A treatise on hernia. : the radical cure by the use of the buried antiseptic animal suture /

Cover title: The radical cure of hernia.

Use of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in the monitoring of pregnancy in women with pre-existing diabetes

Background: The usefulness of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry for the monitoring of diabetic pregnancies is controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess whether umbilical artery Doppler velocity waveform analysis can predict adverse perinatal outcomes for pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus. Methods: All diabetic pregnancies (type 1 and 2) delivered at Mater Mothers' Hospital, Queensland, between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 1999 were included. All pregnant diabetic women were monitored with umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry at 28, 32, 36, and 38 weeks' gestation. Adverse perinatal outcome was defined as pregnancies with one or more of the following: small-for-gestational age, Caesarean section for non-reassuring cardiotocography, fetal acidaemia at delivery, 1-min Apgar of 3 or less, 5-min Apgar of less than 7, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy or perinatal death. Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry was defined as a pulsatility index of 95th centile or higher for gestation. Results: One hundred and four pregnancies in women with pre-existing diabetes had umbilical arterial Doppler studies carried out during the study period. Twenty-three pregnancies (22.1%) had an elevated pulsatility index. If the scans were carried out within 2 weeks of delivery, 71% of pregnancies with abnormal umbilical Doppler had adverse outcomes (P < 0.01; likelihood ratio, 4.2). However, the sensitivity was 35%; specificity was 94%; positive predictive value was 80%; and negative predictive value was 68%. Only 30% of women with adverse perinatal outcomes had abnormal umbilical arterial Doppler flow. Conclusion: Umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry is not a good predictor of adverse perinatal outcomes in diabetic pregnancies.

Psychological risk factors for chronic post-surgical pain after inguinal hernia repair surgery:a prospective cohort study.

A significant proportion of patients experience chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) following inguinal hernia surgery. Psychological models are useful in predicting acute pain after surgery, and in predicting the transition from acute to chronic pain in non-surgical contexts. This is a prospective cohort study to investigate psychological (cognitive and emotional) risk factors for CPSP after inguinal hernia surgery. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires before surgery and 1 week and 4 months after surgery. Data collected before surgery and 1 week after surgery were used to predict pain at 4 months. Psychological risk factors assessed included anxiety, depression, fear-avoidance, activity avoidance, catastrophizing, worry about the operation, activity expectations, perceived pain control and optimism. The study included 135 participants; follow-up questionnaires were returned by 119 (88.1%) and 115 (85.2%) participants at 1 week and 4 months after surgery respectively. The incidence of CPSP (pain at 4 months) was 39.5%. After controlling for age, body mass index and surgical variables (e.g. anaesthetic, type of surgery and mesh type used), lower pre-operative optimism was an independent risk factor for CPSP at 4 months; lower pre-operative optimism and lower perceived control over pain at 1 week after surgery predicted higher pain intensity at 4 months. No emotional variables were independently predictive of CPSP. Further research should target these cognitive variables in pre-operative psychological preparation for surgery. © 2011 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters.

Information and behavioural instruction along the health-care pathway:the perspective of people undergoing hernia repair surgery and the role of formal and informal information sources

Provision of information and behavioural instruction has been demonstrated to improve recovery after surgery. However, patients draw on a range of information sources and it is important to establish which sources patients use and how this influences perceptions and behaviour as they progress along the surgical pathway. In this qualitative, exploratory and longitudinal study, the use of information and instruction were explored from the perspective of people undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery. Seven participants undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery were interviewed using semi-structured interviews 2 weeks before surgery and 2 weeks and 4 months post-surgery. Nineteen interviews were conducted in total. Topic guides included sources of knowledge, reasons for help-seeking and opting for surgery and factors influencing return to activity. Data were analysed thematically according to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Participants sought information from a range of sources, focusing on informal information sources before surgery and using information and instruction from health-care professionals post-surgery. This information influenced behaviours including deciding to undergo surgery, use of pain medication and returning to usual activity. Anxiety and help-seeking resulted when unexpected post-surgical events occurred such as extensive bruising. Findings were consistent with psychological and sociological theories. Overall, participants were positive about the information and instruction they received but expressed a desire for more timely information on post-operative adverse events.

Complete Integrability of a Nonlinear Elliptic System, Generating Bi-umbilical Foliated Semi-symmetric Hypersurfaces in R^4

Николай Кутев, Величка Милушева - Намираме експлицитно всичките би-омбилични фолирани полусиметрични повърхнини в четиримерното евклидово пространство R^4

Totally Umbilical Pseudo-Slant Submanifolds of a Nearly Cosymplectic Manifold

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 53C40, 53B25.

Hernia perineal canina: reconstrucción del diafragma pélvico con malla de polipropileno a través de doble abordaje

La hernia perineal es una patología que se presenta en el macho de la especie canina de forma casi exclusiva, apareciendo de forma muy esporádica en la hembra y el gato, pero no se presenta en las otras especies domésticas. Se ha descrito en la especie humana sobre todo asociada a cirugías agresivas del abdomen caudal y siempre en relación a trastornos del suelo pélvico. En el perro la hernia perineal se produce por un fallo del diafragma pélvico, en el que destaca la atrofia y a veces la total desaparición del M. elevador de ano de forma uni- o bilateral. La debilidad-ausencia-desaparición de este músculo conduce a un posicionamiento más caudal de todos los órganos contenidos en el canal pélvico, vejiga, próstata, uretra post prostática, grasa periprostática y recto. Aparece en un rango muy amplio de edades aunque su tendencia más frecuente es alrededor de los 7-8 años de edad. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la hernia varían en función de la gravedad y antigüedad del proceso; el síntoma más frecuente es el estreñimiento y la deformación (tumefacción) de la fosa isquiática, pero se han descrito también la diarrea paradójica, vómitos y hasta la anuria obstructiva. La etiología de la hernia perineal esta poco clara, aunque existen diferentes hipótesis relacionadas con fenómenos que producen estreñimiento como hipertrofia prostática, o la existencia de quistes prostáticos y/o paraprostáticos. También se ha relacionado con saculitis o con la existencia de hernias inguinales. Otras teorías han relacionado la hernia con trastornos hormonales, desequilibrios entre receptores de andrógenos/estrógenos. Recientemente se la ha relacionado con la producción de relaxina en los quistes prostáticos y por último se la ha relacionado con alteraciones neurológicas del plexo pudendo. Pero lo cierto es que los porcentajes de perros con enfermedad prostática son muy altos sobre todo a partir de los 7- 8 años de edad y la incidencia de la hernia es muy baja. Tampoco todos los animales que padecen la hernia tienen quistes prostáticos y existen muchos animales con grandes quistes que no la desarrollan. En resumen, esta afección parece ser multifactorial aunque la lesión es siempre la misma, la debilidad progresiva del diafragma y la falta de funcionalismo hace el resto. Respecto a la cirugía ofrece también dificultades, se han descrito varias técnicas y las que mejores resultados ofrecen son las basadas en la elevación del obturador interno. No obstante en ocasiones este músculo también se encuentra atrofiado y la restauración del plano anatómico no es todo lo sólida que se desearía por lo cual se añade a la elevación del obturador, la utilización de mallas de polipropileno, la sobreposición del m. glúteo caudal, del músculo semitendinoso o la fijación intrabdominal de la vejiga, colon y conductos deferentes. A pesar de todo las recidivas siguen presentándose, aunque cada vez en menor porcentaje según las técnicas desarrolladas con posterioridad.

Outcomes after Unrelated Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Children with Osteopetrosis.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment for most children with osteopetrosis (OP). Timing of HSCT is critical; therefore, umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is an attractive option. We analyzed outcomes after UCBT in 51 OP children. Median age at UCBT was 6 months. Seventy-seven percent of the cord blood grafts had 0 or 1 HLA disparity with the recipient. Conditioning regimen was myeloablative (mostly busulfan-based in 84% and treosulfan-based in 10%). Antithymocyte globulin was given to 90% of patients. Median number of total nucleated and CD34(+) cells infused was 14 × 10(7)/kg and 3.4 × 10(5)/kg, respectively. Median follow-up for survivors was 74 months. Cumulative incidence (CI) of neutrophil recovery was 67% with a median time to recovery of 23 days; 33% of patients had graft failure, 81% of engrafted patients had full donor engraftment, and 19% had mixed donor chimerism. Day 100 CI of acute graft-versus-host disease (grades II to IV) was 31% and 6-year CI of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 21%. Mechanical ventilation was required in 28%, and veno-occlusive disease was diagnosed in 16% of cases. Six-year overall survival rate was 46%. Comparative studies with other alternative donors should be performed to evaluate whether UCBT remains a valid alternative for children with OP without an HLA-matched donor.

Minimally invasive repair of Morgagni hernia - A multicenter case series

Children may benefit from minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the correction of Morgagni hernia (MH). The present study aims to evaluate the outcome of MIS through a multicenter study. National institutions that use MIS in the treatment of MH were included. Demographic, clinical and operative data were analyzed. Thirteen patients with MH (6 males) were operated using similar MIS technique (percutaneous stitches) at a mean age of 22.2±18.3 months. Six patients had chromosomopathies (46%), five with Down syndrome (39%). Respiratory complaints were the most common presentation (54%). Surgery lasted 95±23min. In none of the patients was the hernia sac removed; prosthesis was never used. In the immediate post-operative period, 4 patients (36%) were admitted to intensive care unit (all with Down syndrome); all patients started enteral feeds within the first 24h. With a mean follow-up of 56±16.6 months, there were two recurrences (18%) at the same institution, one of which was repaired with an absorbable suture; both with Down syndrome. The application of MIS in the MH repair is effective even in the presence of comorbidities such as Down syndrome; the latter influences the immediate postoperative recovery and possibly the recurrence rate. Removal of hernia sac does not seem necessary. Non-absorbable sutures may be more appropriate.