Validação da intradermoreação de Montenegro para diagnóstico de leishmaniose em felinos

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Disease resistance of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) fed with beta-glucan

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Biomassa da bactéria Rubrivivax gelatinosus proveniente do tratamento de efluente de piscicultura melhora a saúde dos peixes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Doenças respiratórias e fatores associados: estudo de base populacional em São Paulo, 2008-2009

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de bronquite aguda, rinite e sinusite em crianças e adolescentes e identificar fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, de base populacional. Foi realizado inquérito domiciliar com 1.185 crianças e adolescentes de São Paulo, SP, de 2008 a 2009. Os participantes foram selecionados a partir de amostragem probabilística, estratificada por sexo e idade e por conglomerados em dois estágios. Para análise ajustada foi realizada regressão múltipla de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Dos entrevistados, 7,3% referiram bronquite aguda, 22,6% rinite e 15,3% sinusite. Após análise ajustada, associaram-se à bronquite aguda auto-referida: idade de zero a quatro anos (RP = 17,86; IC95%: 3,65;90,91), cinco a nove anos (RP = 37,04; IC95%: 8,13;166,67), dez a 14 anos (RP = 20,83; IC95%: 4,93;90,91), referir ter alergia (RP = 3,12; IC95%: 1,70;5,73), cor da pele preta/parda (RP = 2,29; IC95%: 1,21;4,35) e morar em domicílio com um a três cômodos (RP = 1,85; IC95%: 1,17;2,94); à rinite auto-referida: idade dez a 14 anos (RP = 2,77; IC95%: 1,60;4,78), 15 a 19 anos (RP = 2,58; IC95%: 1,52;4,39), referir ter alergia (RP = 4,32; IC95%: 2,79;6,70), referir ter asma (RP = 2,30; IC95%: 1,30;4,10) e morar em apartamento (RP = 1,70; IC95%: 1,06;2,73); à sinusite auto-referida: idade cinco a nove anos (RP = 2,44; IC95%: 1,09;5,43), dez a 14 anos (RP = 2,99; IC95%: 1,36;6,58), 15 a 19 anos (RP = 3,62; IC95%: 1,68;7,81), referir ter alergia (RP = 2,23; IC95%: 1,41;3,52) e apresentar obesidade (RP = 4,42; IC95%: 1,56;12,50). CONCLUSÕES: As doenças respiratórias foram mais prevalentes em grupos populacionais com características definidas, como grupo etário, doenças auto-referidas, tipo de moradia e obesidade.

Reações alérgicas aos implantes osseointegráveis de titânio: uma revisão de literatura

Titanium dental implants have been common practice in the dental office, which can increases the number of allergic reactions to this material. Objectives: to alert dental surgeons and specialists of this possible phenomenon through a literature review. Material and methods: an electronic search at PubMed was performed with the keywords “dental implants”, “titanium”, and “allergy” from January 1990 to May 2013. Only articles published in the English language were included. Letters to editor were excluded. Results: from the 22 initially retrieved articles, only 7 were included, being 4 clinical case reports and 3 experimental studies. For clinical cases, the reactions included edema, erythema, exfoliative cheilitis, and eczema. Regarding experimental studies, skin rash and dermatitis were reported. A patch test was not used in two clinical reports. Only one study used histological analysis to attest the lack of allergic reactions. Conclusion: within the limits of the available literature, allergic reactions to titanium dental implants are extremely rare and seem to be related to the female gender. More controlled clinical studies are necessary to elucidate this question.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans em pacientes com síndrome de down: influência da condição periodontal e higiene bucal

Patients with Down syndrome have varying degrees of mental retardation, physical and motor, and apparently are more susceptible to infectious diseases. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in saliva and subgingival biofilms and above of children and adolescents with Down syndrome and analyze the influence of diet, socioeconomic and cultural factors and periodontal condition. After assessing the socio-economic and behavioral, were collected clinical specimens, which were transported to the laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology FOA-UNESP for detection of microorganisms by molecular method and periodontal conditions were evaluated according to the Periodontal Screening Index and Recording. The control group consisted of individuals without the syndrome. The results were analyzed by chi-square test for proportion analysis of variables with three or more categories, or the Mann-Whitney test. The data analysis of this study showed that the occurrence of A. actinomycetemcomitans ranged from 0.0% to 25.0%, both in the group of patients with Down syndrome, as for the control group and this was not affected by socioeconomic characteristics of the target population, either by oral hygiene standards

Própolis na dieta de abelhas Apis mellifera L. e seu efeito no sistema imune, expressão de genes após o desafio bacteriano e detoxificação frente ao agroquímico Fipronil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Imunonutrição de frangos de corte alimentados com ácidos orgânicos em alternativa aos quimioterápicos

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Otimização dos métodos de expressão e solubilização do alérgeno fosfolipase A1 do veneno de Polybia paulista

A vespa social Polybia paulista (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) é bastante abundante e endêmica nos Estados de São Paulo e sul de Minas Gerais. Os indivíduos da espécie causam um elevado número de acidentes de importância médica. Após a ferroada a vítima pode experimentar reações imunológicas locais e/ou sistêmicas, que em alguns casos podem conduzir a anafilaxia e morte. O diagnóstico e terapia de alergia à ferroada de P. paulista é baseado no uso de extrato de veneno bruto o que se associa à ocorrência de reatividade cruzada e reações imunológicas adversas durante a imunoterapia. O uso de alérgenos recombinantes (r) tem-se mostrado como uma alternativa interessante para reduzir o impacto destas desvantagens. Neste trabalho, foram avaliadas diferentes condições para otimizar a expressão recombinante e solubilização dos corpúsculos de inclusão da fosfolipase A1 (Poly p 1) (70kDa) do veneno de P. paulista previamente obtida mediante expressão heteróloga no sistema procariótico, Escherichia coli. Os resultados aqui obtidos contribuirão para aumentar as quantidades do r Poly p 1 necessárias para sua avaliação bioquímica e imunológica, e finalmente para melhorar os resultados do diagnóstico e imunoterapia específica de alergia ao veneno de P. paulista

Otimização dos métodos de expressão e solubilização do alérgeno fosfolipase A1 do veneno de Polybia paulista

A vespa social Polybia paulista (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) é bastante abundante e endêmica nos Estados de São Paulo e sul de Minas Gerais. Os indivíduos da espécie causam um elevado número de acidentes de importância médica. Após a ferroada a vítima pode experimentar reações imunológicas locais e/ou sistêmicas, que em alguns casos podem conduzir a anafilaxia e morte. O diagnóstico e terapia de alergia à ferroada de P. paulista é baseado no uso de extrato de veneno bruto o que se associa à ocorrência de reatividade cruzada e reações imunológicas adversas durante a imunoterapia. O uso de alérgenos recombinantes (r) tem-se mostrado como uma alternativa interessante para reduzir o impacto destas desvantagens. Neste trabalho, foram avaliadas diferentes condições para otimizar a expressão recombinante e solubilização dos corpúsculos de inclusão da fosfolipase A1 (Poly p 1) (70kDa) do veneno de P. paulista previamente obtida mediante expressão heteróloga no sistema procariótico, Escherichia coli. Os resultados aqui obtidos contribuirão para aumentar as quantidades do r Poly p 1 necessárias para sua avaliação bioquímica e imunológica, e finalmente para melhorar os resultados do diagnóstico e imunoterapia específica de alergia ao veneno de P. paulista

Conjunctival inflammation in patients under topical glaucoma treatment with indication to surgery

PURPOSE: To compare the frequency of conjunctival HLA-DR expression (a surrogate marker for inflammation) in eyes treated with topical prostaglandin analogues versus eyes treated with other topical antiglaucomatous drugs. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma presenting indication for trabeculectomy were divided in groups according to the use or not of prostaglandin analogues. All subjects were treated with the maximum tolerated dose of antiglaucomatous drugs until the date of the surgery. At the beginning of the surgical procedure, a 5 x 5 mm biopsy of the bulbar conjunctiva was collected, incubated with monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody and processed for histological analysis. RESULTS: Of the 31 eyes included (31 patients), 25 were under topical prostaglandin analogues (Group 1) and six under other topical pharmacological agents (Group 2). Fourteen eyes of Group 1 (56%) and three of Group 2 (50 %) were positive for the inflammatory marker HLA-DR (P=1.0). The percentage of stained cells ranged from 15.49 to 48.09% (median: 27.61) in Group 1, and from 18.35 to 28 (median: 20.71) in Group 2, with no differences statistically significant (p=0.33). CONCLUSION: The use of prostaglandin analogues did not increase conjunctival expression of HLA-DR compared to other topical antiglaucomatous agents.

Prevalence of asthma and risk factors associated: population based study in Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, 2008-2009

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of asthma and risk factors associated in children and adolescents. METHODS: Population-based cross-sectional study with 1,185 female and male children and adolescents carried out in the city of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, from 2008 to 2009. Data were collected through home interviews. Respondents were selected from two-stage (census tract, household) cluster random sampling stratified by gender and age. Multiple Poisson regression was used in the adjusted analysis between the outcome and socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle and health condition variables. RESULTS: Of all respondents, 9.1% (95%CI 7.0; 11.7) reported asthma. After adjustment, the following variables were found independently associated with asthma: age (0 to 4 years vs. 15 to 19) (PR 3.18, 95%CI 1.20;8.42); age (5 to 9 years vs. 15 to 19) (PR 6.37, 95%CI 2.64;15.39); age (10 to 14 years vs. 15 to 19) (PR 4.51,95%CI 1.95;10.40); allergy (yes vs. no) (PR 2.22, 95%CI 1.24;4.00); rhinitis (yes vs. no) (PR 2.13, 95%CI 1.22;3.73); health conditions in the 15 days preceding the interview (yes vs. no) (PR 1.96, 95%CI 1.23;3.11); number of rooms in the household (1 to 3 vs. 4 and more) (PR 1.67, 95%CI 1.05;2.66); and skin color (black and mixed vs. white) (PR 2.00, 95%CI 1.14;3.49). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the importance of factors associated with asthma including rhinitis and allergy; age between 5 to 9 years old; black and mixed skin color; and household with few rooms. Frequent health problems are seen as a common consequence of asthma.

Immunomodulation of human monocytes following exposure to Lutzomyia intermedia saliva

Abstract Background Sand fly saliva contains potent and complex pharmacologic molecules that are able to modulate the host's hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune systems. In this study, we evaluated the effects of salivary gland sonicate (SGS) of Lutzomyia intermedia, the natural vector of Leishmania braziliensis, on monocytes obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy volunteers. We investigated the effects of sand fly saliva on cytokine production and surface molecule expression of LPS-stimulated human monocytes uninfected or infected with L. braziliensis. Results Pre-treatment of non-infected human monocytes with L. intermedia SGS followed by LPS-stimulation led to a significant decrease in IL-10 production accompanied by a significant increase in CD86, CD80, and HLA-DR expression. Pre-treatment with SGS followed by LPS stimulation and L. braziliensis infection led to a significant increase in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 production without significant alterations in co-stimulatory molecule expression. However, pre-treatment with L. intermedia SGS did not result in significant changes in the infection rate of human monocytes. Conclusion Our data indicate that L. intermedia saliva is able to modulate monocyte response, and, although this modulation is dissociated from enhanced infection with L. braziliensis, it may be associated with successful parasitism.

Genetic diversity of Leishmania amazonensis strains isolated in northeastern Brazil as revealed by DNA sequencing, PCR-based analyses and molecular karyotyping

Abstract Background Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis infection in man results in a clinical spectrum of disease manifestations ranging from cutaneous to mucosal or visceral involvement. In the present study, we have investigated the genetic variability of 18 L. amazonensis strains isolated in northeastern Brazil from patients with different clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis. Parasite DNA was analyzed by sequencing of the ITS flanking the 5.8 S subunit of the ribosomal RNA genes, by RAPD and SSR-PCR and by PFGE followed by hybridization with gene-specific probes. Results ITS sequencing and PCR-based methods revealed genetic heterogeneity among the L. amazonensis isolates examined and molecular karyotyping also showed variation in the chromosome size of different isolates. Unrooted genetic trees separated strains into different groups. Conclusion These results indicate that L. amazonensis strains isolated from leishmaniasis patients from northeastern Brazil are genetically diverse, however, no correlation between genetic polymorphism and phenotype were found.

Evidence supporting a protective role for Th9 and Th22 cytokines in human and experimental periapical lesions

Introduction: The development of periapical granulomas is dependent on the host response and involves Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg-related cytokines. The discovery of new Th9 and Th22 subsets, with important immunomodulatory roles mediated by interleukin (IL)-9 and IL-22, respectively, emphasizes the need for reevaluation of current cytokine paradigms in context of periapical lesions. We investigated the expression of IL-9 and IL-22 in active and stable human granulomas and throughout experimental lesion development in mice. Methods: Periapical granulomas (N = 83) and control specimens (N = 24) were evaluated regarding the expression of IL-9 and IL-22 via realtime polymerase chain reaction. Experimental periapical lesions were induced in mice (pulp exposure and bacterial inoculation) and the lesions evolution correlation with IL-9 and IL-22 expression kinetics was evaluated. Results: IL-9 and IL-22 mRNA expression was higher in periapical lesions than in control samples; higher levels of IL-9 and IL-22 were observed in inactive than in active lesions. In the experimental lesions model, increasing levels of IL-9 and IL-22 mRNA were detected in the lesions, and inverse correlations were found between IL-9 and IL-22 and the increase of lesion area in the different time point intervals. Conclusions: Our results suggest that Th9 and Th22 pathways may contribute to human and experimental periapical lesion stability