997 resultados para Drogas ilícitas


Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Esta pesquisa visou a avaliar a associação entre o consumo de substâncias (álcool, tabaco e drogas ilícitas) e problemas familiares numa amostra de 965 adolescentes em 50 escolas públicas de dois municípios do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, em 2007. Foi utilizado o Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) para a coleta de dados. O uso de álcool, tabaco e drogas ilícitas foi associado à avaliação negativa da relação familiar, à falta de suporte/monitoramento e ao uso de substâncias por familiares (p < 0,05). Os estudantes que relataram ter feito uso de substâncias apresentaram mais problemas familiares do que aqueles que não consumiram nenhuma substância (p < 0,001). Os adolescentes que usaram álcool e tabaco (p = 0,028) e drogas ilícitas (p < 0,001) relataram ter mais problemas familiares do que aqueles que usaram apenas álcool. Os resultados apontam para a importância de se ficar atento ao consumo de álcool e tabaco entre os adolescentes, já que o relato do consumo das duas substâncias esteve associado a prejuízos familiares significativos, semelhantes ao uso de drogas ilícitas.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Este estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o instrumento Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Initial e calcular seu Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Trata-se de estudo metodológico, de adaptação cultural do instrumento. O instrumento foi traduzido para o português em duas versões que deram origem à síntese das traduções, submetida à avaliação de quatro juízes experts na área de álcool e outras drogas. Após modificações, foi retraduzido e ressubmetido aos juízes e autores do instrumento original, resultando na versão final do instrumento, Avaliação Global das Necessidades Individuais - Inicial O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo do instrumento foi de 0,91, considerado válido pela literatura. O instrumento Avaliação Global das Necessidades Individuais - Inicial é um instrumento adaptado culturalmente para o português falado no Brasil; entretanto, não foi submetido a testes com a população-alvo, o que sugere que sejam realizados estudos que testem sua confiabilidade e validade.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Os profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) atuam em comunidades onde a complexidade de problemáticas médico-sociais pode levá-los a sofrer psicologicamente, com prejuízos ao atendimento aos usuários e à consolidação da ESF como modelo de reorganização da atenção básica no Brasil. Esse estudo investigou as dificuldades e as formas de enfrentamento referidas por profissionais de equipes da ESF frente às demandas médico-sociais apresentadas pelos usuários em seu cotidiano de trabalho. Grupos focais e entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizados com 68 profissionais de três Unidades de Saúde da Família da cidade de São Paulo. Tráfico e uso de drogas ilícitas, alcoolismo, depressão e violência doméstica são as demandas mais significativas para o grupo estudado. Frente a elas, os profissionais referem formação profissional e capacitação técnica insuficientes, sobrecarga e condições desfavoráveis de trabalho, com sentimentos de impotência e frustração. No enfrentamento das dificuldades, destacam-se as estratégias coletivas, especialmente as reuniões de equipe e apoio matricial, nas quais há troca de experiências, conhecimentos e apoio compartilhado. Os resultados indicam que as dificuldades referidas podem deixar os profissionais da ESF em situação de vulnerabilidade, tal como os usuários por eles atendidos. O investimento no desenvolvimento de competências, o fortalecimento de estratégias de enfrentamento coletivas, assim como maior articulação com as redes de serviços e as lideranças locais, mostram-se necessários para que os profissionais de saúde atuem com menor estresse frente às complexas demandas médico-sociais presentes em seu cotidiano de trabalho, e assim contribuam na consolidação da ESF.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

O presente estudo teve por objetivos a) identificar aspectos da história de vida pessoal, das etapas de desenvolvimento evolutivo e das relações familiares e afetivas de mulheres que cumprem pena em regime fechado, com o intuito de colher elementos significativos e contributivos para a compreensão da vulnerabilidade criminal feminina; b) realizar uma análise sistematizada do caráter, segundo abordagem de Wilhelm Reich, a partir do conteúdo do discurso clínico dessas mulheres. Para tal foram estudados três casos de mulheres reclusas em regime fechado no Centro de Ressocialização Feminino, na cidade de São José do Rio Preto, que respondem pelos artigos 33 e 35 da Lei 11343/06, que refere-se ao tráfico de drogas ilícitas e a associação para o crime, e artigo 157 do Código Penal Brasileiro, que refere-se a roubo. O conteúdo das entrevistas realizadas indicou graves dificuldades no crescimento e desenvolvimento por ambiente desfavorável e por relações psico-afetivas empobrecidas ou insatisfatórias. Encontrou-se em comum nos casos estudados, segundo uma análise reichiana, indicativos de fixação na oralidade, ou seja, traços orais insatisfatórios relacionados à primeira infância, indicando pouca referência identificatória que lhes oferecesse base para defenderem-se da realidade. Entendeu-se que tais falhas desenvolvimentais podem indicar vulnerabilidade para ações criminais como forma de defesa contra angústia, fazendo com que atuem de forma mais imediata ou impulsiva na busca de satisfação.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), considered today one chronic nature of the disease due to the advent of antiretroviral therapy (TARV), brings to individuals living with this disease, difficulties related to social interaction and adaptation to new physical condition and the routines imposed by the treatment. This reality has a strong impact on the lives of these people in order of overcoming them use coping strategies, Coping. In this context, the aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiological, clinical and life habits of people living with AIDS and analyze the coping strategies used with the situation of the disease, according to sociodemographic, clinical and life habits. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 331 people registered at the clinic of the Hospital Giselda Trigueiro (HGT), located in Natal / RN, who had scheduling for outpatient medical consultation from January to August 2014. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte with the Presentation of Certificate for Ethics Assessment (CAAE), paragraph 16578613.0.0000.5537. The data of social characterization showed predominance of men (52%), young people (42%) coming from the capital (58%), mulatto (53%), single (56%), heterosexual (79%), poor (68 %). With regard to clinical aspects it has been found that most held the first HIV testing for less than five years (60%) had signs and symptoms of AIDS before the examination (90%) were hospitalized (90%) started ART for less than five years (60%) believe they have good knowledge of the disease (75%) and believe that their health has improved (92%). For lifestyle, it became clear that most do not consume alcohol (71%), do not smoke (88%) and do not use illicit drugs (92%) and never used condoms before diagnosis (62%) and only 192 (58%) use the currently codon. With regard to the reference was higher coping focused modes of emotion, although the problem solving has been the second most common. The mean scores of women, workers, religious and never abandoned the treatment were higher for all factors. Having a partner, living with family members and support in the treatment had higher average scores for various factors, coinciding in the confrontation, withdrawal and social support. As for the leisure and physical exercise also dominated the modes focused on emotion as was seen in the correlation between the time of treatment, education and family income and IEEFL factors, although with low intensity. The profile of the study population confers with national characteristics, suggesting feminization, internalization, pauperization, heterosexual, increased CD4 cell count and viral load reduction during treatment and maintaining healthy lifestyle habits. Coping strategies used were more focused on emotion. In this context, it is understood that the identification of these strategies can facilitate care planning, encouraging such persons to adapt to stressors with the situation of the disease

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The birth or delivery under 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered a global public health problem, since it is seen as one of the main risk factors for neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in the first week of life. This study had the objective of analyzing the profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies for the outcome of birth. This is an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 109 mothers of all the premature babies and 135 mothers of the randomly selected full-term babies, by drawing, occurred in the period from April to September 2015, in a public maternity. Data were organized on Microsoft Excel 2013; subsequently, there was the analysis of the analytical-descriptive statistics, through Statistica 10, through which the frequencies, proportions, p values, with 5% significance level, through the Chi-square test, were identified. The project was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, receiving a favorable opinion (nº 1047431/2015). This study has enabled us to identify that the socioeconomic profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies showed, in both, low schooling level and low income. In addition, our data point out in the two groups, before and during pregnancy, a high prevalence of sedentariness; statistical significance for overweight and obesity before and during pregnancy, with 42,22% prevalence before pregnancy of mothers of premature babies and 48,62% of mothers of full-term babies; with high blood pressure during pregnancy in 32,11% of mothers of premature babies and 17,04% of mothers of full-term babies. Moreover, pregnancy was only planned in 33,33%, and also unwanted by 21,1% of mothers of premature babies, while 40,37% of mothers of full-term babies planned pregnancy and 17,78% had unwanted pregnancy. With respect to the aggravating factor “illicit drugs”, there was consumption during pregnancy on the part of 8,26% of mothers of premature babies. The most frequent complications were: vaginal bleeding (in 43,12% of mothers of premature babies and 20% of mothers of full-term babies); urinary infection (in 44,95% of mothers of premature babies and 40% of mothers of full-term babies); and stressful pregnancy (in 62,96% of mothers of premature babies and 47,41% of mothers of full-term babies). Accordingly, babies were born with health problems in 58,10% of premature births and there was healthy birth in 96,30% of full-term babies. Therefore, the profile of mothers with obesity and overweight, unwanted pregnancy, user of illegal drugs during pregnancy, stressful pregnancy and vaginal bleeding may be associated with the birth of premature baby as unfavorable and hazardous event for the child’s health.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The birth or delivery under 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered a global public health problem, since it is seen as one of the main risk factors for neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in the first week of life. This study had the objective of analyzing the profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies for the outcome of birth. This is an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 109 mothers of all the premature babies and 135 mothers of the randomly selected full-term babies, by drawing, occurred in the period from April to September 2015, in a public maternity. Data were organized on Microsoft Excel 2013; subsequently, there was the analysis of the analytical-descriptive statistics, through Statistica 10, through which the frequencies, proportions, p values, with 5% significance level, through the Chi-square test, were identified. The project was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, receiving a favorable opinion (nº 1047431/2015). This study has enabled us to identify that the socioeconomic profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies showed, in both, low schooling level and low income. In addition, our data point out in the two groups, before and during pregnancy, a high prevalence of sedentariness; statistical significance for overweight and obesity before and during pregnancy, with 42,22% prevalence before pregnancy of mothers of premature babies and 48,62% of mothers of full-term babies; with high blood pressure during pregnancy in 32,11% of mothers of premature babies and 17,04% of mothers of full-term babies. Moreover, pregnancy was only planned in 33,33%, and also unwanted by 21,1% of mothers of premature babies, while 40,37% of mothers of full-term babies planned pregnancy and 17,78% had unwanted pregnancy. With respect to the aggravating factor “illicit drugs”, there was consumption during pregnancy on the part of 8,26% of mothers of premature babies. The most frequent complications were: vaginal bleeding (in 43,12% of mothers of premature babies and 20% of mothers of full-term babies); urinary infection (in 44,95% of mothers of premature babies and 40% of mothers of full-term babies); and stressful pregnancy (in 62,96% of mothers of premature babies and 47,41% of mothers of full-term babies). Accordingly, babies were born with health problems in 58,10% of premature births and there was healthy birth in 96,30% of full-term babies. Therefore, the profile of mothers with obesity and overweight, unwanted pregnancy, user of illegal drugs during pregnancy, stressful pregnancy and vaginal bleeding may be associated with the birth of premature baby as unfavorable and hazardous event for the child’s health.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Esta investigação encontrou a sua fundamentação numa crescente preocupação sobre a questão da toxicodependência, uma problemática complexa, que até aos nossos dias não tem encontrado uma resposta segura para a sua resolução. O fenómeno da toxicodependência é um problema que acontece em toda a dimensão social. Nos últimos anos a incidência do consumo de drogas ilícitas tem aumentado de forma preocupante na nossa sociedade e em particular nas mulheres. Toda esta problemática da toxicodependência adquire dimensões ainda mais complexas e preocupantes nas situações de gravidez e de maternidade. Esta investigação tem como objectivo conhecer e analisar a experiência de vida e os sentimentos de mães toxicodependentes internadas numa comunidade terapêutica. A opção metodológica do estudo incide numa abordagem qualitativa, de natureza descritiva e de orientação fenomenológica, procurando deste modo conhecer melhor a globalidade dos fenómenos e a sua compreensão como experiência, tal como ela é vivida e tal como esta é definida pelas utentes. Entre outras conclusões, destacamos, a emergência de significações existenciais para a mulher a partir da experiência vivida no mundo da droga, assim como os sentimentos e emoções vividos pela experiência da maternidade. O internamento na comunidade terapêutica é vivido como positivo, ressaltando o crescimento pessoal uma vez que esta experiência proporcionou uma reflexão sobre a sua própria vida, perspectivando assim um projecto vida, um recomeçar.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The discussions concerning the absence of a management model appropriate to the peculiarities of third sector organizations have not been impeditive to their emphasized expansion in the last decades. In the attempt of understanding this phenomenon from the perspective of those who manage social organizations, this work based on the theory of social representations to understand the notion that organization managers of the third sector - based in Fortaleza CE - have of the part that they play and how this notion influences the direction of their activities. Social representations of managers of four different categories of non-governmental organizations have been investigated, each category composed of two unities. The categories researched were: social integration through art and education, prevention and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse, children s health assistance and community action. By using Doise s Societal Approach, the role of social managers translated in intraindividual, interindividual and situational processes of their actions, has been analysed within the social representations, focusing on beliefs, values, symbols and stories that give meaning to the existence of non-governmental organizations. Analysis and discussion of data displayed the existence of diversity in the understanding of managers within their practice, in other words, the management profile is also its own manager s. The branch where an organization acts is also preponderant in the shaping of a management style. It could be deduced, from to the organizations researched, that professional formation and the manager s social insertion mainly, are determinative factors in the outlining of a management model of its own. It was concluded that, due to heterogeneity of interests and action segments, there is no systematic process for social management among organizations. Management styles are supported by their director s own perception of achievement, who model organizations according to their contingencies

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The discussions concerning the absence of a management model appropriate to the peculiarities of third sector organizations have not been impeditive to their emphasized expansion in the last decades. In the attempt of understanding this phenomenon from the perspective of those who manage social organizations, this work based on the theory of social representations to understand the notion that organization managers of the third sector - based in Fortaleza CE - have of the part that they play and how this notion influences the direction of their activities. Social representations of managers of four different categories of non-governmental organizations have been investigated, each category composed of two unities. The categories researched were: social integration through art and education, prevention and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse, children s health assistance and community action. By using Doise s Societal Approach, the role of social managers translated in intraindividual, interindividual and situational processes of their actions, has been analysed within the social representations, focusing on beliefs, values, symbols and stories that give meaning to the existence of non-governmental organizations. Analysis and discussion of data displayed the existence of diversity in the understanding of managers within their practice, in other words, the management profile is also its own manager s. The branch where an organization acts is also preponderant in the shaping of a management style. It could be deduced, from to the organizations researched, that professional formation and the manager s social insertion mainly, are determinative factors in the outlining of a management model of its own. It was concluded that, due to heterogeneity of interests and action segments, there is no systematic process for social management among organizations. Management styles are supported by their director s own perception of achievement, who model organizations according to their contingencies

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Este trabajo revisa las diferentes etapas de la cadena de valor del narcotráfico en Colombia, empezando por el cultivo de la hoja de coca, pasando por el microtráfico en ciudades del país y el lavado de las rentas provenientes de este negocio. Asimismo, revisa las implicaciones que sobre la cadena del narcotráfico tiene la firma de un acuerdo entre el Gobierno Nacional y las FARC. Esta revisión hizo evidentes dos retos principales de cara al posacuerdo: Primero, la lucha contra la cadena del narcotráfico se ha fundamentado en acciones dirigidas a los eslabones más fáciles de atacar, que a su vez son los menos valor agregado generan en el negocio. En particular, gran parte de los recursos se ha orientado a la reducción de cultivos ilícitos enfrentando campesinos cultivadores, con menos acciones dirigidas a la destrucción de laboratorios e interdicción, pocas al microtráfico y casi ninguna al lavado de activos. Esto tiene serias implicaciones sobre la legitimidad del Estado y sobre resultados tangibles que logren disminuir de manera significativa las rentas del tráfico de cocaína. Segundo, no es claro que el Gobierno Nacional tenga la capacidad de copar los espacios de control territorial que tienen hoy las FARC. Este grupo armado ilegal controla gran parte de los cultivos ilícitos de coca y pretende apoyarse en los cultivadores, entre otros, como base política en el posacuerdo. No obstante, es claro que otros grupos como el ELN y las bandas criminales tienen suficientes incentivos para, una vez las Farc estén por fuera del espectro político y se vean impedidas para obtener sus intereses por la fuerza, ampliar su control territorial sobre estas zonas. Una parte importante de las ganancias que trae el posacuerdo para el país dependerán de cómo se sortea esta situación. Este trabajo propone una revisión de estos retos, y contribuye a la discusión de política pública sobre las que se fundamentarán las instituciones del posacuerdo.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Questões de verdadeiro ou falso sobre gravidez na adolescência, DST e uso de drogas.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Palavras cruzadas sobre tuberculose, consumo de crack e redução de danos

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Analisar as medidas de prevenção do uso de drogas na APS e as estratégias de atuação da equipe da saúde da família buscando compreender as formas de abordagens do uso abusivo de drogas na APS.