An sämmtliche Nationalgarden von Wien: Die im Ober-Commando heute eingetretene Veränderung löset das dienstliche Verhältniß ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Generalmajor von Sardagna, Stadtkommandant von Wien und seit dem 22. Mai 1848 (interimistischer) Oberkommandierender der Nationalgarde, überläßt das letztere Amt seinem Nachfolger, dem Obersten Pannasch

Ueber die Wahl der Geschwornen: Die Geschwornen haben den wichtigen Beruf, über die thatsächliche Grundlage des Strafprozesses ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Erläuterung der Funktion der Geschworenen und Aufruf, zu diesem Amt nur "biedere, ehrenwerthe Männer" zu wählen

Characterization and source apportionment of organic aerosol using offline aerosol mass spectrometry

Field deployments of the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) have significantly advanced real-time measurements and source apportionment of non-refractory particulate matter. However, the cost and complex maintenance requirements of the AMS make its deployment at sufficient sites to determine regional characteristics impractical. Furthermore, the negligible transmission efficiency of the AMS inlet for supermicron particles significantly limits the characterization of their chemical nature and contributing sources. In this study, we utilize the AMS to characterize the water-soluble organic fingerprint of ambient particles collected onto conventional quartz filters, which are routinely sampled at many air quality sites. The method was applied to 256 particulate matter (PM) filter samples (PM1, PM2:5, and PM10, i.e., PM with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 1, 2.5, and 10 μm, respectively), collected at 16 urban and rural sites during summer and winter. We show that the results obtained by the present technique compare well with those from co-located online measurements, e.g., AMS or Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM). The bulk recoveries of organic aerosol (60–91 %) achieved using this technique, together with low detection limits (0.8 μg of organic aerosol on the analyzed filter fraction) allow its application to environmental samples. We will discuss the recovery variability of individual hydrocarbon ions, ions containing oxygen, and other ions. The performance of such data in source apportionment is assessed in comparison to ACSM data. Recoveries of organic components related to different sources as traffic, wood burning, and secondary organic aerosol are presented. This technique, while subjected to the limitations inherent to filter-based measurements (e.g., filter artifacts and limited time resolution) may be used to enhance the AMS capabilities in measuring size-fractionated, spatially resolved longterm data sets.

Offener Brief an den gewesenen Ober-Borgemeister Krausnick: Gewesener Herr Oberborgemeister! Mit großem Erstaunen habe ich gelesen, daß Sie haben geschrieben an unseren hochedlen Magistrat ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Satirische Kommentierung der Absicht des am 20. März 1848 abgesetzten Berliner Oberbürgermeisters Krausnick, sein Amt wieder aufzunehmen: " ... was würden Sie sagen, wenn Louis Philipp schriebe an die Französische Stadtverordnete in Paris, er will wieder eintreten in seine Krone? Würden Sie nich sagen: Der Mensch is meschugge?"

Neunte Sitzung: Italiener (schreit:) Scheeni Fikuri kaaf! Trag' ick die große Triumphirat auf die Tete, was alliweil maken ganz Europia erzittern ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Von den drei "beriehmsten Männer Europa's", nämlich dem französischen Militärdiktator Cavaignac, dem Eckensteher Nante und dem Volksredner Held werden Gipsbüsten feilgeboten. Zustimmende Kommentierung der revolutionären Ereignisse in Wien: Zweifellos großen Einfluß auf die preußischen ministeriellen Erlasse, Rundschreiben und Armeebefehle hätte die Aufstellung einer Laterne (woran der österreichische Kriegsminister Latour am 6. Oktober 1848 aufgeknüpft wurde) vor dem Ministertisch. Auf die Nachricht von der Ablehnung einer allgemeinen Amnestie durch das Ministerium Pfuel hin legt Brennecke sein Amt als Konstabler wutentbrannt nieder: "... wenn denn Musjeh Wrangel kommt, denn schreien wir: 'Latour!' ... Nu komm! Wir wollen uns mal den Candelaber vor't 'Schloß' ansehn. Hurrah, die Laternen!"

Real-time analysis of δ13C- and δD-CH4 in ambient air with laser spectroscopy: method development and first intercomparison results

In situ and simultaneous measurement of the three most abundant isotopologues of methane using mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated. A field-deployable, autonomous platform is realized by coupling a compact quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer (QCLAS) to a preconcentration unit, called trace gas extractor (TREX). This unit enhances CH4 mole fractions by a factor of up to 500 above ambient levels and quantitatively separates interfering trace gases such as N2O and CO2. The analytical precision of the QCLAS isotope measurement on the preconcentrated (750 ppm, parts-per-million, µmole mole−1) methane is 0.1 and 0.5 ‰ for δ13C- and δD-CH4 at 10 min averaging time. Based on repeated measurements of compressed air during a 2-week intercomparison campaign, the repeatability of the TREX–QCLAS was determined to be 0.19 and 1.9 ‰ for δ13C and δD-CH4, respectively. In this intercomparison campaign the new in situ technique is compared to isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) based on glass flask and bag sampling and real time CH4 isotope analysis by two commercially available laser spectrometers. Both laser-based analyzers were limited to methane mole fraction and δ13C-CH4 analysis, and only one of them, a cavity ring down spectrometer, was capable to deliver meaningful data for the isotopic composition. After correcting for scale offsets, the average difference between TREX–QCLAS data and bag/flask sampling–IRMS values are within the extended WMO compatibility goals of 0.2 and 5 ‰ for δ13C- and δD-CH4, respectively. This also displays the potential to improve the interlaboratory compatibility based on the analysis of a reference air sample with accurately determined isotopic composition.

Mapping spectroscopic uncertainties into prospective methane retrieval errors from Sentinel-5 and its precursor

Sentinel-5 (S5) and its precursor (S5P) are future European satellite missions aiming at global monitoring of methane (CH4) column-average dry air mole fractions (XCH4). The spectrometers to be deployed onboard the satellites record spectra of sunlight backscattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere. In particular, they exploit CH4 absorption in the shortwave infrared spectral range around 1.65 mu m (S5 only) and 2.35 mu m (both S5 and S5P) wavelength. Given an accuracy goal of better than 2% for XCH4 to be delivered on regional scales, assessment and reduction of potential sources of systematic error such as spectroscopic uncertainties is crucial. Here, we investigate how spectroscopic errors propagate into retrieval errors on the global scale. To this end, absorption spectra of a ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) operating at very high spectral resolution serve as estimate for the quality of the spectroscopic parameters. Feeding the FTS fitting residuals as a perturbation into a global ensemble of simulated S5- and S5P-like spectra at relatively low spectral resolution, XCH4 retrieval errors exceed 0.6% in large parts of the world and show systematic correlations on regional scales, calling for improved spectroscopic parameters.

Um die Stadt vor drohendem Unglück zu bewahren, werden sämmtliche Einwohner dringend aufgefordert, ihre Wohnhäuser alsbald zu schließen und verschlossen zu halten

Polizei-Amt

Erwerbsaussichten für jüdische Einwanderer in Palästina

Palästina-Amt

Zusammenstellung der Nachrichten für Seefahrer und der neuesten Vermessungsberichte S. M. Schiffe seit Erscheinen des Buches bis Ende März 1914

Reichs-Marine-Amt

Südsee-Handbuch

Reichs-Marine-Amt

Zusammenstellung der Nachrichten für Seefahrer und der neuesten Vermessungsberichte S.M.Schiffe seit Erscheinen des Buches bis Ende März 1914

Reichs-Marine-Amt

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 259 - Mitteilung über eine zugemessene Provision

u.a.: Schöneberger Quittungen;