912 resultados para História oral - Estudo de casos


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A história oral, como metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa, traz outras dimensões ao debate historiográfico. Por meio dela o historiador consegue visualizar diversos pontos de vista de um determinado fato histórico. Neste aspecto, cabe ressaltar que sua utilização depende da compreensão de que o diálogo entre pesquisador e entrevistado apresenta especificidades. Utilizar-se da história oral requer a compreensão de que a pesquisa somente é possível mediante a vontade do pesquisador, o qual delimita seu tema e seus personagens, expondo muito de si em seu trabalho. Além disso, deve-se notar que nenhum personagem irá narrar sua história sem calcular o que esta narrativa poderá trazer de consequências para si, sejam elas negativas sejam positivas. Assim, buscar o depoimento implica em saber que se está adentrando em questões de natureza privada, as quais são ainda mais delicadas quando os personagens em questão estão vivos e dispostos a avaliar o que seu depoimento pode causar em sociedade.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Este artigo resultou de trabalhos realizados no âmbito do projeto integrado de pesquisa A história da didática em instituições de formação de professores no Brasil (1827-2011) , o qual se desenvolve junto a um programa de pesquisa com o mesmo título e objetivos gerais, a saber: identificar, reunir, selecionar, sistematizar, analisar e interpretar aspectos da didática, como disciplina e campo de conhecimento em instituições de formação de professores no Brasil, entre 1827 e 2011. Trata-se de investigações inseridas no campo de investigação conhecido como história das disciplinas escolares, cujo quadro teórico-metodológico é constituído, sobretudo, segundo as formulações de Ivor Goodson e André Chervel. Para esses pesquisadores, a constituição dos saberes escolares específicos de cada disciplina, do currículo, é resultado de um complexo processo envolvendo conflitos, mediações diferentes por diversos sujeitos e instituições, diante dos papéis que, em cada época e sociedade, são atribuídos à escola. Nesse sentido, estudar a história das disciplinas, considerando o saber professoral que as embalou em cada instituição de formação de professores no Brasil, significa dar margem a aspectos de um conjunto heterogêneo de vozes e saberes que contribui para a compreensão do campo de conhecimento sobre a história da formação de professores no Brasil. Daí nossas opções metodológicas pautadas na história oral. Assim, neste artigo, nosso objetivo central é apresentar alguns apontamentos acerca das contribuições da história oral para a pesquisa em história das disciplinas escolares.

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The Auditory Evoked Middle Latency Response is one of the most promising objective tests in audiology and in revealing brain dysfunction and neuro-audiologic findings. The main advantages of its clinical use are precision and objectivity in evaluating children. This study aimed to analyze the auditory evoked middle latency response in two patients with auditory processing disorder and relate objective and behavioral measures. This case study was conducted in 2 patients (P1 = 12 years, female, P2 = 17 years old, male), both with the absence of sensory abnormalities, neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Both were submitted to anamnesis, inspection of the external ear canal, hearing test and evaluation of Auditory Evoked Middle latency Response. There was a significant association between behavioral test and objectives results. In the interview, there were complaints about the difficulty in listening in a noisy environment, sound localization, inattention, and phonological changes in writing and speaking, as confirmed by evaluation of auditory processing and Auditory Evoked Middle Latency Response. Changes were observed in the right decoding process hearing in both cases on the behavioral assessment of auditory processing; auditory evoked potential test middle latency shows that the right contralateral via response was deficient, confirming the difficulties of the patients in the assignment of meaning in acoustic information in a competitive sound condition at right, in both cases. In these cases it was shown the association between the results, but there is a need for further studies with larger sample population to confirm the data.

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This work proposes a study on the materials selections and processes for the manufacture of aircraft and showing a methodology to reduce the manufacturing cost. The DFMA can be understood as a methodology that aims at reducing manufacturing and assembly costs and coupled with the increase of product quality through design simplifications. The most commonly material used in the manufacture of aircraft is aluminum alloys due to these possess great structural strength, good elasticity, and being stainless having a low specific weight (about 1/3 that of steel), reducing the weight of the aircraft. A case study in which an operation in the process of verifying the quality was generating unnecessary costs time / man for the company was also developed. The problem solution was simple, just removing the attachment process. It was found that the DFMA methodology is extremely important for the simplification of processes and projects, contributing to the reduction of manufacturing costs of aircraft

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This article aims to reflect on the contribution of oral history in studies involving memory and identity of ethnic groups. Problematic issues here are part of the result of two recently completed researches, which consisted of reconstructing the memory of Afro-Brazilians from the methodology of oral history. These surveys were intended to transpose, into written language, memories transmitted by oral tradition and which was confined to family circles. The first was to investigate the process of identification and transmission of knowledge from a black cultural practice in the countryside of São Paulo (Piracicaba, Capivari, and Tietê), the Batuque of Umbigada, and the second to reconstruct the stories and culture of Afro-Brazilians in the city of Itu, São Paulo.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The starting point of this paper are some avaliable analyses and characterizations about the academic production in History of Mathematics Education in Brazil. A specific reading of such readings – an hermeneutical approach of those avaliable reviews – allows us to put the focus on some features of Oral History thought as a qualitative methodological approach to researches in Mathematics Education.

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The discussion about some features of the general framework which allows the use of Oral History in Mathematics Education is the main theme of this paper. Also the conception about what Oral History is, its theoretical baskgrounds, some of its purposes and the range of its results to Math Education research community are considered, as well the link between such method and the narratives, focusing what narratives are and how narratives can be analysed. A brief description of specific themes and researches developed in such approach, in Brazil, ends this article.

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The main intention of this paper is to present how a Research Group in Mathematics Education – known as GHOEM, “Oral History and Math Education” Research Group – is taking Oral History into account in Mathematics Education researches, sometimes challenging and expanding this specific methodological approach in order to better answer questions in Math Education field. The composition of such group, as frequently occurs in a research community, is dynamic. So, the works taken into consideration in this paper were those written by researchers which were GHOEM members at the time they published their results.