The new digital revolution: From the consumer Internet to the industrial Internet

The new digital technologies have led to widespread use of cloud computing, recognition of the potential of big data analytics, and significant progress in aspects of the Internet of Things, such as home automation, smart cities and grids and digital manufacturing. In addition to closing gaps in respect of the basic necessities of access and usage, now the conditions must be established for using the new platforms and finding ways to participate actively in the creation of content and even new applications and platforms. This message runs through the three chapters of this book. Chapter I presents the main features of the digital revolution, emphasizing that today’s world economy is a digital economy. Chapter II examines the region’s strengths and weaknesses with respect to digital access and consumption. Chapter III reviews the main policy debates and urges countries to take a more proactive approach towards, for example, regulation, network neutrality and combating cybercrime. The conclusion highlights two crucial elements: first, the need to take steps towards a single regional digital market that can compete in a world of global platforms by tapping the benefits of economies of scale and developing network economies; and second, the significance of the next stage of the digital agenda for Latin America and the Caribbean (eLAC2018), which will embody the latest updates to a cooperation strategy that has been in place for over a decade.

Hacia la inclusión social juvenil: herramientas para el análisis y el diseño de políticas

La integración de la población juvenil en los procesos de desarrollo es crucial para avanzar hacia una sociedad más igualitaria. En los últimos años, la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) ha postulado la consideración de la igualdad como el horizonte del desarrollo, el cambio estructural como el camino y la política como el instrumento para alcanzarlo. Se plantea interpretar la igualdad desde una perspectiva que vaya más allá de la distribución de medios, como los ingresos monetarios, y que incluya igualar oportunidades y capacidades. Esto significa entender la igualdad como el pleno ejercicio de la ciudadanía, en dignidad y con el reconocimiento recíproco de los actores. Para avanzar en esa línea, se necesitan políticas que promuevan tanto la autonomía de los sujetos como la atención a sus vulnerabilidades.

Flexibilização e novas estratégias de intensificação do trabalho nas usinas de açúcar e álcool a partir dos anos 90: estudo de caso na região de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR

Desarrollo social inclusivo: una nueva generación de políticas para superar la pobreza y reducir la desigualdad en América Latina y el Caribe

Prólogo de Alicia Bárcena

Possibilidades de intervenção e de desenvolvimento urbanos em área de assentamento espontâneo no contexto metropolitano de Belém: o caso do Paracuri 3

Este trabalho analisa estrategias de desenvolvimento urbano em areas de assentamento espontaneo tendo em vista as concepçoes de moradia, de espaço urabanizado de desenvolvimento urabano que se fazem presentes na perspectiva da populaçao moradora e de tecnicos e urbanistas quando se pensa intervençao e re-qualificaçao urbana de espaços segregados. Para a analise faz-se um estudo de caso da ocupaçao urabana do Paracuri 3, localizada no distrito de Icoaraci, Regiao Metropolitana de Belem. A metodologia utilizada pressupos a pesquisa bibliografica,a observaçao direta e a aplicaçao de questionarios com questoes semi-estruturadas com tecnicos/urbanistas e moradores. A partir das vivencias dos moradores da area e da concepçao de tecnicos que conhecem a area ou tem experiencia de trabalho na mesma, constatou-se a existencia de uma tensao entre tais concepçoes, alem da existencia de estrategias difrenciadas de desenvolvimento urbano revelada a partir dessas mesmas concepçoes.

A institucionalidade da ciência, tecnologia e inovação na Amazônia e a conformação de trajetórias e paradigmas tecnológicos

O artigo analisa aspectos da produção e da apropriação de ciência e tecnologia na Amazônia brasileira e a relação delas com estratégias de desenvolvimento. Tendo por base indicadores estatísticos, foram realizadas análises acerca dos nexos entre a produção científi ca regional e a produção mercantil; da dimensão desta produção; da qualidade das instituições de ciência, tecnologia e inovação da região; e do grau de adensamento especialização destas. O artigo indica que os padrões observados criam bloqueios para a consolidação de trajetórias e de paradigmas tecnológicos necessários para impulsionar dinâmicas de desenvolvimento sustentável na região.

Urbanização e estratégias de desenvolvimento no Pará: da ocupação ribeirinha aos assentamentos precários

Este texto investiga os investimentos recentes na produção de habitação e urbanização de assentamentos precários da primeira geração de contratos do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - PAC, na sua modalidade Infraestrutura Social e Urbana, em andamento na capital do Pará, Belém, e em cidades que desempenham funções de cidades médias no estado do Pará - Marabá e Castanhal. Para melhor situar o problema, o texto explicita como ciclos econômicos ocorridos na região estão associados ao crescimento demográfico, ao desenvolvimento urbano e à produção dos assentamentos informais nessas cidades, e explora como as intervenções respondem a variáveis tais como acesso a terra e inserção na cidade, gestão e regulação urbanística disponíveis, padrões de uso e ocupação do solo praticados, e potencial de consolidação dos assentamentos após a intervenção, na expectativa de inferir se há padrões entre tais ações e qual sua contribuição para a estruturação do espaço dessas cidades.

As estratégias de desenvolvimento na América Latina e as transformações na economia mundial (1930-2008)

The present article discuss how world economic transformations, meanly in the course of structural crisis, conditioned the development strategies of Latin America in the large period between the Great Depression in the 1930s and the 2007 open crisis in the USA. The article provides special attention to national development projects. This paper defends that the outbreak and crisis of developmentism, as well the neoliberal accumulation standard advent, may only be explained, not disregarding the great importance of internal factors, from the international division of labor transformations, the policies and actions of main countries, the geopolitical position of countries and the forces correlation in international scale.

Os momentos maquiavelianos no Brasil e as camadas do poder: do pacto político popular-democrático ao rentista financista

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Elementos de interoperabilidade na perspectiva da catalogação descritiva

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Talent Management in Higher Education: Developing Emerging Leaders Within the Administration at Private Colleges and Universities

This research focused on identifying a series of successful practices relating to administrative talent management within the higher education setting. The field study included a thorough examination of seven small to mid-size private colleges and universities that have incorporated employee development strategies. These strategies were aimed at growing future leaders from within the organization in order to achieve continuity and support institutional priorities. Specifically, several focus areas were investigated including presidential vision, leadership commitment, talent management’s place among institutional priorities, program characteristics, and program evaluation. Among the commonalities that were gathered included support at the senior officer level who serve as advocates, mentors, and program facilitators, a strong connection between talent management and the institutions’ strategic plans, and a holistic approach to developing talent at all levels of the organizations. In addition, both coaching and opportunities for growth in the work environment were evident within several of the institutions. Also, academic leadership development was considered to be a part of the talent management strategy within three of the colleges and universities. The key differentiators included the incorporation of organizational and leadership competencies to provide focus toward the performance development process at two institutions, the implementation of a succession planning model at another institution, and the location of human resource generalists in departments across two of the institutions to identify learning opportunities for both individuals and work teams. Based on both the findings from the field study and the literature review, a comprehensive procedural model is introduced that serves to support human resource departments and higher education professionals, in general, who are looking to either begin or broaden their own talent management approach. However, despite the progress that has been made across several institutions noted throughout the research study, much more must be learned in terms of how the time and resources invested in talent management translates to institutional success. Advisor: James O‘Hanlon

A novel TNFR1-triggered apoptosis pathway mediated by class IA PI3Ks in neutrophils

The most common form of neutrophil death is apoptosis. In the present study, we report surprising differences in the molecular mechanisms used for caspase activation between FAS/CD95-stimulated and TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1)-stimulated neutrophils. Whereas FAS-induced apoptosis was followed by caspase-8 activation and required Bid to initiate the mitochondrial amplification loop, TNF-?-induced apoptosis involved class IA PI3Ks, which were activated by MAPK p38. TNF-?-induced PI3K activation resulted in the generation of reactive oxygen species, which activated caspase-3, a mechanism that did not operate in neutrophils without active NADPH oxidase. We conclude that in neutrophils, proapoptotic pathways after TNFR1 stimulation are initiated by p38 and PI3K, but not by caspase-8, a finding that should be considered in anti-inflammatory drug-development strategies.

Assessing drinking water quality at source and point-of-use : a case study of Koila Bamana, Mali, West Africa

Ensuring water is safe at source and point-of-use is important in areas of the world where drinking water is collected from communal supplies. This report describes a study in rural Mali to determine the appropriateness of assumptions common among development organizations that drinking water will remain safe at point-of-use if collected from a safe (improved) source. Water was collected from ten sources (borehole wells with hand pumps, and hand-dug wells) and forty-five households using water from each source type. Water quality was evaluated seasonally (quarterly) for levels of total coliform, E.coli, and turbidity. Microbial testing was done using the 3M Petrifilm™ method. Turbidity testing was done using a turbidity tube. Microbial testing results were analyzed using statistical tests including Kruskal-Wallis, Mann Whitney, and analysis of variance. Results show that water from hand pumps did not contain total coliform or E.coli and had turbidity under 5 NTUs, whereas water from dug wells had high levels of bacteria and turbidity. However water at point-of-use (household) from hand pumps showed microbial contamination - at times being indistinguishable from households using dug wells - indicating a decline in water quality from source to point-of-use. Chemical treatment at point-of-use is suggested as an appropriate solution to eliminating any post-source contamination. Additionally, it is recommended that future work be done to modify existing water development strategies to consider water quality at point-of-use.