First dice your dill – new methods and techniques in sample handling

This book is dedicated to celebrate the 60th birthday of Professor Rainer Huopalahti. Professor Rainer “Repe” Huopalahti has had, and in fact is still enjoying a distinguished career in the analysis of food and food related flavor compounds. One will find it hard to make any progress in this particular field without a valid and innovative sample handling technique and this is a field in which Professor Huopalahti has made great contributions. The title and the front cover of this book honors Professor Huopahti’s early steps in science. His PhD thesis which was published on 1985 is entitled “Composition and content of aroma compounds in the dill herb, Anethum graveolens L., affected by different factors”. At that time, the thesis introduced new technology being applied to sample handling and analysis of flavoring compounds of dill. Sample handling is an essential task that in just about every analysis. If one is working with minor compounds in a sample or trying to detect trace levels of the analytes, one of the aims of sample handling may be to increase the sensitivity of the analytical method. On the other hand, if one is working with a challenging matrix such as the kind found in biological samples, one of the aims is to increase the selectivity. However, quite often the aim is to increase both the selectivity and the sensitivity. This book provides good and representative examples about the necessity of valid sample handling and the role of the sample handling in the analytical method. The contributors of the book are leading Finnish scientists on the field of organic instrumental analytical chemistry. Some of them are also Repe’ s personal friends and former students from the University of Turku, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry. Importantly, the authors all know Repe in one way or another and are well aware of his achievements on the field of analytical chemistry. The editorial team had a great time during the planning phase and during the “hard work editorial phase” of the book. For example, we came up with many ideas on how to publish the book. After many long discussions, we decided to have a limited edition as an “old school hard cover book” – and to acknowledge more modern ways of disseminating knowledge by publishing an internet version of the book on the webpages of the University of Turku. Downloading the book from the webpage for personal use is free of charge. We believe and hope that the book will be read with great interest by scientists working in the fascinating field of organic instrumental analytical chemistry. We decided to publish our book in English for two main reasons. First, we believe that in the near future, more and more teaching in Finnish Universities will be delivered in English. To facilitate this process and encourage students to develop good language skills, it was decided to be published the book in English. Secondly, we believe that the book will also interest scientists outside Finland – particularly in the other member states of the European Union. The editorial team thanks all the authors for their willingness to contribute to this book – and to adhere to the very strict schedule. We also want to thank the various individuals and enterprises who financially supported the book project. Without that support, it would not have been possible to publish the hardcover book.

Lipomas gigantes

The authors report two cases of giants lipomas in the gluteal region with 3,9 and 3,1 kg. They make a brief epidemiological presentation and consider diagnosis and treatment. They believe that CT scan is the best image method, as it provides more information about size and relationship with surrounding structures. They are against biopsies and lipoaspiration but stand up for the total exeresis as the best option of treatment.

Tuotantostrateginen Make or buy -päätöksenteko metalliteollisuusalan yrityksessä

Tuotantostrategiaan perustuvien ostaa-valmistaa, eli Make or buy -päätösten merkitys on korostunut yritysten dynaamisen toimintaympäristön myötä. Päätöksissä tehdyt virheet voivat olla kohtalokkaita yrityksen kilpailukyvylle. Diplomityön tavoitteena on luoda Make or buy -päätöksentekoa ohjaava viitekehys yrityksen kansainväliseen käyttöön. Tavoitteeseen sisältyy luodun Make or buy -mallin toimivuuden todentaminen case-tutkimuksella. Make or buy -päätöksenteossa korostuvat talouden, osaamisen ja riskien näkökulmat. Tehtyjä päätöksiä tulee uudelleenarvioida ja tarvittaessa päivittää toimintaympäristön muuttuessa. Päätöksentekomallin tulee siis olla toistuvaa käyttöä ajatellen selkeä ja helppokäyttöinen. Työssä kehitetty kirjallisuusaineistoon perustuva Make or buy –päätöksenteon viitekehys ohjaa yritystä strategisen, taktisen ja operatiivisen tason päätöksissä. Lisäksi malli ohjaa organisaatiota päätöksentekoroolien määrittämisessä. Viitekehys sisältää strukturoidun päätöksentekomallin strategisiin ja taktisiin päätöksiin sekä yksinkertaisen valintamallin operatiivisiin päätöksiin. Operatiivisen tason eriyttämisellä pyritään helpottamaan mallien käyttöä. Työssä rakennetun strukturoidun viitekehyksen toimivuuden testaus esitetään empiirisessä vaiheessa.

Business on demand and its mobile solution - study with SAP ByDesign

Business On-Demand solutions are widely used by SMEs in the world today. When I started working in SAP, SAP had just launched its first version mobile solutions for Business On-Demand solutions. SAP ByDesign mobile solution is great, but I believe we could do something even better on mobile phones. My job is focusing on mobile application development. Therefore, I have lots of thoughts about how we could make the mobile solutions better serve desktop solutions and how to distinguish the mobile solutions. Finally I decide to have a further research into this area. The purpose of this thesis is trying to find out how to improve the mobile solutions for Business On-Demand, find out its benefit and limits, and distinguish SaaS mobile solutions from desktop ones. In order to conduct this research, I had some online literature search to find out the Business On-Demand market and major players in this area. I compare the materials from public internet with the ones that are used internally in SAP. I had some interviews with SAP solution manager and SAP‟s potential customers. I finally made some pro-posals for mobile SaaS solutions which I believe will make the solutions better present and much helpful to the customers.

Social entrepreneurship – Believe in it or not!

The practice of social entrepreneurship already exists for a long time but the concept is quite new and has more recently raised a growing interest among academics. However, the majority of researches and considerations about the subject have taken a strong positive concern by omitting some sort of a critical reflection. The idea of this study is to consider the gap between the very optimistic and the more precautious concerns about social entrepreneurship. It means presenting the advantages and downsides connected to the topic in the business, public and third sector. The aim is to help the reader building his/her own belief on social entrepreneurship by considering the positive and negative sides of social entrepreneurship. Hence, the research is intended to take a critical step and aims to answer to the following research questions:  Shall we believe in social entrepreneurship?  What are the reasons for believing or not in social entrepreneurship taking into account the advantages and possible risks of it in the business, public, and third sector? The theoretical framework consists of the comparison between the promising and precautious sides about social entrepreneurship for private, public and non-governmental organizations including the actors or participants inside these sectors. The empirical part is conducted using a qualitative method. Personal interviews of experts in the fields of business, public and third sectors were handled. The purpose of this approach is to compare the critics in theory with the experience of persons dealing with social entrepreneurship. The results from the interviews revealed that in general, reasons for believing in social entrepreneurship prevail over critics about the subject. Social entrepreneurship may not yet represent a full performing business. Concerns for weakening the public power and putting aside the interests of communities in need may exist too. Furthermore, naïve and extra liberal ways of thinking or doing can lead to practices going in opposition with initial social objectives. Nevertheless, problems about social entrepreneurship would be mainly due to the young age of the movement. Time and experience would give better foundations and results to social entrepreneurs. Critics about social entrepreneurship could also easily be done to any sorts of business. Overall, the positive considerations of social entrepreneurship with skillful, motivated and responsible actors could represent some useful tools for enterprises, governments and charities. Some tools among many other possibilities to help people in need.

Task Force on Librarians’ Competencies in Support of E-Research and Scholarly Communication

Presentation at Open Repositories 2014, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014

Through the looking glass: does our metadata make sense?

Esitys KDK-käytettävyystyöryhmän järjestämässä seminaarissa: Miten käyttäjien toiveet haastavat metatietokäytäntöjämme? / How users' expectations challenge our metadata practices? 30.9.2014.

Tuotannon make or buy– päätöksentekoprosessi kansainvälisessä teknologiayrityksessä Case: Yritys X

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena tutkia millaisia make or buy- työkaluja on olemassa ja millaiset teoriat vaikuttavat make or buy- päätösten taustalla. Tutkimuksessa tutkittiin myös miten nämä ilmiöt ja mallit vaikuttavat ja toteutuvat käytännössä teknologia-alalla

Improving business processes in a globally dispersed make-to-order supply chain. Case study on outbound logistics in a Multinational Corporation

The purpose of this thesis is to find out how outbound logistics process can be improved by reducing unnecessary waste in a globally dispersed make-to-order (MTO) supply chain. The research problem was addressed by a multinational corporation that aims to find a solution for reducing unnecessary waste in their outbound logistics process. The focus is on customized products that are delivered via sea transportation. Theoretical framework for improving outbound logistics processes in globally dispersed MTO supply chain was created based on business process management, Porter’s value chain theory, value stream mapping and current reality tree. The empirical research was conducted by using constructive approach due to its ability to research a practical problem and to improve the existing practices. The data was collected from ten semi-structured interviews and three non-participant observations. By analysing the data and applying the theoretical framework, five types of waste were detected in the process that were seen to derive from six root causes. Practical solution was constructed to reduce the waste in the process by combining the existing literature with the ideas raising from empirical data. The results of this thesis suggest that a MNC with a globally dispersed MTO supply chain can improve its outbound logistics process by applying activities that enhance internal and external integration, collaboration and coordination, and increase predictability of the process. This research has practical relevance both for the case company as well as for other MNCs with globally dispersed MTO supply chains that aim to improve their outbound logistics processes. This research contributes to the BPM and CRA research by providing an evidence for their applicability in the new context.

Make it big or die – Yritysidentiteetin johtaminen startup-yrityksessä

Startup-yritykset ovat olleet esillä viimeaikaisessa tutkimus- ja liiketoimintakirjallisuudessa sekä niiden taloudellisen potentiaalin että uudenlaisen yrityskulttuurinsa vuoksi. Niistä on povattu uudenlaisen 2000-luvun liiketoiminnan luojaa ja niiden yrityskulttuuri on pitkälti vastakohta byrokraattisille ja jäykille yrityskulttuureille. Startup-yrityksen toiminnan tutkiminen voi tarjota mielenkiintoista uutta näkökulmaa siitä, miten uudenlaisella johtamisella ja yrityskulttuurilla luodaan menestyviä yrityksiä. Tämä tutkimus tarkastelee startup-yrityksen toimintaa identiteetin johtamisen kautta. Case-yrityksenä on suomalainen teknologia-alan startup-yritys, jota voidaan pitää menestyneenä, sillä se on viisivuotisen toimintansa aikana kasvanut paljon sekä henkilöstömäärällisesti että liikevaihdollisesti. Tutkimuksen kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tutustutaan yritysidentiteettiin ensin ilmiönä, jonka jälkeen tarkastellaan yritysidentiteetin johtamisen teoriaa. Tutkimuksen päätutkimuskysymys on: Millä keinoilla perustajat johtavat yritysidentiteettiä, ja alatutkimuskysymykset ovat: Mistä osa-alueista yrityksen identiteetti koostuu perustajien näkökulmasta ja Miten startup-kulttuuri näkyy yrityksen identiteetissä. Tutkimuksen aineistonkeruumetodina on teemahaastattelu ja haastateltaviksi valittiin yrityksen perustajat, sillä heillä on varsinkin yrityksen alkuvaiheessa iso vaikutus yrityksen identiteettiin. Aineiston analyysimenetelmä on teemoittelu. Tutkimusaineiston perusteella voidaan todeta, että startup-kulttuurilla on iso vaikutus case-yrityksen perustajien keinoihin johtaa yrityksen identiteettiä. Startup-kulttuuri merkitsee heille ennen kaikkea vastakkainasettelua isojen byrokraattisten yritysten kanssa, ja heidän tavoitteena on luoda yritykselleen sellainen identiteetti, jonka keskiössä on matala hierarkia, avoimuus ja rentous. Haastatteluaineiston perusteella he kokevat yrityksen tärkeimpien identiteetin osa-alueiden olevan yrityskulttuuriin sopivat työntekijät, avoimuus ja viihtyisä toimisto. He johtavat yritysidentiteettiä ennen kaikkea omalla esimerkillään, ja kokevat sen olevan startup-yrityksen perustajan tärkein tehtävä. Perustajat eivät koe arvojen tai vision kirjaamista ylös tärkeänä, sillä he näkevät esimerkillä johtamisen olevan paras keino merkitysten viestimiseen työntekijöille. Kysymykseksi jää, miten perustajien nykyiset johtamiskeinot toimivat yrityksen kasvaessa, sillä henkilöstömäärän kasvaessa omalla esimerkillä johtaminen muuttuu vaikeammaksi

Righteous sounds and reproductive justice : the influence of Ani DiFranco's music for reproductive rights activists

In this thesis, I explore how the folk-rock music of Ani DiFranco has influenced the activist commitments, sensibilities, and activities of reproductive rights activists. My interest in the relation of popular music to social movements is informed by the work of Simon Frith (1987, 1996a, 1996b), Rob Rosenthal (2001), and Ann Savage (2003). Frith argues that popular music is an important contributor to personal identity and the ways that listeners see the world. Savage (2003) writes that fans develop a unique relationship with feminist/political music, and Rosenthal (2001) argues that popular music can be an important factor in building social movements. I use these arguments to ask what the influence of Ani DiFranco's music has been for reproductive rights activists who are her fans. I conducted in-depth interviews with ten reproductive rights activists who are fans of Ani DiFranco's music. All ten are women in their twenties and thirties living in Ontario or New York. Each has been listening to DiFranco's music for between two and fifteen years, and has considered herself a reproductive rights activist for between eighteen months and twenty years. I examine these women's narratives of their relationships with Ani DiFranco's music and their activist experience through the interconnected lenses of identity, consciousness, and practice. Listening to Ani DiFranco's music affects the fluid ways these women understand their identities as women, as feminists, and in solidarity with others. I draw on Freire's (1970) understanding of conscientization to consider the role that Ani's music has played in heightening women's awareness about reproductive rights issues. The feeling of solidarity with other (both real and perceived) activist fans gives them more confidence that they can make a difference in overcoming social injustice. They believe that Ani's music encourages productive anger, which in turn fuels their passion to take action to make change. Women use Ani's music deliberately for energy and encouragement in their continued activism, and find that it continues to resonate with their evolving identities as women, feminists, and activists. My study builds on those of Rosenthal (2001) and Savage (2003) by focusing on one artist and activists in one social movement. The characteristics of Ani DiFranco, her fan base, and the reproductive rights movement allow new understanding of the ways that female fans who are members of a female-dominated feminist movement interact with the music of a popular independent female artist.

From the ground up : understanding how teachers and administrators make sense of tension

Strategies designed to improve educational systems have created tensions in school personnel as they struggle to respond to competing demands of ongoing change within their daily realities. The purpose of this case study was to investigate how teachers and administrators in one elementary school made sense ofthese tensions and to explore the factors that constrained or shaped their responses. A constructive interpretative case study using a grounded theory approach was used. Qualitative data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation. In-depth information about teachers' and administrators' experiences and a contextual understanding oftension was generated from inductive analysis of the data. The study found that tension was a phenomenon situated in the context in which it arose. A contextual understanding of tension revealed the interactions between the institutional, personal, and emotional domains that continually shaped individual and group behavioural responses. This contextual understanding of tension provided the means to reinterpret resistance to change. It also helped to show how teachers and administrators reconstructed identities and made sense in context.. Of particular note was the crucial nature of the conditions under which teachers and adlninistrators shaped meaning and understood change. This study sheds light on the contextual intricacies of tension that may help leaders with the complex design and implementation of educational change..

An exploration of female administrators' perceptions of their role: do the differences make a difference?

Recent Ontario legislation by the Ministry of Education has targeted a goal of 50 percent as the minimum objective for representation by women in positions of responsibility by the year 2000. As a result,those few women currently in the field of Educational Administration have become a focus for researchers. The intent of this research is to contribute to the current knowledge and understanding of women principals in the leadership role. In-depth interviews with four experienced female principals were conducted centering on their perceptions and experiences on a wide range of issues that included: gender characteristics and impact on role, perceived differences as a result of gender characteristics, decision making, curriculum leadership, communication, the perception of others, and the advantages and disadvantages of being a woman in the role. Narrative profiles were constructed for each participant and analyzed. A description for each woman emerged by an analysis of common patterns and themes in the participants' narratives. Results revealed that the participants were able to identify and to describe particular gender traits that they perceived had impact on their role. Moreover the participants regarded their gender characteristics as facilitating and enhancing the performance of their role. Common patterns for all the participants emerged from the data that conveyed a strong feminine imagery of mother and espoused the idea of school as home, and staff and students as family. Leadership ii styles demonstrated an emphasis on collaborative decision making, open communication, and apparent difficulty and ambiguity arising from the role of Curriculum leader. The results of this study also indicate that personal metaphors ascribed and embedded in the narratives are significant in conceptualizing and interpreting the administrative role.