apache, Eclipse, Kernel, Mozilla and Open Office), that there is an irregular distribution of bugs with respect to existing severities, which is an early sign of misclassification. In the dataset analyzed, exists a rate of about 85% bugs being ranked with normal severity. Therefore, this classification rate can have a negative influence on software development context, where the misclassified bug can be allocated to a developer with little experience to solve it and thus the correction of the same may take longer, or even generate a incorrect implementation. Several studies in the literature have disregarded the normal bugs, working only with the portion of bugs considered severe or not severe initially. This work aimed to investigate this portion of the data, with the purpose of identifying whether the normal severity reflects the real impact and urgency, to investigate if there are bugs (initially classified as normal) that could be classified with other severity, and to assess if there are impacts for developers in this context. For this, an automatic classifier was developed, which was based on three algorithms (Näive Bayes, Max Ent and Winnow) to assess if normal severity is correct for the bugs categorized initially with this severity. The algorithms presented accuracy of about 80%, and showed that between 21% and 36% of the bugs should have been classified differently (depending on the algorithm), which represents somewhere between 70,000 and 130,000 bugs of the dataset.

Open-source virtual bronchoscopy for image guided navigation

This thesis describes the development of an open-source system for virtual bronchoscopy used in combination with electromagnetic instrument tracking. The end application is virtual navigation of the lung for biopsy of early stage cancer nodules. The open-source platform 3D Slicer was used for creating freely available algorithms for virtual bronchscopy. Firstly, the development of an open-source semi-automatic algorithm for prediction of solitary pulmonary nodule malignancy is presented. This approach may help the physician decide whether to proceed with biopsy of the nodule. The user-selected nodule is segmented in order to extract radiological characteristics (i.e., size, location, edge smoothness, calcification presence, cavity wall thickness) which are combined with patient information to calculate likelihood of malignancy. The overall accuracy of the algorithm is shown to be high compared to independent experts' assessment of malignancy. The algorithm is also compared with two different predictors, and our approach is shown to provide the best overall prediction accuracy. The development of an airway segmentation algorithm which extracts the airway tree from surrounding structures on chest Computed Tomography (CT) images is then described. This represents the first fundamental step toward the creation of a virtual bronchoscopy system. Clinical and ex-vivo images are used to evaluate performance of the algorithm. Different CT scan parameters are investigated and parameters for successful airway segmentation are optimized. Slice thickness is the most affecting parameter, while variation of reconstruction kernel and radiation dose is shown to be less critical. Airway segmentation is used to create a 3D rendered model of the airway tree for virtual navigation. Finally, the first open-source virtual bronchoscopy system was combined with electromagnetic tracking of the bronchoscope for the development of a GPS-like system for navigating within the lungs. Tools for pre-procedural planning and for helping with navigation are provided. Registration between the lungs of the patient and the virtually reconstructed airway tree is achieved using a landmark-based approach. In an attempt to reduce difficulties with registration errors, we also implemented a landmark-free registration method based on a balanced airway survey. In-vitro and in-vivo testing showed good accuracy for this registration approach. The centreline of the 3D airway model is extracted and used to compensate for possible registration errors. Tools are provided to select a target for biopsy on the patient CT image, and pathways from the trachea towards the selected targets are automatically created. The pathways guide the physician during navigation, while distance to target information is updated in real-time and presented to the user. During navigation, video from the bronchoscope is streamed and presented to the physician next to the 3D rendered image. The electromagnetic tracking is implemented with 5 DOF sensing that does not provide roll rotation information. An intensity-based image registration approach is implemented to rotate the virtual image according to the bronchoscope's rotations. The virtual bronchoscopy system is shown to be easy to use and accurate in replicating the clinical setting, as demonstrated in the pre-clinical environment of a breathing lung method. Animal studies were performed to evaluate the overall system performance.

Progetto e sviluppo di un banco di prova per sistemi di determinazione e controllo d'assetto di CubeSat

Progettazione di dettaglio di un banco di prova per testare sistemi ADCS per CubeSat: Alma Test-Bed. Ci si è concentrati sul progetto di un primo nucleo di AlmaTB in grado di testare il controllo di tipo magnetico. Fanno parte di AlmaTB una gabbia di Helmholtz, un air-bearing system, un CubeSat di test, un metrology system. La gabbia di Helmholtz è un apparato costituito da tre coppie di bobine, una per ogni asse spaziale, che serve ad annullare il campo magnetico locale e simulare quello che si troverà in orbita attorno alla Terra. Un software ricava i dati del campo magnetico terrestre da modello IGRF a determinate coordinate e quota e fornisce agli alimentatori del set di bobine l'indicazione della corrente da distribuire. L'air-bearing system è un cuscinetto d'aria generato da un compressore che serve a ricreare le caratteristiche condizioni dell'ambiente spaziale di microgravità e attrito quasi-zero. Il CubeSat di test sarà montato su questo sistema. Il CubeSat di test, nella prima versione di AlmaTB, contiene i sensori e gli attuatori di tipo magnetico per determinare e controllare l'assetto di un nanosatellite. Il magnetometro presente all'interno è utilizzato anche come controllo del funzionamento della gabbia di Helmholtz. Il metrology system traccia i movimenti e l'inclinazione del CubeSat. Questo fornisce il riferimento di assetto vero, in modo da capire se il sistema ADCS lavora correttamente. Una volta che il banco di prova sarà completato e operativo sarà possibile testare algoritmi di determinazione e controllo di assetto che utilizzano diversi dispositivi tra sensori e attuatori disponibili nel mock-up. Su una workstation sono installati i software di controllo ed elaborazione dati. Si è scelto di procedere con un approccio di tipo "chiavi in mano", cioè scegliendo, quando disponibile, sistemi già completi e disponibili sul mercato. La prima versione di AlmaTB nasce dall'importante, vasto lavoro di matching tra i diversi apparati.

Aufbau von Blended Learning mit der open source E-Lernplattform ILIAS an einer Campus-Universität. Was motiviert zum Einsatz im Lehr- und Lernalltag?

In diesem Beitrag geht es um das Projekt E-Lernen auf der ILIAS-Plattform an der Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg (E-L I-P UniBwH). Ziel des Projekts ist es, die Präsenzlehre mit dem Einsatz elektronischer Medien zu unterstützen. Im Beitrag werden Ansatzpunkte dargestellt, die die Lehrenden zum Gebrauch der E-Lernplattform motivieren. Es werden Bedarfsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, für die eine E-Lernplattform eine mögliche Lösung sein kann, sowie die Rahmenbedingungen benannt, unter denen sie eingesetzt wird. Ziel ist es, die Nachhaltigkeit des E-Lernens an der UniBwH zu fördern.(DIPF/Orig.)

Public firm sponsorship of open source software: A knowledge-based approach to open innovation

As an emerging innovation paradigm gaining momentum in recent years, the open innovation paradigm is calling for greater theoretical depth and more empirical research. This dissertation proposes that open innovation in the context of open source software sponsorship may be viewed as knowledge strategies of the firm. Hence, this dissertation examines the performance determinants of open innovation through the lens of knowledge-based perspectives. Using event study and regression methodologies, this dissertation found that these open source software sponsorship events can indeed boost the stock market performance of US public firms. In addition, both the knowledge capabilities of the firms and the knowledge profiles of the open source projects they sponsor matter for performance. In terms of firm knowledge capabilities, internet service firms perform better than other firms owing to their advantageous complementary capabilities. Also, strong knowledge exploitation capabilities of the firm are positively associated with performance. In terms of the knowledge profile of sponsored projects, platform projects perform better than component projects. Also, community-originated projects outperform firm-originated projects. Finally, based on these findings, this dissertation discussed the important theoretical implications for the strategic tradeoff between knowledge protection and sharing.

DIY Archives: Enhancing Access to Collections via Free, Open-Source Platforms

Presentation from the MARAC conference in Boston, MA on March 18-21, 2015. S. 24 - DIY Archives: Enhancing Access to Collections via Free, Open-Source Platforms

Acumen : an open-source testbed for cyber-physical systems research

Developing Cyber-Physical Systems requires methods and tools to support simulation and verification of hybrid (both continuous and discrete) models. The Acumen modeling and simulation language is an open source testbed for exploring the design space of what rigorousbut- practical next-generation tools can deliver to developers of Cyber- Physical Systems. Like verification tools, a design goal for Acumen is to provide rigorous results. Like simulation tools, it aims to be intuitive, practical, and scalable. However, it is far from evident whether these two goals can be achieved simultaneously. This paper explains the primary design goals for Acumen, the core challenges that must be addressed in order to achieve these goals, the “agile research method” taken by the project, the steps taken to realize these goals, the key lessons learned, and the emerging language design.

Progettazione di un sistema per la movimentazione del simulatore di Sole di un banco di prova per la determinazione e il controllo d'assetto di nanosatelliti

Nel presente documento si discute la progettazione di una guida lineare curva allo scopo di permettere la movimentazione di un simulatore di Sole per nanosatelliti. Vengono presentati i nanosatelliti e vengono introdotti alcuni metodi di rappresentazione d’assetto, per proseguire con una descrizione dei sensori di Sole per la determinazione d’assetto. Si descrive, poi, il banco di prova per il controllo e la determinazione d’assetto presente nel Laboratorio di Microsatelliti e Microsistemi Spaziali e, di seguito, il progetto delle guide con il confronto tra le opzioni commerciali disponibili. Infine, si descrive la progettazione degli elementi di collegamento tra il simulatore e i cursori.

Analisi sperimentale delle prestazioni di una pompa di calore dual-source in configurazione geotermica al variare della lunghezza del campo sonde

Nell’ambito di questa Tesi è stata svolta un’analisi sperimentale delle prestazioni di una pompa di calore dual-source (DSHP). Essa è una pompa di calore a doppia sorgente in grado di scambiare potenza termica con due diversi serbatoi termici esterni: aria e terreno. Il campo sonde è composto da quattro sonde geotermiche a doppio tubo ad U, due da 60m e due da 100m, disposte in linea ed accoppiate ad una camera climatica per test su pompe di calore elettriche. Sono stati eseguiti test sul prototipo DSHP in configurazione geotermica stabilendo dei criteri per lo svolgimento delle prove, che in corso d’opera sono stati perfezionati. è stata eseguita la calibrazione dei sensori di temperatura, le termocoppie e le termoresistenze, che sono state collocate lungo il circuito idronico e in camera climatica, dove è installata la DSHP. Invece, per monitorare la temperatura del terreno viene impiegato un filo in fibra ottica inserito rispettivamente nella mandata e nel ritorno di uno dei tubi ad U delle sonde da 60m e da 100m. Si è stabilito di affidarci esclusivamente ai valori di offset che la centralina DTS, alla quale sono collegati i quattro filamenti in fibra ottica, applica di volta in volta sulle misurazioni di temperatura. È stata curata nel dettaglio una prova condotta mantenendo attive tutte le sonde del campo geotermico. Al fine di definire le prestazioni della pompa di calore, è stato eseguito il calcolo del Coefficient of Performance (COP) della macchina lungo lo svolgimento della prova, in modo da poter confrontare questo risultato con quelli ottenuti nelle differenti configurazioni analizzate in questa Tesi. I risultati contenuti in questa tesi hanno permesso di stabilire i tempi di scarica e recupero del terreno, l’entità dell’interferenza che si genera tra sonde adiacenti sottoposte ad un carico termico e di studiare il comportamento del terreno nei suoi strati più superficiali in funzione delle condizioni metereologiche esterne.

Current State of Ontology Matching. A Survey of Ontology and Schema Matching

Ontology matching is an important task when data from multiple data sources is integrated. Problems of ontology matching have been studied widely in the researchliterature and many different solutions and approaches have been proposed alsoin commercial software tools. In this survey, well-known approaches of ontologymatching, and its subtype schema matching, are reviewed and compared. The aimof this report is to summarize the knowledge about the state-of-the-art solutionsfrom the research literature, discuss how the methods work on different application domains, and analyze pros and cons of different open source and academic tools inthe commercial world.