2ª Circular

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura com Especialização em Gestão Urbanística, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

Novos Meisho

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

Hacia la conformación de un modelo de distrribución de usos y asignación de características de ocupación a partir de análisis Geo estadístico: caso estudio Av. Paseo de los Cañarís de la ciudad de Cuenca año 2015

La presente tesis tiene por objeto generar estrategias para la distribución de usos y asignación de características de ocupación de suelo, este proceso se apoya en análisis geo estadísticos para obtener resultados más ajustados a la realidad y de esta manera comprender la dinámica de los espacios urbanos, las formas de ocupación del espacio por parte de la población, así también las dinámicas que generan ciertos elementos y el impacto en su contexto inmediato. Este estudio inicia con el desarrollo del marco teórico que aborda definiciones e investigaciones referentes a las dinámicas que los usos presentan en una ciudad.Posteriormente se analizan los elementos urbanos relevantes del área de estudio, iniciando con la delimitación y sectorización, los equipamientos, la vialidad, el transporte, las características de ocupación y la normativa vigente; mediante estos diagnósticos se llega a identificar como está conformada el área de estudio.Partiendo de estos diagnósticos se procede a realizar el estudio y análisis sistemático de los usos y la ocupación de suelo urbano, mediante la aplicación de herramientas geo estadísticas como el Kriging y MORAN-LISA. Los resultados obtenidos se representan en un corema, con la finalidad de crear un modelo espacial de análisis, apoyado también de un análisis de diversidad.Finalmente estos resultados generan estrategias apoyadas en datos estadísticos.

Média-arte locativa e mapeamentos dinâmicos na compreensão de fluxos urbanos : o contributo do dispositivo móvel na atividade do caminhar como prática artística

O interesse pela análise de espaços urbanos através de dispositivos comunicacionais móveis (de meios digitais) – perspetivando a sua transformação contando com a participação colaborativa da população – traduz o enquadramento geral da investigação. As práticas artísticas, complementadas por métodos de estudo de cidades (capazes de abordarem a respetiva complexidade de modo multioperativo e flexível), foram integradas na pesquisa tendo em linha de conta o acentuado desenvolvimento que as mesmas têm conhecido para a compreensão da atual condição urbana. O resultado foca a hibridização de processos que permitem acrescentar conhecimento coletivo sobre estruturas urbanas, expresso em mapeamentos dinâmicos que promovem leituras aumentadas de realidades urbanas. Assente no enquadramento teórico e respetiva revisão da literatura (abrangendo áreas disciplinares da média-arte locativa, da análise urbana e dos mapeamentos dinâmicos), procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento de dois artefactos complementares, cuja elaboração implicou três fases: i) pré-produção; ii) produção; iii) pós-produção. Na primeira, conceptualizaram-se os artefactos, definindo-se critérios e especificando parâmetros de análise. Complementarmente, consideraram-se softwares a utilizar bem como a seleção de atores urbanos que participaram em experiências associadas à investigação. No que se refere à produção, encetaram-se diversas ações de apropriação e apreensão de espaços urbanos selecionados na Vila de Caminha, recorrendo à técnica do caminhar mediado pela tecnologia. Na terceira fase, a informação resultante foi analisada, comparada e sistematizada através de uma reflexão final. Registaram-se marcas e apropriações na Vila de Caminha, integrando abordagens da média-arte locativa, da morfologia urbana e tecnologias digitais. A partir desta metodologia, a resposta aos objetivos da investigação contribui para a colmatação da lacuna identificada no estado arte, dado demonstrar-se a relevância da convergência operativa entre a apreensão urbana e os fluxos informacionais e comunicacionais para o revelar de vivências espaciais urbanas quotidianas (passadas e presentes) que ocorrem sobre a estrutura física das cidades. Em síntese, as práticas artísticas, provindas da média-arte locativa, expressam – em mapeamentos dinâmicos e através de realidade aumentada – o devir coletivo de experiências individuais nos espaços das cidades, acrescentando histórias à sua memória e história urbana.

Design of evacuation plans for densely urbanised city centres

The high population density and tightly packed nature of some city centres make emergency planning for these urban spaces especially important, given the potential for human loss in case of disaster. Historic and recent events have made emergency service planners particularly conscious of the need for preparing evacuation plans in advance. This paper discusses a methodological approach for assisting decision-makers in designing urban evacuation plans. The approach aims at quickly and safely moving the population away from the danger zone into shelters. The plans include determining the number and location of rescue facilities, as well as the paths that people should take from their building to their assigned shelter in case of an occurrence requiring evacuation. The approach is thus of the location–allocation–routing type, through the existing streets network, and takes into account the trade-offs among different aspects of evacuation actions that inevitably come up during the planning stage. All the steps of the procedure are discussed and systematised, along with computational and practical implementation issues, in the context of a case study – the design of evacuation plans for the historical centre of an old European city.

Ventilação e prescrições urbanísticas: uma aplicação simulada no bairro de Petrópolis em Natal/RN

The present work studies the natural ventilation and its relationship with the urban standards, which establishes the form of occupation and use of the land in our cities. The method simulates the application of the urban standards of the City Master Plan over the last three years. The simulation takes place in the District of Petrópolis, in the city of Natal , Brazil and analyses the effects of the standards of natural ventilation. The formulated hypothesis states that the reductions in the urban spaces between buildings rises up the vertical profile of ventilation, reducing, therefore, the velocity of the wind at the lower levels of the buildings. To develop the study, occupation models were built, using computerized, three-dimensional models. These occupation models were analyzed using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code. The conclusion is that the more we reduce the urban space between buildings, the more we reduce the wind speed in constructed areas, increasing, therefore, the possibility to generate heat islands

A produção do mobiliário urbano nos espaços públicos :o desenho do mobiliário urbano nos projetos de reordenamento das orlas do Rio Grande do Norte

This work aims to analyze and evaluate the Urban furniture designed to public areas according to the Revitalization planning for Rio Grande do Norte coastland, defining visual relations among urban elements in the landscape of revitalized public urban areas with cultural, paisagistic and touristic values and the design process used for developing urban furniture to those areas, observing the incoming consequences use to that process in a specific urban context which alters use, functions, cultural images as well as social values attributed to each particular place. Environmental perceptions, legibility of local cultural references and their representation through the design of urban elements, act in a positive or negative manner over the inhabitants cognition process of some particular revitalized area, determining new use and attributions to those areas. Designs for coastal urban interventions try excessively to standardize technical media, construction materials and planning configurations, creating artificial sceneries that segregates users, imposing new structures and usage, generating, consequently, the so called non-places and burlesque regionalism. The research is divided into 4 chapters: 1) Theoretical support (Industrial design; Urban furniture; Public urban spaces; Urban image and environmental perception; Urban occupation and interventions in coastland areas); 2) Methodological procedures and data collection; 3) Analysis of Rio Grande do Norte coastal areas and their urban interventions; 4) Final considerations and Industrial Design contributions to the subject

Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie à Montréal

Ce mémoire explore les dynamiques propres à la mise en place de politiques de revitalisation dans un quartier urbain montréalais. La revitalisation, accompagnée de nombreux autres « processus » connexes, comme la participation citoyenne et la concertation, participe à une tentative de gouvernement des espaces urbains à travers ce que j’ai appelé ici le dispositif de revitalisation. Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie est le résultat de la mise en place d’une série de pratiques gouvernementales ainsi que de mutations dans la façon de gérer les affaires publiques propres au Québec, et plus particulièrement, à la grande région de Montréal. L’analyse se centre ici sur l’évolution de différentes tendances tant au niveau associatif, communautaire que privé et institutionnel afin de cerner les dynamiques propres au fonctionnement actuel du dispositif dans le quartier de Sainte-Marie, situé dans l’arrondissement Ville-Marie. La formation de ce dispositif est une partie d’un phénomène plus large de transformation des espaces urbains par différentes interventions gouvernementales et privées, à l’ère du néolibéralisme contemporain. Le dispositif est ancré dans tout un florilège d’idées et de pratiques qui doivent être justifiées par le recours à un nouveau vocabulaire et à des concepts qui demeurent volontairement flous et mal définis afin d’en arriver, pour les acteurs concernés, à conserver une liberté d’action nécessaire et d’en restreindre l’accès.

Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie à Montréal

Ce mémoire explore les dynamiques propres à la mise en place de politiques de revitalisation dans un quartier urbain montréalais. La revitalisation, accompagnée de nombreux autres « processus » connexes, comme la participation citoyenne et la concertation, participe à une tentative de gouvernement des espaces urbains à travers ce que j’ai appelé ici le dispositif de revitalisation. Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie est le résultat de la mise en place d’une série de pratiques gouvernementales ainsi que de mutations dans la façon de gérer les affaires publiques propres au Québec, et plus particulièrement, à la grande région de Montréal. L’analyse se centre ici sur l’évolution de différentes tendances tant au niveau associatif, communautaire que privé et institutionnel afin de cerner les dynamiques propres au fonctionnement actuel du dispositif dans le quartier de Sainte-Marie, situé dans l’arrondissement Ville-Marie. La formation de ce dispositif est une partie d’un phénomène plus large de transformation des espaces urbains par différentes interventions gouvernementales et privées, à l’ère du néolibéralisme contemporain. Le dispositif est ancré dans tout un florilège d’idées et de pratiques qui doivent être justifiées par le recours à un nouveau vocabulaire et à des concepts qui demeurent volontairement flous et mal définis afin d’en arriver, pour les acteurs concernés, à conserver une liberté d’action nécessaire et d’en restreindre l’accès.

From Landscape to Garden-with Wildflowers Meadows

Since the middle age wildflower meadows are used to bring the flowers from the natural and rural areas into urban landscapes. Wildflowers meadows can improve the quality of Green Infrastructures as they increase biodiversity. However, after a few centuries of given flowers a principal part, lawns started to be used in every kind of places leading to a green obsession. Nowadays, urban lawns are cover more than 70% of urban green spaces all over the world. Frequently design options aren’t environmental or economical friendly, and lawns are this example. Lawns are green deserts with low biodiversity, and unsustainable. Wildflower meadows are an alternative to lawns, more sustainable, less resources consumer and much more biodiverse. In the regions with a Mediterranean climate water is a limit factor, especial in summer.

La transformación del tejido urbano en el mercado de Andújar

The commercial activity is and has been fundamental for the development of the society and our cities. We cannot forget that the medieval city was a market in itself. These urban spaces, as well as the new spaces generated after the different sales of Church lands, have been transforming continuously both from the point of view of urban development and social. In these spaces took place leisure activities as well as the exchanges and sales of products. Later, markets were transformed into covered spaces as we know today. Nowadays they are reflection objects. This abstract tries to make known the interesting and avant-garde Andujar Market, Pedro Rivas Ruiz`s architect work. It was built in 1949 and was inspired in Eduardo Torroja`s work with reinforced concrete. Its urban context`s relation explain this studio since the market was built on the place of the convent of San Francisco. This research is part of the result of the development of my thesis.

Found lost and alive cities in virtual exhibitions. Arab World and Europe (1815-1918) a bridge to a cultural and architectural dialogue

Our proposal is to go around the thematic virtual exhibitions that we have prepares to Museums With No Frontiers - Cities and Urban Spaces 1815–1918, visibly embodied in alterations to the urban plans, views and architecture. – see: http://www.sharinghistory.org/

The Legacy of Frankenstein’s Creature: Monstrosity and Female Grotesque in Mary Shelley, Angela Carter and Jeanette Winterson

This English Literature thesis (European PhD EDGES – Women’s and Gender Studies – 34th cycle) is an investigation into the representation of the monstrous body according to the British writers Mary Shelley, Angela Carter and Jeanette Winterson. The main objective is to observe how the representation of the categories of monstrous, abject and grotesque in Western cultural imagination have been influenced across time and literary genres. In the novels of Shelley, Carter and Winterson, the monstrous subject is configured as an alternative to the anthropocentric ideal embodied by the normative subject, of which Victor Frankenstein is the paradigmatic exponent. Plus, there are places considered anti-topoi within which the monster acquires a situatedness and claims a voice, generating an opposed counter-narrative to the imaginary conveyed by the normative subject. Monstrosity outlined by Shelley in the novels Frankenstein and The Last Man constitutes the starting point of my research, aiming to observe how the discourse of the normative body vs. the anti-normative body intersects with the discourse of the spaces of the centre vs. the spaces of the margin. In Carter's novels The Passion of New Eve and Nights at the Circus, the monstrous female constitutes the embodiment of wills, desires and claims challenging the heteronormative system. The space of otherness in which Carter's monster-woman is confined becomes a possibility of reshaping identity for the Subject, deconstructing the logic of power that moulded her within society. Finally, Winterson creates two monstrous women in Sexing the Cherry and The Passion who move through urban spaces, going from the centre to the margins and testifying to the arbitrariness of the system and its weaknesses. Similarly, in Frankissstein, Winterson recovers Shelley's original novel and transforms it into a parodic and intertextual speculation on the fluidity of identity and the limits of transhumanism.

Rethinking the block. The 1970s European discourses on the city and the IBA Berlin 1979-87

The dissertation explores the relationship between projects for urban blocks and the discourses on the city between the late 1960s and the 1980s, with a particular focus on the blocks of the Internationale Bauausstellung (IBA) Berlin 1979-87. The main research questions center on whether and how the block changed in connection with the emerging ideas of the city during this period and whether these changes had, in turn, effects on the whole city. Thus far, despite extensive research on the theories and the ideas of the city between the 1960s and 1980s, there is a lack of studies that interweave this research with insights into the block. To fill this gap, this dissertation examines how the block was thematized in the 1970s discourses on the city. It highlights projects for blocks designed between the late 1960s and the 70s in various European cities, particularly West Berlin. Then, it focuses on the blocks of the IBA Berlin 1979-87, examining them through theory, history, and drawings. The study of the examples reveals three distinctive aspects of all blocks considered in the dissertation: the overcoming of small private plots, the individualization of the buildings, and the accessibility of the courtyards from public streets. These aspects reflect the changing understandings of the city and of the urban spaces in the 1970s and 1980s, which resulted in new compositional logics of the block. When examined with critical distance, the blocks of the 1970s and 80s offer a lesson in architectural and urban composition which is still current. - The author has made every effort to contact the owners of the copyrights of the material in the dissertation. The author is available to the right holders with whom it was not possible to communicate as well as for any omissions or inaccuracies in quoting the sources.

A diagram of public spaces within urban landscape as a strategy for sustainable urban planning in Chinese cities

Destruction of historical urban fabric in many Chinese cities and towns, without the possibility of its recovery as an urban asset, leads us to consider alternative strategies and criteria for formulating new urban projects, using creative urban planning instruments and strategies to provide a sense of place and identity to the urban landscape. The challenge is to set up an urban structure that constitutes a spatial reference system, a structure consisting of a set of urban landmarks that construct a system of related public spaces, endowed with collective significance and identity. Such a network could include a wide variety of urban typologies and natural elements. An important result of this strategy would be the recovery of the social and cultural values attached to the natural landscape in Chinese civilization. Hangzhou city will be analyzed as a case study