Involvement of the hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in memory consolidation

A total of 182 young adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally implanted with cannulae into the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus and into the amygdaloid nucleus, the entorhinal cortex, and the posterior parietal cortex. After recovery, the animals were trained in a step-down inhibitory avoidance task. At various times after training (0, 30, 60 or 90 min) the animals received a 0.5-µl microinfusion of vehicle (saline) or 0.5 µg of muscimol dissolved in the vehicle. A retention test was carried out 24 h after training. Retention test performance was hindered by muscimol administered into both the hippocampus and amygdala at 0 but not at 30 min posttraining. The drug was amnestic when given into the entorhinal cortex 30, 60 or 90 min after training, or into the parietal cortex 60 or 90 min after training, but not before. These findings suggest a sequential entry operation, during the posttraining period, of the hippocampus and amygdala, the entorhinal cortex, and the posterior parietal cortex in memory processing

Panic-like defensive behavior but not fear-induced antinociception is differently organized by dorsomedial and posterior hypothalamic nuclei of Rattus norvegicus (Rodentia, Muridae)

The hypothalamus is a forebrain structure critically involved in the organization of defensive responses to aversive stimuli. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic dysfunction in dorsomedial and posterior hypothalamic nuclei is implicated in the origin of panic-like defensive behavior, as well as in pain modulation. The present study was conducted to test the difference between these two hypothalamic nuclei regarding defensive and antinociceptive mechanisms. Thus, the GABA A antagonist bicuculline (40 ng/0.2 µL) or saline (0.9% NaCl) was microinjected into the dorsomedial or posterior hypothalamus in independent groups. Innate fear-induced responses characterized by defensive attention, defensive immobility and elaborate escape behavior were evoked by hypothalamic blockade of GABA A receptors. Fear-induced defensive behavior organized by the posterior hypothalamus was more intense than that organized by dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei. Escape behavior elicited by GABA A receptor blockade in both the dorsomedial and posterior hypothalamus was followed by an increase in nociceptive threshold. Interestingly, there was no difference in the intensity or in the duration of fear-induced antinociception shown by each hypothalamic division presently investigated. The present study showed that GABAergic dysfunction in nuclei of both the dorsomedial and posterior hypothalamus elicit panic attack-like defensive responses followed by fear-induced antinociception, although the innate fear-induced behavior originates differently in the posterior hypothalamus in comparison to the activity of medial hypothalamic subdivisions.

Estado e economia na Coreia do Sul - do Estado desenvolvimentista à crise asiática e à recuperação posterior

The State and the economy in South Korea: from the developmentist state to the Asian crisis and later recovery. The article focuses on the institutions of South Korean capitalism and on the interactions between the state and the economy. The economic model in South Korea was characterized by a very interventionist state, which played a very active role in the process of industrialization. However, South Korea suffered a severe crisis in 1997, attributed by many authors to the distortions inherent to strong state intervention. The article shows that the crisis was a result of the combination between internal economic fragilities and a rapid process of financial deregulation, which undermined the state's capacity of control. The crisis, nevertheless, does not disqualify the role of the national institutions in the very successful process of industrialization. Despite the reforms, the Korean capitalism conserves much of the previous model of business organization and industrial relations. The state continues strong and played active role in the process of economic reforms. There are, nevertheless, doubts about the impacts of the reforms and the new configuration of Korean capitalism. They will depend on the current transformations in world economy and in the East Asian countries.

1.° Vita sancti Martini : authore Sulpitio Severo ; desideratur initium. — 2.° Ejusdem Sulpitii epistola ad Eusebium, Presbyterum. — 3.° Ejusdem epistola ad Aurelium, Diaconum. — 4.° Ejusdem epistola ad Bassulam, socrum suam. — 5.° Ejusdem dialogorum libri tres. — 6.° Versiculi in laudem sancti Martini. — 7.° Sancti Martini liber de Trinitate. — 8.° Vita S. Briccii, Turonensis Episcopi. — 9.° Gregorii Turonensis epistolae de transitu sancti Martini. — 10.° Sancti Anselmi, Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis, meditationes : finis desideratur. — Hujusce codicis pars prior saeculo decimo, posterior decimo quarto videtur exarata.

Colbertinus

1.° Breviarium historiae Romanae : authore Eutropio ; tres libri postremi desiderantur. — 2.° Sancti Isidori Hispalensis chronicon Gothorum. — 3.° Excerpta ex historia Pauli Orosii, et ex Isidori etymologiis. — 4.° Testamentum Caroli Magni. — 5.° Anonymi liber de septem mirabilibus mundi. — 6.° De Mahomete ejusque errore fragmentum, quod Isidoro tribuitur. — Hujusce codicis pars prior saeculo duodecimo exeunte, posterior decimo quarto videtur exarata.

Colbertinus, antea Jacobi Augusti Thuani

Resolución N° 218 ¿Puede una ley posterior configurar situaciones jurídicas constituidas bajo una ley anterior?

Servicios registrales

Medida del espesor del diente en engranes rectos

UANL

Desarrollo de un producto de panificación adicionado con harina de semilla de ébano, ebenopsis ébano (Berland) barneby & grimes y posterior evaluación de parámetros fisicoquímicos y sensoriales.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Alimentos) UANL, 2010.

Mty : nueva medida cefalométrica pasa evaluar la posición antero-posterior de la rama de la mandíbula.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas con Especialidad en Ortodoncia) UANL, 2011.

Estudio controlado, paralelo aleatorio y comparativo del efecto antiinflamatorio del ibuprofeno vs IMMUNEPOTENT CRP posterior a una cirugía de terceros molares inferiores en humanos.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Acentuación en Inmunolobiología) UANL, 2013.

Relación del patrón esqueletal al nivelar la curva de Spee inferior posterior al tratamiento de ortodoncia.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas con orientación en Ortodoncia) UANL, 2013.

Reducción del dolor posterior al ajuste ortodontico, utilizando un método de estímulo vibratorio.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas con especialidad en Ortodoncia) UANL, 2014.

R. P. Ioannis Maldonati Societatis Iesu theologi, Commentarii in quatuor Euangelistas : In duos tomos diuisi, & nunc emendatius in lucem editi. Quorum prior eos, qui in Matthaeum, & Marcum; posterior eos, qui in Lucam, & Ioannem, complectitur.

UANL

Flor de Academias y Diente del Parnaso

UANL

Firmitudo catholicae veritatis de psychosomatica deiparentis assumptione: disquisitio prior historico-biblico-speculativo-polemica necnon harmonia Catholici dogmatis de pneumato somatica Deiparentis Assumptione : disquisitio posterior critico-philosophico-theologico-diplomatica

UANL