Smart News, Issue 7, Fall, 2001

Newsletter for Economic Development

Smart News, Issue 8, Spring 2002

Newsletter for Economic Development

Smart News, Issue 9, 2003

Newsletter for Economic Development.

SMART News, Summer 2006

News from the Iowa Careers Consortium

Assinatura Digital Foco Smart Card

A assinatura digital é um processo de assinatura electrónica baseado no sistema criptográfico assimétrico composto por um algoritmo ou série de algoritmos, mediante o qual é gerado um par de chaves assimétricas exclusivas e complementares. Tal como a assinatura manuscrita, a assinatura digital não pode ser falsificada, pelo que se adiciona uma função hash ao valor da chave gerada, para garantir a segurança do sistema. A assinatura digital permite, ao mesmo tempo, a identificação positiva do autor de uma mensagem (ou do signatário de um documento) e a verificação da integridade da mesma. Refira-se, porém, que a assinatura digital pode ser anexa a qualquer mensagem, seja esta decifrada ou não, apenas para que o receptor tenha a certeza da identidade do emissor e de que a mensagem chegou intacta ao destino. Baseia-se na criptografia da chave pública, que usa um algoritmo de duas chaves, a privada e a pública, diferentes mas matematicamente associadas: a primeira cria a assinatura digital e decifra os dados; a segunda verifica a assinatura e devolve-a ao formato original. O autor da mensagem mantém secreta a sua chave privada e divulga a chave pública, e vice-versa. A identidade do dono da chave pública é atestada pelo certificado digital emitido por uma entidade certificadora (uma espécie de notário). Independentemente da forma que assume, a assinatura electrónica, e a digital em particular, deve cumprir três funções: a autenticação (tal como acontece com o habitual gatafunho a que chamamos assinatura, apenas o indivíduo deve ser capaz de a reproduzir); não repudiação (quando o indivíduo assina não pode voltar atrás); e integridade (é necessário assegurar que os documentos assinados não são alterados sem o consentimento dos signatários).

The Hippo Transducer YAP1 Transforms Activated Satellite Cells and Is a Potent Effector of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Formation.

The role of the Hippo pathway effector YAP1 in soft tissue sarcomas is poorly defined. Here we report that YAP1 activity is elevated in human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). In mice, sustained YAP1 hyperactivity in activated, but not quiescent, satellite cells induces ERMS with high penetrance and short latency. Via its transcriptional program with TEAD1, YAP1 directly regulates several major hallmarks of ERMS. YAP1-TEAD1 upregulate pro-proliferative and oncogenic genes and maintain the ERMS differentiation block by interfering with MYOD1 and MEF2 pro-differentiation activities. Normalization of YAP1 expression reduces tumor burden in human ERMS xenografts and allows YAP1-driven ERMS to differentiate in situ. Collectively, our results identify YAP1 as a potent ERMS oncogenic driver and a promising target for differentiation therapy.

Una Red de Sensores para las Smart Cities

El objetivo del trabajo fin de Master consiste en el estudio de redes de sensores inalámbricos para las Smart Cities. En particular, se implementa una red inalámbrica (tecnología ZIGBEE como protocolo de comunicación inalámbrica con micrófonos como sensores, para recolectar niveles de ruido. Hemos elegido el Arduino como plataforma de cálculo para controlar cada nodo, y XBee como módulos de comunicación inalámbrico. La red sensorial cuenta con tres nodos sensores que capturan el ruido y lo envían a un nodo receptor, que hace de estación central encargado de monitorizar los niveles de ruido. Dicho coordinador está conectado mediante USB a un PC, donde podemos comprobar las medidas recibidas por el XBee. Finalmente estos datos se muestran en una interfaz gráfica en el computador conectado al coordinador. De esta forma, puede monitorizarse el nivel de ruido de tres lugares diferentes en tiempo real.

Artificial Urinary Sphincter based on smart materials

Objective: There are only a few established artificial urinary sphincters for treatment of incontinence. We have developed a new device composed by three parts: the actuator, three contractile rings and a control unit. The actuator is made of Nitinol fibers, driven by microprocessor. The fibers are linked to the rings placed around the urethra. They function with alternance in their open and closed position. This concept is called piano concept. With this set-up, the constant compression on the urethra is strongly reduced. Methods: Six male sheep have been used for this study. The sphincter was open each hour for a period of 10 min., to guaranty urination. The bladder was filled with water while one cuff was closed and bladder pressure was monitored. The animals were sacrificed. Two biopsies around two cuffs of each explant and all three cuffs from each explant including urethra were analyzed. Urethra not surrounded by a cuff was taken as control. Results: The pressure exerted by the sphincter around the urethra provided continence. Simulated incontinence occurred at a pressure of 1bar measured on the bladder wall using a pressure probe. The closing force of the cuff was approx. 0·7N. No difference in tissue structure and organization of the urethra with and without artificial sphincter was observed. Conclusions: This device has several advantages compared to other urinary sphincters. It is easy to implant, has no hydraulic nature and reduces ischemic injury of the urethra by the alternance of urethral part compressed. Proof of concept in vivo has been demonstrated. Other studies are planned to determine long-term outcome.

Iowa Smart Planning Task Force Report

In the 2010 legislative session, the General Assembly passed and the Governor signed into law Senate File 2389 (SF 2389), which provided guidance for Smart Planning in Iowa and established the Iowa Smart Planning Task Force. This Task Force was charged with recommending policies and strategies for creating a stronger planning culture in Iowa, producing more resilient and sustainable communities. The Task Force, along with its two committees and four workgroups, met throughout the summer and fall of 2010 to identify and review best practices, consult local and national experts, and craft recommendations in the best interest of Iowans. A public input process was also implemented, resulting in improved recommendations.

A reusable smart interface for gas sensor resistance measurement

The advances of the semiconductor industry enable microelectromechanical systems sensors, signal conditioning logic and network access to be integrated into a smart sensor node. In this framework, a mixed-mode interface circuit for monolithically integrated gas sensor arrays was developed with high-level design techniques. This interface system includes analog electronics for inspection of up to four sensor arrays and digital logic for smart control and data communication. Although different design methodologies were used in the conception of the complete circuit, high-level synthesis tools and methodologies were crucial in speeding up the whole design cycle, enhancing reusability for future applications and producing a flexible and robust component.

Application of a floating well concept to a latch-up-free, low-cost, smart power high-side switch technology

The aim of this brief is to present an original design methodology that permits implementing latch-up-free smart power circuits on a very simple, cost-effective technology. The basic concept used for this purpose is letting float the wells of the MOS transistors most susceptible to initiate latch-up.

Smart Planning in Iowa - A Guide to Principles, Strategies and Policy Tools

This guide was created to aid communities in the process of smart planning and is organized around the 10 Smart Planning Principles signed into Iowa law in 2010. A general description of the concept, strategies for encouraging use, policy tools for implementation, and a current Iowa example are presented for each Principle. In addition, a brief list of resources is provided to help local governments, community organizations and citizen planners find information and ideas on community involvement and incorporation of smart planning concepts in every day decisions.

Smart instrumentation for determination of ligament stiffness and ligament balance in total knee arthroplasty.

Ligament balance is an important and subjective task performed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedure. For this reason, it is desirable to develop instruments to quantitatively assess the soft-tissue balance since excessive imbalance can accelerate prosthesis wear and lead to early surgical revision. The instrumented distractor proposed in this study can assist surgeons on performing ligament balance by measuring the distraction gap and applied load. Also the device allows the determination of the ligament stiffness which can contribute a better understanding of the intrinsic mechanical behavior of the knee joint. Instrumentation of the device involved the use of hall-sensors for measuring the distractor displacement and strain gauges to transduce the force. The sensors were calibrated and tested to demonstrate their suitability for surgical use. Results show the distraction gap can be measured reliably with 0.1mm accuracy and the distractive loads could be assessed with an accuracy in the range of 4N. These characteristics are consistent with those have been proposed, in this work, for a device that could assist on performing ligament balance while permitting surgeons evaluation based on his experience. Preliminary results from in vitro tests were in accordance with expected stiffness values for medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL).