El uso del multimedia como ayuda en la capacitación laboral en la educación secundaria : propuesta didáctica.

Confiar en la creatividad de maestros y alumnos para conseguir mejoras educativas y ofrecer modelos que favorezcan la labor cotidiana del docente y del educando en la construcción del entorno. Buscar nuevos modelos educativos para favorecer la presencia y factibilidad de uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación, mediante las cuales se generan procesos de interacción local y global. Se ha trabajado de forma teórica al principio de la investigación y luego de forma práctica realizando una propuesta didáctica. En el capítulo primero se hace mención a las necesidades sociales, que han llevado a la transformación de la misma sociedad, partiendo del impacto de las tecnologías en el desarrollo de las sociedades. Los cambios que están surgiendo en las sociedades son cada vez más palpables. Cada generación está marcada por un estilo de vestir, géneros musicales, desarrollos tecnológicos, ideológicos y hasta un estilo de educación, un ejemplo es la generación de los años 70 y 80 del del siglo XX llamada la 'generación X' catalogada así por no tener una ideología, ni un estilo definido, sino más bien por tener un poco de todo. En el capítulo segundo se habla de los recursos multimedia, software educativo e hipertexto, como materiales que por sus características interactivas pueden contribuir a la educación, de esta manera, se analizan sus componentes más significativos y sus diferentes aplicaciones educativas. El capítulo tercero se centra en los profesores, en las actitudes que toman antes las nuevas tecnologías, así como también, se analizan las diferentes estrategias que el profesor puede emplear en su desarrollo. Se termina con algunas reflexiones sobre el poco uso y el abuso de las tecnologías en la educación. Por último se realiza una propuesta sobre el uso de los multimedia que permita que los alumnos obtengan una capacitación que facilite su integración en el ámbito laboral. La búsqueda de nuevos modelos educativos se ha visto favorecida por la presencia y factibilidad de uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación, mediante las cuales se generan procesos de interacción locales y globales. El apoyo de los recursos tecnológicos ha permitido generar un ambiente donde la comunicación, ha roto el esquema del alumno receptivo, para dar paso a una actitud que permite el análisis, la contrastación de saberes y experiencias y el fortalecimiento en el alumno de su capacidad para el estudio independiente. Existe una preocupación por la calidad del sistema educativo y se hace lo posible para mejorarla. Como cada día, los docentes luchan por construir desde cada escuela, un mundo más justo, más equitativo más solidario, más de todos, donde cada cual se sepa sujeto activo de esta construcción y arquitecto de su presente y de su futuro, y con la actitud de poner su trabajo, por pequeño que sea, al servicio de los demás.

Biodiversidad a la baja, educaci??n al rescate

Se afirma que el concepto ecol??gico debe prevalecer a lo largo de todo el proceso educativo, puesto que todos los seres coexistimos, convivimos e interaccionamos constantemente en el mismo espacio, y la naturaleza entra??a una gran potencia educadora. Las m??ltiples dimensiones de la biodiversidad dotan de una gran complejidad su abordaje educativo, por lo que se aportan algunas premisas y se analizan sus dos dimensiones: local y global.

El futuro de los Movimientos de Renovaci??n Pedag??gica

Resumen tomado del de la publicaci??n.

Incomuni(cat) : el catal?? als mitjans de comunicaci??

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

The aromatic fluctuation index (FLU): a new aromaticity index based on electron delocalization

In this work, the aromatic fluctuation index (FLU) that describes the fluctuation of electronic charge between adjacent atoms in a given ring is introduced as a new aromaticity measure. This new electronic criterion of aromaticity is based on the fact that aromaticity is related to the cyclic delocalized circulation of π electrons. It is defined not only considering the amount of electron sharing between contiguous atoms, which should be substantial in aromatic molecules, but also taking into account the similarity of electron sharing between adjacent atoms. For a series of rings in 15 planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, we have found that, in general, FLU is strongly correlated with other widely used indicators of local aromaticity, such as the harmonic-oscillator model of aromaticity, the nucleus independent chemical shift, and the para-delocalization index (PDI). In contrast to PDI, the FLU index can be applied to study the aromaticity of rings with any number of members and it can be used to analyze both the local and global aromatic character of rings and molecules

Património, política cultural e globalização em contexto museal

O presente texto pretende avaliar em que medida uma política cultural comprometida com o seu contexto histórico e social pode inserir em suas acções a problemática da cultura, local e global e do património como suporte para diferentes modelos de políticas setoriais. Discute acerca da trama de relações que interligam a política e o território com as problemáticas contemporâneas da cultura, do património e da museologia. Neste contexto a cultura se transforma num instrumento de desenvolvimento territorial e as despesas públicas culturais passam a ser entendidas como um investimento e o património como recurso para a revitalização económica e social.

Health Benefits of Organic Food: effects of the environment

Public concern over impacts of chemicals in plant and animal production on health and the environment has led to increased demand for organic produce, which is usually promoted and often perceived as containing fewer contaminants, more nutrients, and being positive for the environment. These benefits are difficult to quantify, and potential environmental impacts on such benefits have not been widely studied. This book addresses these key points, examining factors such as the role of certain nutrients in prevention and promotion of chronic disease, potential health benefits of bioactive compounds in plants, the prevalence of food-borne pesticides and pathogens and how both local and global environmental factors may affect any differences between organic and conventionally produced food. This book is an essential resource for researchers and students in human health and nutrition, environmental science, agriculture and organic farming. Main Contents 1. Organic farming and food systems: definitions and key characteristics. 2. The health benefits of n-3 fatty acids and their concentrations in organic and conventional animal-derived foods. 3. Environmental impacts on n-3 content of foods from ruminant animals. 4. Health benefits and selenium content of organic vs conventional foods. 5. Environmental impacts concerning the selenium content of foods. 6. Contaminants in organic and conventional food: the missing link between contaminant levels and health effects. 7. Mycotoxins in organic and conventional foods and effects of the environment. 8. Human pathogens in organic and conventional foods and effects of the environment. 9. What does consumer science tell us about organic foods? 10. The beneficial effects of dietary flavonoids: sources, bioavailability and biological functions. 11. Environmental regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. 12. Nitrates in the human diet. 13. Impacts of environment and management on nitrate in vegetables and water. 14. Effects of the environment on the nutritional quality and safety of organically produced foods: Round-up and summary.

The acoustic signature of fluid flow in complex porous media

Effective medium approximations for the frequency-dependent and complex-valued effective stiffness tensors of cracked/ porous rocks with multiple solid constituents are developed on the basis of the T-matrix approach (based on integral equation methods for quasi-static composites), the elastic - viscoelastic correspondence principle, and a unified treatment of the local and global flow mechanisms, which is consistent with the principle of fluid mass conservation. The main advantage of using the T-matrix approach, rather than the first-order approach of Eshelby or the second-order approach of Hudson, is that it produces physically plausible results even when the volume concentrations of inclusions or cavities are no longer small. The new formulae, which operates with an arbitrary homogeneous (anisotropic) reference medium and contains terms of all order in the volume concentrations of solid particles and communicating cavities, take explicitly account of inclusion shape and spatial distribution independently. We show analytically that an expansion of the T-matrix formulae to first order in the volume concentration of cavities (in agreement with the dilute estimate of Eshelby) has the correct dependence on the properties of the saturating fluid, in the sense that it is consistent with the Brown-Korringa relation, when the frequency is sufficiently low. We present numerical results for the (anisotropic) effective viscoelastic properties of a cracked permeable medium with finite storage porosity, indicating that the complete T-matrix formulae (including the higher-order terms) are generally consistent with the Brown-Korringa relation, at least if we assume the spatial distribution of cavities to be the same for all cavity pairs. We have found an efficient way to treat statistical correlations in the shapes and orientations of the communicating cavities, and also obtained a reasonable match between theoretical predictions (based on a dual porosity model for quartz-clay mixtures, involving relatively flat clay-related pores and more rounded quartz-related pores) and laboratory results for the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation spectra of a suite of typical reservoir rocks. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Variation in dynamic elastic shear modulus of sandstone upon fluid saturation and substitution

Experimental acoustic measurements on sandstone rocks at both sonic and ultrasonic frequencies show that fluid saturation can cause a noticeable change in both the dynamic bulk and shear elastic moduli of sandstones. We observed that the change in dynamic shear modulus upon fluid saturation is highly dependent on the type of saturant, its viscosity, rock microstructure, and applied pressures. Frequency dispersion has some influence on dynamic elastic moduli too, but its effect is limited to the ultrasonic frequency ranges and above. We propose that viscous coupling, reduction in free surface energy, and, to a limited extent, frequency dispersion due to both local and global flow are the main mechanisms responsible for the change in dynamic shear elastic modulus upon fluid saturation and substitution, and we quantify influences.

When smoke gets in our eyes: The multiple impacts of atmospheric black carbon on climate, air quality and health

With both climate change and air quality on political and social agendas from local to global scale, the links between these hitherto separate fields are becoming more apparent. Black carbon, largely from combustion processes, scatters and absorbs incoming solar radiation, contributes to poor air quality and induces respiratory and cardiovascular problems. Uncertainties in the amount, location, size and shape of atmospheric black carbon cause large uncertainty in both climate change estimates and toxicology studies alike. Increased research has led to new effects and areas of uncertainty being uncovered. Here we draw together recent results and explore the increasing opportunities for synergistic research that will lead to improved confidence in the impact of black carbon on climate change, air quality and human health. Topics of mutual interest include better information on spatial distribution, size, mixing state and measuring and monitoring. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

‘We are managing our own lives...’: life transitions and care in sibling-headed households affected by AIDS in Tanzania and Uganda

This paper explores the ways that young people express their agency and negotiate complex lifecourse transitions according to gender, age and inter- and intra-generational norms in sibling-headed households affected by AIDS in East Africa. Based on findings from a qualitative and participatory pilot study in Tanzania and Uganda, I examine young people's socio-spatial and temporal experiences of heading the household and caring for their siblings following their parent's/relative's death. Key dimensions of young people's caring pathways and life transitions are discussed: transitions into sibling care; the ways young people manage changing roles within the family; and the ways that young people are positioned and seek to position themselves within the community. The research reveals the relational and embodied nature of young people's life transitions over time and space. By living together independently, young people constantly reproduce and reconfigure gendered, inter- and intra-generational norms of ‘the family’, transgressing the boundaries of ‘childhood’, ‘youth’ and ‘adulthood’. Although young people take on ‘adult’ responsibilities and demonstrate their competencies in ‘managing their own lives’, this does not necessarily translate into more equal power relations with adults in the community. The research reveals the marginal ‘in-between’ place that young people occupy between local and global discourses of ‘childhood’ and ‘youth’ that construct them as ‘deviant’. Although young people adopt a range of strategies to resist marginalisation and harassment, I argue that constraints of poverty, unequal gender and generational power relations and the emotional impacts of sibling care, stigmatisation and exclusion can undermine their ability to exert agency and control over their sexual relationships, schooling, livelihood strategies and future lifecourse transitions.

Conservation ecology of bees: populations, species and communities

Recent concerns regarding the decline of plant and pollinator species, and the impact on ecosystem functioning, has focused attention on the local and global threats to bee diversity. As evidence for bee declines is now accumulating from over broad taxonomic and geographic scales, we review the role of ecology in bee conservation at the levels of species, populations and communities. Bee populations and communities are typified by considerable spatiotemporal variation; whereby autecological traits, population size and growth rate, and plant-pollinator network architecture all play a role in their vulnerability to extinction. As contemporary insect conservation management is broadly based on species- and habitat-targeted approaches, ecological data will be central to integrating management strategies into a broader, landscape scale of dynamic, interconnected habitats capable of delivering bee conservation in the context of global environmental change.