988 resultados para NETTRA-G1-FIFO.


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分别取行天然雌核发育繁殖的银鲫和两性生殖的彩鲫的卵母细胞为材料 ,提取总RNA ,分离mRNA ,进而反转录合成cDNA并定向插入λgtllSfi Not克隆载体 ,经体外包装构建了银鲫与彩鲫卵母细胞的表达型cDNA文库。测试结果表明库容量分别达到 3 1× 1 0 6(银鲫 )和 1 6× 1 0 6(彩鲫 )。进一步人工合成CyclinA1 保守引物 ,采用PCR扩增文库的方法 ,克隆了银鲫 (1 61 6bp)与彩鲫 (1 62 6bp)的CyclinA1 全长cDNA。序列分析结果表明 :两种鱼编

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取源于武汉两个不同渔场两尾白鲢的卵子,经紫外照射遗传物质失活的鲤鱼精子刺激雌核发育和热休克诱导第二极体保留的基因组操作技术,获得了两个不同的人工雌核发育白鲢群体。采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板电泳技术,分析了这两个不同人工雌核发育白鲢群体(分别称为Hy-G1和Hy-G2)内不同个体的肝脏、肌肉组织以及红细胞中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、酯酶(EST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等几种同工酶的表达谱式,并与普通繁殖的同龄白鲢进行了比较。结果表明,各个雌核发育白鲢群体内不同个体间的酶谱表现出很大程度的一

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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is one of the TNF superfamily members, participating in many biological processes including cell proliferation and apoptotic death. In this study, a TRAIL gene was cloned from a perciform fish, the mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi, a major cultured fish in China's aquaculture, and is named as SCTRAIL for S. chuatsi TRAIL. The full-length cDNA of SCTRAIL is 1359 bp, encoding a 283-amino-acid protein. This deduced protein contains the CYS231, a 23-mer fragment of transmembrane region, a glycosylation site and a TNF family signature, all of which are conserved among TRAIL members. SCTRAIL gene consists of six exons, with five intervening introns, spaced over approximately 9 kb of genomic sequence. Southern blotting demonstrated that the SCTRAIL gene is present as a single copy in mandarin fish genome. A 620 bp promoter region obtained by genome walking contains a number of putative transcription factor binding sites, such as Oct-1, Sp-1, NF-1, RAP-1, C/EBPaLp, NF-kappa B and AP-1. The SCTRAIL is constitutively expressed in all the analyzed tissues, as revealed by RT-PCR, which is confirmed by Western blotting analysis using polyclonal antibody against bacteria-derived recombinant SCTRAIL protein. As an apoptosis-inducing ligand, the overexpression of SCTRAIL but not the mutant SCTRAIL-C203S in HeLa cells induced changes characteristic of apoptosis, including chromatin condensation, nucleus fragmentation, DNA ladder, and increase of sub-G0/G1 cells in FACS analysis. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) from blue-green algae has been reported to have various pharmacological characteristics, including antiinflammatory and anti-tumor activities. In this study, we expressed the beta-subunit of C-PC (ref to as C-POP) in Escherichia coli. We found that the recombinant C-PC/beta has anti-cancer properties. Under the treatment of 5 mu M of the recombinant C-PC/beta, four different cancer cell lines accrued high proliferation inhibition and apoptotic induction. Substantially, a lower response occurred in non-cancer cells. We investigated the mechanism by which C-PC/beta inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. We found that the C-PC/beta interacts with membrane-associated beta-tubulin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Under the treatment of the C-PC/beta, depolymerization of microtubules and actin-filaments were observed. The cells underwent apoptosis with an increase in caspase-3, and caspase-8 activities. The cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase under the treatment of C-PC/beta. In addition, the nuclear level of GAPDH decreased significantly. Decrease in the nuclear level of GAPDH prevents the cell cycle from entering into the S phase. Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis may potentate the C-POP as a promising cancer prevention or therapy agent. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Submitted by 阎军 (yanj@red.semi.ac.cn) on 2010-04-07T05:12:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 刘蕾.pdf: 905512 bytes, checksum: 70a01dddda97f75dad960dd632bb30e0 (MD5)

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共轭树枝状大分子在电致发光、薄膜晶体管、非线性光学以及光合成过程人工模拟中具有潜在的应用前景。然而,为了实现上述应用,我们需要探讨新的合成方法和更深入地探讨树枝状大分子内部电子或能量的传输过程。本人在王佛松院士和王献红研究员的悉心指导下,对官能化苯乙炔树枝状大分子的合成及性质进行了初步的研究。主要工作总结如下:一、采用新的合成方案合成苯乙炔树枝状大分子。利用树脂固载的重复“收敛/发散”的合成方案合成高溶解性苯乙炔类树枝状大分子,每次重复后,代数以2的指数次方在增长、每一步的分离纯化都是相当容易的,产物只需充分冲洗,即可达到分离纯化的目的,克服了收敛和发散中存在的缺陷。这个方案的另一个重要进步在于其中心及末梢都容易官能化,在其中心或末端连上不同的电活性或光活性基团可实现这种树枝大分子的多方面应用。二、氧化还原活性的苯乙炔树枝状大分子的合成。将苯乙炔树状大分子的中心键合上具有氧化还原活性的二茂铁基团,得到一代、二代、四代电活性树枝状大分子。三、氧化还原活性的苯乙炔树枝大分子的电化学性质。对所合成的一代、二代、四代电活性树枝状大分子进行计时安培方法和循环伏安测试分别得到扩散系数D_0和标准电子转移速率常数k_0,它们都随着树枝状大分子代数的增长呈现明显的衰减现象。通过电化学方法揭示了随着树枝状大分子代数的增加,电极与氧化还原电对之间的电子转移呈现了明显的衰减关系。树枝状大分子Fc-G1, Fc-G2和Fc-G4的计算机优化构象表明随着代数的增长氧化还原电对被包埋得更加紧密,这种包埋程度的差异强烈地影响了氧化还原电对与电极之间的电子传输速率。

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采用同步法合成了丁腈羟聚氨酯[PU(HTBN)]/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)互穿网络高聚物(IPN),丁腈羟(HTBN)以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)固化,PMMA的交联剂为二甲基丙烯酸-缩乙二醇酯(DEGDMA)。用H-500型电子显微镜(TEM)观察形态,用DDV-II型粘弹谱仪测定动态力学谱。实验结果表明,提高任一组分交联程度,均使体系的“强迫互容”性增加,PMMA相区可从3000~6000 A变成1000 A左右,加入与HTBN等当量的三羟甲基丙烷(TMP),或在DEGDMA用量为MMA重量的2%时,样品表现出两相连续性都较大的形态,两个T_g转变峰之间的Tanδ值也较高。提高腈其含量,可增加体系的化学相容性。当HTBN中丙烯腈含量约为24%时,表现为半相容体系。样品的Tanδ值在-20~+120 ℃范围内,均在0.2~0.3上下,PMMA相区为200 A左右。在半相容体系中,“强迫互容”性对T_g较变行为和形态均有较明显影响。样品在动态力学谱上有两个转变峰,T_(g1)和T_(g2),T_(g1)是PU(HTBN)的T_g转变,T_(g2)是PMMA的T_g转变。我们发现某些样品出现T_(g2)高于PMMA的T_g现象。通过对简化体系的研究表明,此现象与MMA跟HTBN上双键的反应有关,反应条件较激烈或1,2结构含量较高时,T_(g2)升高的幅度也较大。我们还制得一些阻尼特性较好的样品,它们具有用做吸振材料的可能性。

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本文用代数方法推导了正交晶系五十九个空间群的结构半不变量相同的二价表达式。就每一个空间群都得出了一系列公式。在222点群中的空间群都有形如以下三式的公式:E_(2h+2h';2k+2k'.0) = (N~(3/2)/g1)<(-1)~(α1)UE_(hkg))~2-1)UE_(h'k'α')|~2-1) >_(hkp;h'k'α') (0.1) E_(2h+2h'0.2α+α) = (N~(3/2)/g2)<(-1)~(α2)UE_(hkg))~2-1)UE_(h'k'α')|~2-1) >_(hkp;h'k'α') (0.2) E_(0.2h+2h'2α+2α) = (N~(3/2)/g3)<(-1)~(α3)UE_(hkg))~2-1)UE_(h'k'α')|~2-1) >_(hkp;h'k'α') (0.3) 其中g_i, α_i (i = 1, 2, 3) 与具体空间群有关。在mm2点群中的空间群都可得出六个公式,在mmm点群中的空间群都可得出二十八个公式。首先按照从低级到高级的顺序,将PT,P_(21),P(2/N),C_(2/c)空间群的二价代数表达式进行了应用,然后将P_(2,2,2),P(na21)空间群的二价代数表达式进行了应用。由于未找到mmm点群空间群的结构实例,故为mmm点群空间群的公式未予应用附加地,推导了四方晶系I_(42a),I_(41/a)两空间群的公式,对I_(42a)的公式也进行了应用,由应用结果可得出:(一)代数方法推导的思路和数学方法是验证正确的,在含有主原子的结构中,由强度量算法的二十至三十个相角基本与正确值吻合(一般只有一、二个不等)。(二)在代数方法计算的同时,也进行了概率Σ_4元素的计算,可以得出,代数方法速度要快得多,特别是正交晶系中,时间上的优势更突出,数据剔除的依据也更比概率Σ_4关系明显。(三)代数方法在含有重原子的结构中比只含轻原子的结构中好用。这种特点和概率Σ_4关系一样。另外,和论文题目独立地,在低温条件下作者测定了杂多酸K_(11)[DY(SiMo_(11)O_(39))_2],28H_2O的晶体结构,晶体属单斜晶系的P_(21/n)空间群,Z = 4, 晶格参数为:a = 17.256(3), b = 26.817(4), C = 21.797(4)A, β = 104.39(1)°,最后的R = 0.0637。

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体细胞核移植(somatic cell nuclear transfer)克隆技术的成功,特别 是运用终末分化的淋巴细胞和嗅觉神经元细胞成功克隆出小鼠,证实了分化的体 细胞核潜在的发育全能性。该技术已经在多个物种上成功地得到克隆后代,在转 基因动物、基因敲除动物和疾病模型动物生产中也得到成功应用,在结合干细胞 技术的治疗性克隆和再生医学方面也取得了初步成果,展现出了具有深远意义的 应用前景。但是,目前该领域仍然存在着很多急待解决的重要问题:克隆成功率 低,克隆胚和克隆动物经常呈现发育异常,妊娠和出生前后的高死亡率。对哺乳 动物早期胚胎发育过程中DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰等表观遗传重编程 (epigenetic reprogramming)机制的深入了解,有助于研究体细胞核在去核卵 母细胞中的表观遗传重编程事件,进而改善克隆胚重编程效率和发育能力。 猕猴是一种重要的实验动物,在人类疾病模型和生物医药研究中有重要的意 义。本研究主要围绕猕猴体细胞克隆胚胎早期发育过程中的表观遗传重编程事件 和核移植前体细胞同步化处理这两方面展开。1),首次详细地了描绘了猕猴着床 前胚胎发育过程中整体水平的DNA 甲基化表观遗传重编程事件,研究发现在受精 卵中父本基因组形成原核后迅速地发生了去甲基化,在2 细胞期后的卵裂过程 中,母本基因组才开始逐渐地去甲基化,到桑葚胚达到最低水平,然后开始重新 (de novo)甲基化,到囊胚期时形成不对称的甲基化模式,滋养外胚层(TE)呈 现高甲基化状态,而内细胞团(ICM)呈现低甲基化状态,这一不对称模式可能是 灵长类动物特有的,其他哺乳动物呈现正好相反的不对称模式。2),研究发现, 大多数猕猴克隆胚胎的DNA 甲基化重编程存在异常,效率低。很多2 细胞期克隆 胚(67%)和8 细胞期克隆胚(50%)的核DNA 甲基化水平显著高于对应的体 外受精胚,8 细胞克隆胚之间呈现多种不同的表观遗传特征。大多数克隆囊胚的 ICM 细胞核的甲基化水平显著高于IVF 囊胚,这些异常可能是导致克隆胚胎移 植到代孕母体后发育时间不长就失败的原因。3),在核移植前对猕猴成纤维细 胞同步化处理的研究中发现,血清饥饿,细胞周期阻断剂DMSO(二甲基亚砜)、 roscovitine、aphidicolin 和indirubin 的处理都有显著的同步化效果,提高了G0+G1 期细胞的比例。经过BrdU 标记法证实了这几种处理方法抑制细胞增殖的效果,并且证实了这种周期阻滞作用是可逆的。用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)分析证 实,血清饥饿1 到4 天后细胞凋亡比例显著上升,在贴壁的细胞中约有6%发生 凋亡,而正常对照只有1%左右,而周期阻断剂处理没有增加细胞凋亡率,这提 示这些周期阻断剂可能是一种相对安全且有效的猕猴成纤维细胞处理方法。核移 植前对猕猴成纤维细胞进行处理,有助于优化体细胞核移植技术,也是改善体细 胞核在克隆胚中重编程效率的重要途径。

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可重构静态存储器(SRAM)模块是场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的重要组成部分,它必须尽量满足用户不同的需要,所以要有良好的可重构性能.本文设计了一款深亚微米工艺下的16-kb的高速,低功耗双端口可重构SRAM.它可以重构成16Kx1,8Kx2,4Kx4,2Kx8,1Kx16和512x32六种不同的工作模式.基于不同的配置选择,此SRAM可以配置为双端口SRAM,单端口SRAM,ROM,FIFO,大的查找表或移位寄存器,本文完整介绍了该SRAM的设计方法,重点介绍了一种新颖的存储单元电路结构:三端口存储单元,以及用于实现可重构功能的电路的设计方法.

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To determine whether adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 transfer after radiotherapy could radiosensitize non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to subclinical-dose carbon-ion beam (C-beam), H1299 cells were exposed to a C-beam or -ray and then infected with 5 MOI of AdCMV-p53 or GFP (C-beam or -ray with p53 or GFP).Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometric analysis. The apoptosis was examined by a fluorescent microscope with DAPI staining. DNA fragmentation was monitored by the TUNEL assay. P53 mRNA was detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The expression of p53, MDM2, and p21 was monitored by Western blot. Survival fractions were determined by colony-forming assay. The percentages of G1-phase cells in C-beam with p53 increased by 8.2%–16.0%, 5.2%–7.0%, and 5.8%–18.9%, respectively, compared with C-beam only, -ray with p53, or p53 only. The accumulation of G2-phase cells in C-beam with p53 increased by 5.7%–8.9% and 8.8%–14.8%, compared with those in -ray with p53 or p53 only, respectively. The percentage of apoptosis for C-beam with p53 increased by 7.4%–19.1%, 5.8%–11.7%, and 5.2%–19.2%, respectively, compared with C-beam only, -ray with p53, or p53 only. The level of p53 mRNA in C-beam with p53 was significantly higher than that in p53 only. The expression level of p53 and p21 in C-beam with p53 was significantly higher than that in both C-beam with GFP and p53 only. The survival fractions for C-beam with p53 were significantly less than those for the other groups (p 0.05). The data suggested that AdCMV-p53 transfer could more efficiently radiosensitize H1299 cells to subclinical-dose C-beam irradiation through the restoration of p53 function.

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In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of apoptosis resistance and the roles of the phosphorylation of BRCA1, p21, the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio and cell cycle arrest in IR-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. X-irradiation, in particular at low dose (1 Gy), but not carbon ion irradiation, had a significant antiproliferative effect on the growth of MCF-7 cells. 1 Gy X-irradiation resulted in G1 and G2 phase arrest, but 4 Gy induced a significant G1 block. In contrast, carbon ion irradiation resulted in a significant accumulation in the G2 phase. Concomitant with the phosphorylation of H2AX induced by DNA damage,carbon ion irradiation resulted in an approximately 1.9–2.8-fold increase in the phosphorylation of BRCA1 on serine residue 1524, significantly greater than that detected for X-irradiation. Carbon ion irradiation caused a dramatic increase in p21 expression and drastic decrease in Bax expression compared with X-irradiation. The data implicated that phosphorylation of BRCA1 on serine residue 1524 might,at least partially, induce p21 expression but repress Bax expression. Together, our results suggested that the phosphorylation of BRCA1 at Ser-1524 might contribute to the G2 phase arrest and might be an upstream signal involved in preventing apoptosis signal via upregulation of p21 and downregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.

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探讨低剂量碳离子束预辐照对AdCMV-p53转染非小细胞肺癌细胞的影响, 观察了20和40 MOI AdCMV-p53转染经12C6+ 束流或γ 射线预辐照的H1299细胞后, 外源性p53的表达、细胞周期、细胞凋亡和细胞存活等. 结果显示, 经碳离子束预辐照后 AdCMV-p53转染细胞p53阳性细胞所占比例高达90%多, 明显高于γ 射线预辐射后AdCMV-p53 转染细胞p53阳性率. 低剂量碳离子预辐照明显阻止AdCMV-p53转染细胞G0/G1阻滞的发生,促进 G2/M 阻滞和细胞凋亡的发生. 碳离子束辐射诱导 AdCMV-p53 转染组相对生物学效应(RBE)比单纯碳离子束辐照组增加 30%~60%, 比单纯 AdCMV-p53 转染组增加20%~130%, 比单纯γ 辐射诱导 AdCMV-p53 转染组增加 30%~70%. 结论: 低剂量碳离子束预照射明显增强外源性 p53 的表达和AdCMV-p53 转染对非小细胞肺癌细胞的抑制.

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为了评估低剂量X射线连续辐射对BALB/c小鼠健康机体免疫系统的影响,实验采用X射线全身连续照射BALB/c小鼠,照射第一天剂量为0.07Gy,剂量率0.2Gy/min,之后每天照射0.08Gy,共照射12d,累积剂量1.03Gy,照射后24和48h取血、胸腺和脾脏。流式细胞仪检测免疫细胞周期和凋亡的变化,胸腺和脾脏指数用重量法获取。实验结果表明,小鼠胸腺细胞的周期在照射后24h被阻滞在G2/M期;外周血淋巴和胸腺细胞周期48h被阻滞在G0/G1期,细胞凋亡比例在照射后两个时间点都显著增加;脾脏淋巴细胞周期24h被阻滞在G0/G1期,48h被阻滞在S期,细胞凋亡比例在24和48h显著减少;脾脏指数在照射后48h显著减少。故低剂量X射线连续全身照射BALB/c小鼠可激活免疫细胞不同的周期监测点,引起免疫细胞凋亡比例发生变化,造成一定的辐射损伤,且这种影响随着免疫器官的不同而不同。

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研究低剂量重离子束预辐照对小鼠肝脏辐射损伤程度的影响。分别用低剂量12C6+离子束全身均匀预辐照处理小鼠,剂量分别为0、0.05、0.1、0.25、0.5Gy,剂量率为1Gy/min,4h后用4Gy的12C6+离子束全身均匀辐照,照射8h后用流式细胞仪检测辐照小鼠肝脏细胞在各细胞周期时相的百分率,并用单细胞电泳技术检测辐照损伤小鼠肝脏细胞的DNA损伤程度。结果显示,和对照组相比,低剂量预辐射处理可以减轻辐照损伤小鼠肝脏细胞G0/G1期和G2/M的阻滞,促进肝脏细胞在S期的积累。此外,辐照小鼠肝脏细胞的拖尾率及拖尾长度也显著减少,其中以0.1Gy处理组效果最为显著(P<0.01)。提示:低剂量重离子预辐照能使细胞产生适应性反应,有效减轻辐照小鼠肝脏细胞G0/G1期和G2/M的阻滞,并显著减轻肝脏细胞DNA的辐射损伤程度。