1000 resultados para Professores universitarios - Compromisso (Ética)


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This thesis proposes the adoption of a practical and philosophic approach to the discussion about what should be a healthy food, in view of the actual problems concerning this subject (from famine to obesity), which affect food and nutritional security and constitute target of many official policies. In order to handle this task, this work resorts to ethic, pedagogical and anthropological concepts inherent to Immanuel Kant’s philosophy, as valuable contributions to the practice of the professional nutritionist committed to the support and accomplishment of the human right to adequate nutrition (DHAA). Under this assumption, it intends to surpass the prevailing idea inside the social programs and policies favoring the utilitarian argument. It considers rather that a healthy food is also a duty of virtue, according to the Kantian duties to one-self. The liberation of transgenic seeds in Brazil comes up as an example of the violation of the right to food security and affects it negatively, resulting from the conflict between politics and moral faced by the Brazilian government. This paper concludes that DHAA realization requires not only a committed state, but also committed citizens and suggests that Kant’s philosophy should offer important contributions to supporting the practice of the professional nutritionist, awarding him the necessary information about this matter.

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Se presentan los resultados de un estudio sobre la formación universitaria que reciben los profesionales de la información sobre la materia gestión de proyectos, tras el análisis de las titulaciones en Información y Documentación a nivel internacional. Para ello, se han utilizado fuentes y directorios sobre la educación internacional en Library and Information Science y se ha creado una base de datos con 106 registros de asignaturas sobre gestión de proyectos incluidas en las titulaciones en Información y Documentación. Como resultado de este proceso, los parámetros de análisis de la investigación han sido la ubicación geográfica, las instituciones de educación superior, las titulaciones académicas y las propias asignaturas sobre gestión de proyectos. Entre las conclusiones más notables, destaca la obligatoriedad de las asignaturas, la enseñanza de las mismas en modo presencial y el caso de las universidades públicas de Estados Unidos, Alemania y Francia.

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This book’s guideline is a description of the activities developed during the University Extension project entitled "Housing and Environment: building dialogue over the urbanization of the settlement Ilha", located in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. This project was coordinated by professors from the Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR). The initial objectives of the extension project were to investigate ways of intervention on the scenario of poor conditions of housing and urbanization of the settlement Ilha, for their land regularization. The book tells the story of the extension project, showing how the initial goals have changed with time. In addition, this book describes the frustrations and the learning process along the way, from the view of professors and students of UTFPR who actively participated in this project. This book also intends to report the feelings that the villagers attributed to their place of residence; the joys, stumbling and learning by using a participatory methodology from what Paulo Freire says about popular education. Moreover, the book brings the confrontation between the technical and popular vision on the regularization of the area.

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El an?lisis de libros de texto se ha convertido desde hace muchos a?os en un amplio campo de investigaci?n en el cual existen numerosos trabajos, algunos autores preocupados por analizar el contenido (Cabrera, 2011), otros por la ret?rica (Izquierdo, 2005), las ilustraciones (Perales, 2002), los errores presentes en ellos (Qu?lez, 2009). El presente trabajo se realiza en el marco del proyecto de investigaci?n Pr?cticas Experimentales y Textos de Ciencias1 con el prop?sito de dar respuesta a las preguntas ?Cu?les son las concepciones de los textos sobre las pr?cticas experimentales? y ?Qu? tipo de pr?cticas experimentales se consideran en los textos? Y cuyo objetivo central era el de caracterizar las concepciones de los textos sobre las pr?cticas experimentales y sus implicaciones en la ense?anza de las ciencias. En esta l?nea cobra sentido tambi?n la manera en la que los autores de dichos libros hacen uso de la historia y la experimentaci?n para el desarrollo del concepto. Para este trabajo se enfoca espec?ficamente en los LT m?s utilizados por los maestros en formaci?n de la licenciatura en educaci?n b?sica con ?nfasis en ciencias naturales y educaci?n ambiental de la Universidad del Valle en el ?rea de qu?mica. Para lograr dicho prop?sito se utiliz? una metodolog?a de tipo cualitativo ? descriptivo que consisti? en tres fases a saber: Fase 1. Identificaci?n de los libros de texto universitarios de ciencias m?s utilizados, Fase 2. Descripci?n de las tres unidades sem?nticas, Fase 3. Descripci?n del aspecto hist?rico y el uso de la experimentaci?n sobre la reacci?n qu?mica. Para fase 1 se formul? una encuesta para determinar los LT universitarios de qu?mica m?s consultados por los docentes en formaci?n inicial. En la fase 2 fueron analizados los LT de mayor preferencia seg?n la encuesta, teniendo en cuenta su superestructura y macroestructura de acuerdo con Van Dijk (1992), as? como, la inclusi?n de la historia y la experimentaci?n en el cap?tulo correspondiente a las reacciones qu?micas teniendo en cuenta el modelo de las tablas de eventos utilizado por Garc?a (2011). Arrojando como resultado que la inclusi?n de la historia en estos LT universitarios es de car?cter anecd?tico y que la experimentaci?n juega un papel comprobatorio de las teor?as, constatando que existen diversas formas de presentar el contenido conceptual de la reacci?n qu?mica, observando en la mayor?a de los casos fragmentaci?n de este. Bas?ndose principalmente en actividades pr?cticas, de l?piz y papel que no necesitan de materiales extras para su soluci?n, evaluaci?n de tipo tradicional, ?nfasis en resoluci?n de problemas algor?tmicos, sin profundizar en: el an?lisis, comparaci?n, formulaci?n y comprobaci?n de hip?tesis, y la presentaci?n de una sola visi?n de ciencia de car?cter aproblem?tica y descontextualizada, en ese sentido, una visi?n cientificista donde solo importan los productos de esta actividad. Este trabajo permite reconocer el an?lisis de los LT especialmente los universitarios como un campo de estudio muy importante para los docentes en formaci?n inicial debido: a la gran penetraci?n que estos tienen en el proceso ense?anza ? aprendizaje; la necesidad (para los futuros docentes) de realizar una reflexi?n cr?tica sobre la visi?n de ciencia que se est? aprendiendo y que es principalmente transmitida por los LT.

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This analysis introduces results related to development of teaching experience from two professors of one Federal University who have taken part of one action of continued teacher training. We consider that the interplay among the individual, the language and the world cannot function straightly. It occurs through utterances, defined like real unit discursive communication, and genres of discourse (BAKHTIN, 1979/2011). Along the same line, the relation between the employee and his employment do not occur in a direct manner. This relationship takes place through genres of activity (CLOT, 2008/2010). As well as, a domain of speech genres has given possibility to individual an interaction with several discursive fields, a domain of activity genre allows the professional protruding in difficult situations traced in his employment. We know that the drafting for wield the teaching in the Tertiary Education is recommended by LDBEN (9394/96), which suggests that should be done in postgraduate program. In the mean time, what frequently happens an educational background based in a survey and not in the teaching. Thereby, several times we have observed difficulties in the accomplishment of teaching practice. Considering such aspects, this study seeks to comprehend the manner how the lecturers deal with the difficulties encountered in the classroom and how the years of experience have contributed or not for a domain of activity genre. In this regard, we have propped up in the development approach, introduced by Vigotsky, who asserts that the learning suitably organized results in development (VIGOTSKY, 1984/2007) and still explains the development of individual on the basis of relationship that it has with another, the social (VIGOTSKY, 1996b). For this purpose, were accomplished, by means of a snipped filmed lesson from each teacher, four sessions of self-confrontation (FAÏTA, 1996; CLOT, 2008/2010), two Simple and two Crusade, recorded in a visual format. This material was transcribed in accordance with standards from project NURC-SP (PRETI, 1999). For the analysis, we used three mains theories: of Linguistic, is mobilized the concept of speech genres (BAKHTIN) and all discursive topics (JUBRAN; FÁVERO); from Occupational Psychology, is utilized the activity genres (CLOT); from Psychology Historical-Cultural, is adopted the concept from Zone of Proximal Development and another/social in the development of individual (VIGOTSKY). In compliance with the study achieved, was possible to identify the aspects related to development of teaching experience of Tertiary Education. During the classes and reports of self-confrontation, we identify that both the professors, in the beginning of the career, they got more difficulties to deal with hindrances, and which now, with some years of experience, they get to domain better the difficult situations which they come across. They built up, for example, a greater facility in improvise examples in face of students’ difficulties in the comprehension of concepts. These aspects show that the professors have evolved the higher domain of genre, which allow them getting, in addition to turn the unexpected situation around that spring up in the professional context, as well know how to taking action in similar situation, which they have already run into in another moments. This domain enabled and enables the developing of the lecturers over the course of their professional performance.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2016.

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Na resolução de conflitos, no incumprimento de normas e nas situações de indisciplina escolar, exigem-se mediadores e programas de mediação. Na implementação destes programas é essencial formar mediadores para intervirem em contexto socioeducativo com alunos, professores e família, sendo exigido a esses profissionais uma ética profissional mediadora. A necessidade de educar os alunos para integrarem as equipes de mediação implica a promoção de valores de convivência e uma ética do cuidado com os outros. A ética do cuidado e do encontro permite mais possibilidades de convívio e novas formas de existência humana. Procuramos interpretar os pontos de vista de alguns autores sobre a mediação (modelos e programas), destacando a educação para a tolerância, solidariedade, responsabilidade e cidadania, que são exigências da escola no âmbito da educação para os valores. A mediação contribui para resolver conflitos, melhorar a comunicação, as relações e a convivência.

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Um dos mais importantes objetivos do Processo de Bolonha em Portugal foi garantir a qualidade da formação dos cidadãos. Mas este compromisso de qualidade só se tornará evidente caso se garanta uma formação de professores que atenda de forma adequada a esta exigência. A reestruturação da formação inicial de professores no âmbito das reformas implementadas pelo Processo de Bolonha, em Portugal culminou com a publicação do Decreto-Lei nº43/2007, que promove relevantes transformações relativamente aos modelos anteriores. Nomeadamente a estipulação da habilitação profissional, conferida agora pelo grau de Mestre, como condição indispensável para o exercício da docência, seja em que nível ou área de ensino for. Ou seja, o mestrado profissionalizante deixou de ser considerado como uma formação pós-graduada para passar a fazer parte integrante da formação inicial de professores. Neste texto, apresentamos uma reflexão sobre marcos contextuais e legislativos da história da formação de professores em Portugal, fazendo uma apreciação das alterações introduzidas pelo Processo de Bolonha.

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The purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory factorial analysis of Problems in School, a teachers' motivational styles evaluation instrument, constructed by Deci et al. The original instrument is in a Likert-scale format with the underlying assumption of the existence of a continuum of four different styles contributing to promote students' autonomy. Translated into portuguese, the instrument was applied to 582 elementary and junior high school teachers from several regions of Brazil. Factorial analyses revealed a solution with four orthogonal distinct factors, the authors' initial supposition (existence of a continuum) was not confirmed. In fact, only two opposite styles (both high promotion of autonomy and of control) corresponded to the Deci et al. original ideas. Problems regarding the validity of the other remaining styles emerged. Data was discussed and a revised version of the scale was developed. Directions for further research were also suggested.

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This article deals with the theme of teacher training from the historical and theoretical perspectives. In the first part, the historical focus is introduced and the trajectory of teacher training in Brazil is examined, dividing it into six periods beginning with the passing of the Law of Schools of First Letters in 1827 and closing with the promulgation of the new law for national education in 1996. The second part deals with theoretical aspects, considering the two basic models of teacher training, their implications for the training of teachers of primary and pre-school education, the dilemma resulting from the contraposition between the two models and the way for overcoming it and concluding with observations on the training of teachers for special education.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física