De anno Hebraeorum Jubilaeo : commentatio in certamine literario civium Academiae Georgiae Augustae die IV. Junii MDCCCXXXVII : ex decreto Venerabilis Theologorum Ordinis praemio regio ornata /

Mode of access: Internet.

Commentatio in qua doctrina stoicorum ethica cum christiana comparatur : in certamine litterario civium Academiae Georgiae Augustae die. iv. Iunii mdcccxxii praemio regis munificentia constituto ex sententia venerabilis theologorum ordinis ornata /

Mode of access: Internet.

Musa teutonica, das ist: Teutscher poetischer miscellaneen.

1. Epigrammata Oden, Sonnette, Elegien, Epithaphia, Lob-, Trawr- und Klaggedichte, etc.

Veteris Mediae et Persiae monumenta; commentatio historico-philologica ab amplissimo Gottingensi philosophorum ordine praemio ornata ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Veteris arcis Strigoniensis, monumentorum ibidem erutorum, aliarumque antiquitatum lythographicis tabulis ornata descriptio /

Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-90)

Poesías selectas castellanas; segunda parte. Musa épica; ó coleccion de los trozos mejores de nuestros poemas heroicos.

Mode of access: Internet.

Sancti Bernardini Senensis Ordinis Seraphici Minorum Opera omnia : synopsibus ornata, postillis illustrata /

Mode of access: Internet.

Musa latina aberdonensis.

Appended to v. 1, Fifth report by council of the New Spalding Club, 1891; to v. 2, Eighth report, 1894; to v. 3, Twenty-third report, 1909.

Teatro classico italiano antico e moderno, overro, Il parnasso teatrale : con illustrazioni, biografiche, istoriche e critiche. Edizione giusta i testi i più accreditati. Ornata di venti quattro ritratti.

Mode of access: Internet.

Musa pedestris. Three centuries of canting songs and slang rhymes

Mode of access: Internet.

A simplified PCR test for early detection of dwarf off-types in micropropagated Cavendish bananas (Musa spp. AAA)

The dwarf somaclonal variant is a major problem affecting micropropagation of the banana cultivar Williams (Musa spp. AAA; subgroup Cavendish). This problem arises from genetic changes that occur during the tissue culture process. Early identification of this problem is difficult and propagators must wait until plants are ex vitro in order to visualise the dwarfism phenotype. In this study, we have improved a SCAR-based molecular diagnostic technique, developed by Damasco et al. [Acta Hortic. 461 (1997) 157], for the early identification of dwarf off-types. We have included a positive internal control in a multiplex PCR and adapted the technique for use with small amounts of fresh in vitro leaf material as PCR template. The control product is a 500 bp fragment from 18S rRNA and is amplified in all tissues irrespective of phenotype. The use of small in vitro leaf material removing the need for genomic DNA extraction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Banana agronomy – can unravelling the Musa genome help?

Unravelling the Musa genome allows genes and alleles linked to desired traits to be identified. Short stature and early flowering are desirable agronomic features of banana, as they are of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). In wheat they were achieved through knowledge of the physiology and genetics of vernalization and photoperiod during development. Bananas and plantains have a facultative long-day response to photoperiod, as do wheat and wall cress (Arabidopsis thaliana). Using keyword searches of the genome of Musa acuminata 'Pahang' we found homologues of the genes of either T. aestivum or Arabidopsis that govern responses to vernalization and photoperiod. This knowledge needs to be interpreted in the context of plant development. Bananas have juvenile, mid-vegetative and reproductive phases of development. Leaf and bunch 'clocks' operate concurrently throughout the juvenile and mid-vegetative phases. In the mid-vegetative phase the plant becomes sensitive to photoperiod. Increased sensitivity to photoperiod reduces the overall pace of the bunch clock without affecting the leaf clock. Separation of the clocks changes the link between leaf number and time of flowering. The 'critical' quantitative trait for the time of flowering is the pace of the bunch clock up to bunch initiation. For bunch size it is the duration of the subsequent phase of female hand formation. Plants with either a short juvenile phase or a faster bunch clock in the mid-vegetative phase will produce fewer leaves and bunch early. In turn, independent manipulation of hand number per bunch and/or fruit per hand will provide manageable bunches with appropriate fruit size. Using published data we explore relationships between plant height, leaf number, bunch weight and hand number among bananas and plantains. Identifying and then manipulating the appropriate genes in Musa opens opportunities for earlier flowering, leading to plants with desirable agronomic qualities.

Musa spp. banana and plantain

This chapter discusses the botany and history, importance, breeding and genetics, molecular genetics, micropropagation (to control viruses), somatic cell genetics, genetic manipulation and cryopreservation of banana and plantain.