993 resultados para Manucci, Niccolao, 1639-1717.


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在对编码序列的碱基分布作大量统计分析的基础上,对内含子序列中G、C的分布作了统计分析.发现内含子在“三碱基组”的意义下,第一位上(G+C)含量占优势.如果将同一基因的外显子三联密码和内含子“三碱基组”做比较,发现在内含子中出现而外显子中没有的那些三碱基组,它们大多属于Lió所列出的“非偏爱”密码

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Plants as well as other biological organisms achieve directed movements by fibres that constraint and direct the isotropic expansion of a matrix material. In order to mimic these actuators, complex arrangements of rigid fibres must be achieved, which is challenging, especially at small scales. In this paper, a new method to organize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into complex shapes is employed to create a framework for hydrogel infiltration. These CNT frameworks can be realized as iris, needle and bridge architectures, and after hydrogel infiltration, they show directed actuation in response to water uptake. Finally, we show how the latter can be employed as a novel hygroscopic sensor. © 2011 IEEE.

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This paper is concerned with the development of efficient algorithms for propagating parametric uncertainty within the context of the hybrid Finite Element/Statistical Energy Analysis (FE/SEA) approach to the analysis of complex vibro-acoustic systems. This approach models the system as a combination of SEA subsystems and FE components; it is assumed that the FE components have fully deterministic properties, while the SEA subsystems have a high degree of randomness. The method has been recently generalised by allowing the FE components to possess parametric uncertainty, leading to two ensembles of uncertainty: a non-parametric one (SEA subsystems) and a parametric one (FE components). The SEA subsystems ensemble is dealt with analytically, while the effect of the additional FE components ensemble can be dealt with by Monte Carlo Simulations. However, this approach can be computationally intensive when applied to complex engineering systems having many uncertain parameters. Two different strategies are proposed: (i) the combination of the hybrid FE/SEA method with the First Order Reliability Method which allows the probability of the non-parametric ensemble average of a response variable exceeding a barrier to be calculated and (ii) the combination of the hybrid FE/SEA method with Laplace's method which allows the evaluation of the probability of a response variable exceeding a limit value. The proposed approaches are illustrated using two built-up plate systems with uncertain properties and the results are validated against direct integration, Monte Carlo simulations of the FE and of the hybrid FE/SEA models. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

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The expression vector containing phbB and ble genes was constructed and transformed into cell-wall-deficient strain Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CC-849 by the glass-head method. The transgenic alga was selected and maintained in the TAP agar plates containing 10 mug/mL Zeomycin. Transgenic alga, which could express phbB at the transcriptional level, was obtained and further confirmed with PCR, Southern blot and RT-PCR-DNA hybridization analysis.

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A triplexer is fabricated based on SOI arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs). Three wavelengths of the triplexer operate at different diffraction orders of an arrayed waveguide grating. The signals of 1490 nm and 1550 nm, which are input from central input waveguide of an AWG, are demultiplexed and the signal of 1310 nm, which is input from central output waveguide of an AWG, is uploaded. The tested results show that the downloaded and uploaded signals have flat-top response. The insertion loss is 9 dB on chip, the nonadjacent crosstalk is less than -30 dB for 1490 nm and 1301 nm, and is less than -25 dB for 1550 nm, the 3 dB bandwidth equates that of the input light source.

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拒绝服务攻击是一类最难对付的网络安全问题.近来,人们提出了多种对策.其中由Savage等人提出的一类基于概率的包标记方案比较有研究价值.这里先对拒绝服务攻击的对策作一简述,然后分析了几种包标记方案,指出了它们的一些缺陷,并提出了一些改进措施.其中,对基本型概率包标记方案的一个修改使得计算量大大减少.

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多级安全数据库的安全策略需要各种模型来表达,访问控制模型是其中之一.强制访问控制(MAC)模型保证多级数据库中的信息流动符合系统的安全策略.利用基于角色的访问控制(RBAC)来实现MAC能方便多级安全数据库的权限管理.提出了一种MAC与RBAC的综合模型,定义了多级角色与内部角色的概念,并给出了综合模型中经过修改后的操作,使得系统能自动地完成符合强制访问控制策略的用户权限的管理.该模型方便了管理员的权限管理,适合用户较多,安全层次比较复杂的多级关系数据库系统.最后给出了模型的部分实现机制.

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分布式认知理论通过协调人机对话,结合人和计算机各自的优势解决问题,在人机交互研究中扮演了指导者的角色.尽管分布式认知理论支持的资源模型在分析人机交互时取得了成功,但模型存在不能提供复杂用户任务支持、缺乏对模型中元素的准确定义等问题,在一定程度上导致了表现形式上的混乱.使用分布式认知理论构造了扩展资源模型,建立人机交互活动中的动作和表征之间的联系,从而指导界面的设计和实现.扩展资源模型从静态结构和交互策略两个方面对界面交互动作提供支持,在交互中减少人的认知负担.该研究对设计符合人的认知特点的界面具有一定的指导作用.

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本工作对聚丁二烯(PBD)进行了光谱微结构分析,主要考察了三个问题。1、PBD分子链构象对PBD红外光谱的影响本工作对高顺式(c)PBD样品进行了室温和低温(25℃和-150℃)红外光谱测定,发现高顺式PBD在低温下整个光谱吸收峰大部分峰宽变窄,峰强增加,特别是738cm~(-1)峰,在低温下位移至748cm~(-1),峰强增加一倍多。另外还观察到低温结晶态出现802和598cm~(-1)两个吸收峰,在以前文献中未曾有过报导,我们将它们归属为顺式结构结晶峰。通过计算分峰,原来738cm~(-1)峰分成两个位于742和727cm~(-1)的子峰,在低温下,两个子峰分别位移至748和735cm~(-1),与室温时比较,两个子峰半宽都明显变小。748cm~(-1)子峰峰强也大大增加。结构分析表明,顺式结构特征振动CH=CH面外变角与分子链的构象有密切联系,而仅式(T)和1.2(v)结构却不存在这种情况,因而967cm~(-1)(T)和911cm~(-1)(v)两特征峰低温下变化都很小。本工作认为顺式结构738cm~(-1)峰这一变化是由于顺式结构不同分子链构象所造成的。低温和室温下分峰所得的左子峰对应于最稳定构象产生的吸收,右子峰则对应于相对不稳定构象产生的吸收。同时本工作肯定了米晋瑁等人提出的红外光谱定量分析方法在高顺式样品中的适用性。2、PBD分子链序列结构对红外光谱的影响由于在非高顺式样品中存在CCC、CCT、CCV、TCV、TCT、VCV等多种序列形式,通过不同组成的PBD红外光谱分析,发现在乙烯基含量中、高的样品中,原来738cm~(-1)峰已不再存在,峰值出现在733cm~(-1)附近,而且受1.2结构部分吸收的严重影响,顺式结构CH=CH面外变角吸收已不再是顺式结构的特征峰。通过对850至650cm~(-1)光谱区的光谱解析,本工作认为朱晋瑁等人的红外光谱定量分析方法在乙烯含量中、高的样品中已不再适用。3、PBD拉曼光谱的微结构分析本工作对PBD拉曼光谱1600-1700cm~(-1)区进行了光谱测定,选择了1666、1652和1639.5cm~(-1)吸收峰作为T、C和V构型的特征峰,借助于景遐斌老师的计算分峰方法,对PBD样品进行微结构分析,结果表明,各吸收带拟合良好,特征峰峰位稳定,分别在1666±1、1652±1.5和1639.5±1 cm~(-1),半峰宽变化不大,峰与峰之间相互影响很小,也就是说,我们选用的特征峰是合理的。用分峰所得的相对面积,结合~1H-NMR测得的值,建立了拉曼光谱PBD定量分析方法。用这一方法对27个不同微结构组成的PBD样品进行分析,所得结果与~1HNMR(高顺式样品与~(13)C-NMR、IR)比较,绝大部分样品一致性很好,最大偏差小于2%。本工作认为,用1666、1652和1639.5cm~(-1)碳双键伸缩振动吸收峰作为T、C和V构型特征峰进行定量分析,在理论上是合理的,在实际上是可行的。而且本方法直接使用固体样品,不经任何溶解和处理,所有计算处理在微机上即可实现,操作和计算都很方便。

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提出了一种新的嵌入在FPGA中可重构的流水线乘法器设计.该设计采用了改进的波茨编码算法,可以实现18×18有符号乘法或17×17无符号乘法.还提出了一种新的电路优化方法来减少部分积的数目,并且提出了一种新的乘法器版图布局,以便适应tilebased FPGA芯片设计所加的约束.该乘法器可以配置成同步或异步模式,也町以配置成带流水线的模式以满足高频操作.该设计很容易扩展成不同的输入和输出位宽.同时提出了一种新的超前进位加法器电路来产生最后的结果.采用了传输门逻辑来实现整个乘法器.乘法器采用了中芯国际0.13μm CMOS工艺来实现,完成18×18的乘法操作需要4.1ns.全部使用2级的流水线时,时钟周期可以达到2.5ns.这比商用乘法器快29.1%,比其他乘法器快17.5%.与传统的基于查找表的乘法器相比,该乘法器的面积为传统乘法器面积的1/32.