Retention Systems to Implant-Supported Craniofacial Prostheses

Osseointegrated implants in craniofacial reconstructions improve prostheses retention and stability and comfort and safety for a patient. According to biomechanical principles, the treatment success regarding osseointegration maintenance depends on an adequate surgical technique associated to a retention system that provides favorable tension distribution to implants. Furthermore, patient expectation, esthetics, function, and anatomic limitations must be evaluated during treatment planning. Therefore, the aims of this study were to present available retention systems to implant-supported craniofacial prosthesis and to highlight the advantages, indications, and limitations. A literature review was conducted through a MEDLINE search. Sixteen articles and 2 textbooks met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. It was concluded that the success of craniofacial rehabilitation with implants depends on an adequate surgical technique and an adequate selection of a retention system.

Influence of Y-TZP ceramic treatment and different resin cements on bond strength to dentin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of oxygen flow on crystallization and morphology of LiNbO3 thin films

Polymeric precursor solution (Pechini method) was used to deposit LiNbO3 thin films by spin-coating on (100) silicon substrates. X-ray diffraction data of thin films showed that the increase of oxygen flow promotes a preferred orientation of (001) LiNbO3 planes parallel to the substrate surface. Surface roughness and grain size, observed by atomic force microscopy, change also with oxygen flow.

Relationship between grain-boundary capacitance and bulk shallow donors in SnO2 polycrystalline semiconductor

The relationship between grain-boundary capacitance and extrinsic shallow donors caused by Nb addition to SnO2 center dot COO binary polycrystalline system has been investigated by means of combined techniques such as I-V characteristic response, complex impedance and capacitance analysis and electrostatic force microscopy. The estimated role of the Nb doping is to increase the concentration of shallow donors that are capable of enhancing the electronic donation to grain-boundary acceptors. This effect leads to the formation of potential barriers at grain boundaries with a simultaneous increase of grain-boundary capacitance and non-Ohmic features of the polycrystalline device doped with Nb atoms.

Admittance and dielectric spectroscopy of polycrystalline semiconductors

This text discusses about advantageous, powerful and limitations of admittance and dielectric spectroscopy in the characterization of polycrystalline semiconductors. In the context of polycrystalline semiconductors or dielectric materials, the admittance or dielectric frequency response analyses are shown to be sometimes more useful than impedance spectra analysis, mainly because information on the capacitances or deep trap states are possible to be monitored from admittance or dielectric spectra as a function of dopant concentration or annealing effects. The majority of examples of the application of admittance or dielectric analysis approach were here based on SnO2- and ZnO-based polycrystalline semiconductors devices presenting nonohmic properties. Examples of how to perform the characterization of Schottky barrier in such devices are clearly depicted. The approach is based on findings of the true Mott-Schottky pattern of the barrier by extracting the grain boundary capacitance value from complex capacitance diagram analysis. The equivalent circuit of such kind of devices is mainly consistent with the existence of three parallel elements: the high-frequency limit related to grain boundary capacitances, the complex incremental capacitance at intermediate frequency related to the deep trap relaxation and finally at low frequency region the manifestation of the conductance term representing the dc conductance of the multi-junction device. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Electrical Properties of Textured Niobium-Doped Bismuth Titanate Ceramics

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of oxygen flow on crystallization and morphology of LiNbO 3 thin films

Polymeric precursor solution (Pechini method) was used to deposit LiNbO 3 thin films by spin-coating on (100) silicon substrates. X-ray diffraction data of thin films showed that the increase of oxygen flow promotes a preferred orientation of (001) LiNbO 3 planes parallel to the substrate surface. Surface roughness and grain size, observed by atomic force microscopy, change also with oxygen flow. © 2002 Taylor & Francis.

Classificação Estrutural e Qualidade da Madeira do Clone GT 1 de Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg

Latex is the main product extracted from rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis). In Brazil, at the end of the production cycle of latex, the wood of rubber tree is traditionally used for energy purposes, but several international studies have reported consolidated practices of adding value to it. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the quality of wood and classify it structurally based on its mechanical properties. Six 20-year-old trees of the clone GT 1 of rubber tree proceeding from Itajobi, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil were sampled. Reduced dimensions specimens in the radial direction of the wood were produced to evaluate the quality by compression parallel to the grain, static bending and Janka hardness tests. Two specimens, one from the lower log (since the ground up to breast height) and one from the higher log (from breast height up to 2.50 m) were produced for structural classification of the wood based on the characteristic strength in compression parallel to the grain (NBR 7190 norm, 1997). The wood was classified as C40 (fc0k ≥ 40 MPa) class. Results revealed that the strength was not statistically different in the radial direction (except for the Janka hardness), though tending to increase from pith to bark.

Prospects for the use of municipal tree pruning wastes in particleboard production

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made with pruning wastes from Ipê (Tabebuia serratifolia) and Chapéu-de-Sol (Terminalia catappa) trees. Particleboards were prepared with both wood species, using all the material produced by grinding the pruning wastes. The particleboards had dimensions of 45×45 cm, a thickness of approximately 11.5 mm and an average density of 664 kg/m3. A urea-formaldehyde adhesive was used in the proportion of 12% of the dry particle mass. The particleboards were pressed at a temperature of 130 C for 10 mins. The physical and mechanical properties analyzed were density, moisture content, thickness swelling, percentage of lignin and cellulose, modulus of resilience, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength parallel to the grain, accordingly to the standards NBR 14810 and CS 236-66 (1968). The particleboards were considered to be of medium density. The particle size significantly affected the static bending strength and tensile strength parallel to the grain. Ipê presented better results, demonstrating a potential for the production and use of particleboard made from this species. © The Author(s) 2013.

Soldagem de alumínio: influência dos parâmetros de pulso na distorção angular

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise da distribuição das tensões em restaurações cerâmicas sobre dente natural e implante por meio do método dos elementos finitos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modelo fractal para resistividade complexa de rochas: interpretação petrofísica e aplicação à exploração geoelétrica

Rochas contendo metálicos disseminados ou partículas de argila em ambiente natural onde soluções eletrolíticas normalmente preenchem os poros das rochas, exibem um tipo de polarização em baixas freqüências conhecido como polarização induzida. Nesta tese foi desenvolvido um novo modelo para descrever o fenômeno de polarização das rochas, não apenas em baixas freqüências, mas compreendendo todo o espectro eletromagnético, possível de utilização na prospecção geoelétrica. Este novo modelo engloba a maioria dos modelos utilizados até o momento como casos especiais, além de superar as limitações dos mesmos. Seu circuito analógico inclui uma impedância não linear do tipo r (iwtf)^-n que simula o efeito das superfícies rugosas das interfaces entre os grãos bloqueadores (partículas metálicas e/ou de argilas) e o eletrólito. A impedância de Warburg generalizada está em série com a resistência dos grãos bloqueadores da passagem de corrente e em paralelo com a impedância da dupla camada associada a essas interfaces. Esta combinação está em série com a resistência do eletrólito nas passagens dos poros bloqueados. Os canais não bloqueados são representados por uma resistência que corresponde à resistividade normal CC da rocha. A combinação desta resistência com a capacitância "global" da rocha é finalmente conectada em paralelo ao resto do circuito mencionado acima. Os parâmetros deste modelo incluem a resistividade CC (p₀), a cargueabilidade (m), três tempos de relaxação (t, Tf and T2), um fator de resistividade de grãos (δ_r), e o expoente de freqüência (η). O tempo de relaxação fractal (Tf), e o expoente de frequencia (η) estão relacionados à geometria fractal das interfaces rugosas entre os minerais condutivos (grãos metálicos e/ou partículas de argila bloqueando os canais dos poros) e o eletrólito. O tempo de relaxação (T) é um resultado da relaxação em baixa freqüência das duplas camadas elétricas formadas nas interfaces eletrólito-cristais, enquanto (T₀) é o tempo de relaxação macroscópico da amostra como um todo. O fator de resistividade dos grãos (δ_r) relaciona a resistividade dos grãos condutivos com o valor de resistividade CC da rocha. A resistividade CC da rocha (p₀), e δ_r estão relacionados à porosidade, à condutividade do eletrólito e às relações mineralógicas entre a matriz e os grãos condutivos. O modelo foi testado sobre um intervalo largo de freqüências contra dados experimentais de amplitude e fase da resistividade bem como para dados de constante dielétrica complexa. Os dados utilizados neste trabalho foram obtidos a partir da digitalização de dados experimentais publicados, obtidos por diversos autores e englobando amostras de rochas sedimentares, ígneas e metam6rficas. É mostrado neste trabalho que os parâmetros deste modelo permitem identificar diferenças texturais e mineralógicas nas rochas. Bote modelo foi introduzido, primeiramente, como propriedade intrínseca de um semiespaço homogêneo sendo demonstrado, neste trabalho, que a resposta observada em superfície reflete as propriedades intrínsecas do meio polarizável, sendo o acoplamento eletromagnético desprezível em freqüências menores que 104 Hz. Em seguida, o meio polarizável foi embebido em um pacote de N camadas sendo demonstrado que os parâmetros fractais do meio polarizável podem ser obtidos do levantamento em superfície para diferentes espessuras dessa camada. Isto justifica a utilização pura e simples de modelos de polarização desenvolvidos para amostras em laboratório para ajustar dados de campo, o que vem sendo feito sem uma justificativa bem fundamentada. Estes resultados demonstram a importância para a prospecção geolétrica do modelo proposto nesta tese.

Comparação entre valores de ensaios experimentais e calculados da resistência ao embutimento da madeira de Pinus taeda L.

To design connections between timber parts with metal dowels (nails or bolts), two phenomena must be considered: bending of the metal dowel and the embedment strength in the wood. The Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997 proposes the methods used in the laboratory tests to determine the embedment strength with the metal dowell and, in the absence of testing, specifies relations to calculate the embedment strength from the compression strength. The aim of this research was to compare the embedment strength values obtained by experimental tests and calculated by the relationships established by the Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997. By the results of the hypothesis tests, it was possible to conclude that the estimate of the embedment strength parallel to the grain proposed by the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997, establishing equivalence with the strength compression results in the same direction, must be effective to the wood species Pinus taeda L., however, the same was not found in the perpendicular direction with respect to the grain, possibly explained by the alpha(e) values in the equation to calculed fe(90)

Bifurcations Leading to Nonlinear Oscillations in a 3D Piecewise Linear Memristor Oscillator

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ecologia das populações e comunidades dos camarôes Decapoda no litoral norte de Santa Catarina

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBB