Estadística electoral

Estamos en tiempo electoral (y en nuestro país casi todos lo son). El pistoletazo mediático de salida se dio en las elecciones de Cataluña, donde desde tiempo atrás todos los sondeos daban por ganador al PSC, tanto por votos como por escaños. Incluso seguían así los sondeos de las emisoras de radio y TV de las ocho de la tarde, después de votar. Pero lo cierto es que, una vez escrutados todos los votos, quien ganó en escaños fue CiU.

Las matemáticas en el proyecto de reforma de la comunidad valenciana

La propuesta de reforma del sistema educativo ha proporcionado la oportunidad de: plantear a fondo cómo debe ser la enseñanza no universitaria, constituir y formar equipos técnicos, elaborar nuevas propuestas teóricas, elaborar materiales acordes a las nuevas propuestas didácticas, plantear la formación de profesorado como necesidad acuciante (inicial y permanente).

Experiencia sobre la reforma de las enseñanzas medias en el CEI de Málaga

El C.E.I de Málaga se adhiere a la experimentación sobre la reforma de las enseñanza medias en el curso 84-85, cuando se inicia en la comunidad Andaluza y por tanto una año después que en territorio dependiente del M.E.C y otras comunidades autónomas, con competencias por lo que contábamos de partida con las programaciones propuestas por ellos, al menos como documento sobre el que empezar a discutir.

Equalising opportunities for women in electoral politics in Ireland: The Views of Women Members of Parliament

This paper examines the attitudes of women political elites in Ireland toward positive action initiatives that would assist in increasing women's legislative presence. An earlier study isolated family responsibilities and lack of finance as significant barriers for Irish women wishing to enter, and stay in, political life. In addition, scholarly and policy debates on boosting women's parliamentary representation focus on manipulating electoral or party selection rules along with strategies for making a political career more compatible with women's socially determined responsibilities. This paper examines how Irish women politicians respond to various suggestions for positive action in these three arenas: combining legislative and family responsibilities, funding a political campaign and getting elected. The paper highlights the broad consensus among women politicians, irrespective of party, self-interest, or length of service, favoring certain positive action initiatives, as well as their reluctance to support other options. It also illustrates the complexity of implementing some of these reforms. In addition, the paper emphasizes how cultural expectations and values act to inhibit women's political agency.

Peacebuilding and Consociational Electoral Engineering in Bosnia-Herzegovina'

What role do elections play in societies emerging from communal war and what type of institutions can serve as catalysts in deepening peace and compromise? While some analysts argue that ethnicity should be recognized through 'consociational' institutions, others maintain that 'integrative' devices - in particular, carefully crafted electoral rules - can limit or even break down the salience of ethnicity and increase the possibility for inter-ethnic accommodation. This article examines the post-war electoral experience of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), arguing that elections had a problematic, unintended impact on peacebuilding. First, timid integrative electoral devices were adopted in a consociational system that reifies ethnic division and complicates compromise; second, peacebuilding agencies needlessly manufactured electoral rules that backfired; third, group-based features of the BiH political system run counter to individual human rights. The article ends with suggestions for improving the electoral framework.

The impact of the summer 2007 forest fires in Greece: Recent environmental mobilizations, cyber-activism and electoral performance

This report circumambulates around the environmental issue, examining mobilizations in favour of public access to the seafront and protest events against the recent devastating forest fires. By framing this discussion within existing scholarly contributions on related dimensions of the environmental issue (environmental consciousness, grassroots environmental contestation) in Southern Europe in general and Greece in particular, it suggests that the environmental mobilization dynamic in Greece has been infused with a new, global, mobilizing resource that offers new avenues to evaluate the potency of Greek civil society. Finally, the article discusses the results of the 2007 national elections and ponders the chances of political ecology becoming a permanent feature of Greek parliamentary politics.

Deconstructing national leadership: Politicians’ accounts of electoral success and failure in the Irish Lisbon Treaty referenda

The Self Categorization approach to national leadership proposes that leaders rhetorically construct national identity as essentialized and inevitable in order to consensualize and mobilize the population. In contrast, discursive studies have demonstrated how national politicians flexibly construct the nation to manage their own accountability in local interactions, though this in turn has neglected broader leadership processes. The present paper brings both approaches together to examine how and when national politicians construct versions of national identity in order to account for their failure as well as success in mobilizing the electorate. Eight semi-structured conversational style interviews were conducted with a strategic sample of eight leading Irish politicians on the subject of the 2008/2009 Irish Lisbon Treaty referenda. Using a Critical Discourse Psychology approach, the hegemonic repertoire of the ‘settled will’
of the informed and consensualized Irish nation was identified across all interviews. Politicians either endorsed the ‘settled will’ repertoire as evidence of their successful leadership, or rejected the repertoire by denying the rationality or unity of the populace to account for their failure. Our results suggest national identity is only constructed as essentialized and inevitable to the extent that it serves a strategic political purpose.

Electoral Systems, Ethnic Cleavages, and Experience with Democracy

Recent studies show the effects of electoral systems and ethnic cleavages on the number of parties in emerging democracies differ from those effects observed in more established democracies. Building on recent arguments maintaining the quality of democracy improves with experience, we argue the reason for the differences in the findings between established and emerging democracies is that the effects of these variables on the number of parties differ according to a country’s experience with elections. To test this argument, we analyse party system fragmentation in 89 established and emerging democracies and the conditioning effects experience with elections have on the effects of district magnitude, ethnic cleavages, and variables relating to the presidential party system. The results show the effects of institutional and social cleavage variables differ substantially between emerging and established democracies, but these effects begin to approximate those seen in more established democracies with additional experience with elections.

Holding parties responsible at election time: Multi-level, multi-party government and electoral accountability

This paper highlights the crucial role played by party-specific responsibility attributions in performance-based voting. Three models of electoral accountability, which make distinct assumptions regarding citizens' ability to attribute responsibility to distinct governing parties, are tested in the challenging Northern Ireland context - an exemplar case of multi-level multi-party government in which expectations of performance based voting are low. The paper demonstrates the operation of party-attribution based electoral accountability, using data from the 2011 Northern Ireland Assembly Election Study. However, the findings are asymmetric: accountability operates in the Protestant/unionist bloc but not in the Catholic/nationalist bloc. This asymmetry may be explained by the absence of clear ethno-national ideological distinctions between the unionist parties (hence providing political space for performance based accountability to operate) but the continued relevance in the nationalist bloc of ethno-national difference (which limits the scope for performance politics). The implications of the findings for our understanding of the role of party-specific responsibility attribution in performance based models of voting, and for our evaluation of the quality of democracy in post-conflict consociational polities, are discussed. 

Motivação e gestão dos recursos humanos dos institutos médios técnicos de Luanda no quadro da reforma educativa

O nosso trabalho analisa os aspetos de motivação e gestão dos recursos humanos dos Institutos Médios Técnicos de Luanda no quadro da Reforma Educativa Angolana. Com esta temática efetuou-se a discrição dos fatores de motivação, dos procedimentos de gestão das atividades para o êxito na formação, a partir das ações dos recursos humanos. Este trabalho visa investigar as formas de motivação e do processo de gestão dos recursos humanos e também analisar os mecanismos de gestão adotados, para o desenvolvimento da educação em Angola. Temos como questão de partida a análise dos aspetos ligados à forma de motivação e gestão, isto é, saber se os funcionários estão realmente motivados para a realização das tarefas e que fatores da gestão são usados na realização dos objetivo A amostra de 10 diretores permitiu obter uma percentagem representativa, sendo os resultados satisfatórios pelo valor científico, analisados de forma quantitativa e qualitativa das entrevistas com os intervenientes; ### ABSTRACT: Our work examines the aspects of motivation and human resource management of Technical Institutes Mid Luanda as part of educational reform. With this issue we performed the discretion of motivating factors, the procedures for managing the activities for the successes in education, from the actions of human resources. . This study aims to investigate the forms of motivation and the process of human resources management. Also consider management mechanisms adopted for the development of education. We as a starting point the analysis of aspects related to the form of motivation and management, ie, whether the employees are really motivated to perform the tasks and management factors that are used in achieving the goal The sample is 10 officers, yielded representative percentage, and the satisfactory results of scientific value, analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively through interviews with stakeholders.

Cuidar na "Entrada na reforma": uma intervenção conducente à promoção da saúde de indivíduos e de famílias

ENQUADRAMENTO: Ao longo do ciclo vital, os indivíduos e as suas famílias estão em constante desenvolvimento. Os acontecimentos de vida transicionais, pelos fenómenos de mudança e adaptação que envolvem, são em grande parte responsáveis por esse processo e dada a vulnerabilidade em saúde a que os poderá expor; constituem momentos cruciais de intervenção para a Enfermagem (Meleis, 2010). A “entrada na reforma” constitui um desses acontecimentos que, quando não devidamente preparado, poderá pôr em causa o processo de envelhecimento activo (Fonseca, 2004a; Veríssimo, 2008). Estudar os efeitos que esta transição exerce nas vivências dos indivíduos e das suas famílias, ajudará a compreender a forma como esta poderá comprometer o envelhecimento e, simultaneamente, poderá trazer um conhecimento mais profícuo para aquele que deverá ser o cuidar de indivíduos e famílias num período da “entrada na reforma”. OBJECTIVO: Conhecer as vivências percepcionadas pelos indivíduos e suas famílias durante o processo de transição originado pela “entrada na reforma”, de forma a apresentar estratégias e linhas orientadoras de intervenção de Enfermagem, conducentes à promoção do seu estado de saúde. MÉTODO: O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas fases. Uma primeira, de carácter quantitativo, na qual foi aplicado um questionário a 432 indivíduos, que se encontravam aposentados há menos de cinco anos. A selecção da amostra foi conseguida pelo método “bola de neve” e os dados obtidos foram analisados com recurso ao programa SPSS17 e à técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Uma segunda fase, de carácter qualitativo, na qual foram entrevistadas 14 famílias de indivíduos que tinham percepcionado alterações e/ou dificuldades, na primeira fase deste estudo. A análise da informação sustentou-se num referencial teórico de interaccionismo simbólico e numa metodologia de investigação narrativa, contando com o auxílio do Nvivo8. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: As características sócio-demográficas, os motivos da aposentação e as expectativas que detinham relativamente à “entrada na reforma”, interferiram na forma como os indivíduos viveram a transição. Para os protagonistas, as principais alterações e/ou dificuldades percepcionadas na referida vivência foram a adaptação à alteração das rotinas diárias (26,5%), a dificuldade em ocupar o tempo (14,7%) e a diminuição do poder económico (14,0%) e as famílias constituíram a principal fonte de apoio (71,5%), para fazer face às mesmas. As famílias percepcionaram uma idêntica mudança e traduziram-na por uma dualidade de significados que se identificou com percepções de ganho e de perda, para as suas vidas. Os significados reaprender a “estar”, a “sentir” e a “ser”, traduziram o processo de adaptação a que estiveram sujeitos. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DA ENFERMAGEM: Cuidar no período da “entrada na reforma” deverá obedecer a um modelo de intervenção muito próprio que se harmonize, não apenas com a singularidade dos indivíduos e famílias que protagonizam este acontecimento de vida, mas, também, e de forma muito particular, com a especificidade das mudanças que essa vivência transicional lhes possa vir a suscitar.

Despesa e redistribuição na segurança social em Portugal : análise da reforma de 2007

Tese de doutoramento, Ciências Sociais (Sociologia Política), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 2015