Admissible Hierachic Sets

In this paper we present a solution concept for abstract systems called the admissible hierarchic set. The solution we propose is a refinement of the hierarchic solution, a generalization of the von Neumann and Morgenstern solution. For finite abstract systems we show that the admissible hierarchic sets and the von Neumann and Morgenstern stable sets are the only outcomes of a coalition formation procedure (Wilson, 1972 and Roth, 1984). For coalitional games we prove that the core is either a vN&M stable set or an admissible hierarchic set.

An Approach to the stability of international environmental agreements: the absorbing sets solution

We study international environmental negotiations when agreements between countries can not be binding. A problem with this kind of negotiations is that countries have incentives for free-riding from such agreements. We develope a notion of equilibrium based on the assumption that countries can create and dissolve agreements in their seeking of a larger welfare. This approach leads to a larger degree of cooperation compared to models based on the internal-external stability approach.

The von Neumann-Morgenstern stable sets for 2x2 games

We analyze the von Neumann and Morgenstern stable sets for the mixed extension of 2 2 games when only single profitable deviations are allowed. We show that the games without a strict Nash equilibrium have a unique vN&M stable set and otherwise they have infinite sets.

Study of the damage-induced anisotropy of quasi-brittle materials using the component assembling model

Damage-induced anisotropy of quasi-brittle materials is investigated using component assembling model in this study. Damage-induced anisotropy is one significant character of quasi-brittle materials coupled with nonlinearity and strain softening. Formulation of such complicated phenomena is a difficult problem till now. The present model is based on the component assembling concept, where constitutive equations of materials are formed by means of assembling two kinds of components' response functions. These two kinds of components, orientational and volumetric ones, are abstracted based on pair-functional potentials and the Cauchy - Born rule. Moreover, macroscopic damage of quasi-brittle materials can be reflected by stiffness changing of orientational components, which represent grouped atomic bonds along discrete directions. Simultaneously, anisotropic characters are captured by the naturally directional property of the orientational component. Initial damage surface in the axial-shear stress space is calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, the anisotropic quasi-brittle damage behaviors of concrete under uniaxial, proportional, and nonproportional combined loading are analyzed to elucidate the utility and limitations of the present damage model. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental data and predicted results of the classical anisotropic damage models.

Comparisons of static, quasi-static and dynamic 3D porous media scale network models for two-phase immiscible flow in porous media

A dynamic 3D pore-scale network model is formulated for investigating the effect of interfacial tension and oil-water viscosity during chemical flooding. The model takes into account both viscous and capillary forces in analyzing the impact of chemical properties on flow behavior or displacement configuration, while the static model with conventional invasion percolation algorithm incorporates the capillary pressure only. From comparisons of simulation results from these models. it indicates that the static pore scale network model can be used successfully when the capillary number is low. With the capillary increases due to the enhancement of water viscosity or decrease of interfacial tension, only the quasi-static and dynamic model can give insight into the displacement mechanisms.

Scenario sets

The outputs from the pilot work with CIBT to develop scenario guide based on existing work across European business, adding an education and more specifically IT perspective to generic scenarios.