一些双官能团苯基醚化合物的离子/中性复合物中间体质谱碎裂

报道了3种含双官能团苯基醚化合物2－（2，6－二氯苯氧基）丙睛、N－羟基－4－丁氧基苯乙酰胺、2－（1－甲基乙氧基）苯酚甲氨基甲酸酯的电子轰击质谱碎裂．用亚稳分析和低能碰撞诱导解离研究了3种化合物的分子离子碎裂规律，除简单的直接键断裂外，还证实经历了离子／中性（碎片）复合物中间体的单分子解离反应同时存在的竞争机理，解释了观察到的分子内单氢迁移、双氢迁移现象.

Morphology and mechanical properties of PP/HMWPE blends

Mechanical properties and morphology of blends of polypropylene (PP) with high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE) prepared by coprecipitation from xylene solution are investigated. Compared to blends of PP with commercial high-density polyethylene (HDPE), the mechanical properties of the blends of PP/HMWPE are much superior to those of PP/HDPE blends. Not only is the tensile strength stronger, but also the elongation at break is much higher than that of the PP/HDPE blends of the same composition. These differences increase with increasing HMWPE and HDPE content. Scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surface resulting from the tensile tests shows that the compatibility in PP/HMWPE blends is much better than that in PP/HDPE blends. This is most likely attributable to the enhanced chain entanglement of HMWPE with the PP in the amorphous phase due to the lower crystallinity, owing to the high molecular weight of the HMWPE, and a much more flexible chain. The thermal behavior and spherulite morphology of both blends are also investigated.

铁1,10-菲咯啉/MCM-41催化苯酚羟化反应的研究

MCM-41分子筛是最近美国Mobil公司开发出的一种新材料,其孔径范围在2.0～25nm之间,具有较大的Si/Al比和大的比表面积及孔隙率,孔道大小均匀.其对弱极性的环状及芳族化合物具有较大的吸附能力.自这种新型分子筛合成以来,才开始应用于石油炼制及烯烃裂解,歧化的研究.至今还没有关于将MCM-41作为载体,用于负载金属配合物催化剂的报道.本文利用自己合成的MCM-41分子筛作为载体,制成了负载铁的1,10-菲咯啉配合物催化剂(简记FePhen/MCM-41),并将其应用于苯酚的羟化反应,发现其对苯酚的羟化反应具有较好的催化性能.1 实验部分1.1 FePhen/MCM-41的制备将参考文献[3]制得的MCM-41分子筛,取5g放入200mL0.05mol/L的[Fe(Phen)_3]Cl_2乙醇溶液中,室温搅拌24h,抽滤,所得固体用乙醇洗涤3次,以除去MCM-41分子筛表面和孔道内结合不牢的金属配合物.利用原子吸收光谱分析仪,测得负载催化体系中铁元素的含量为0.65%.1.2 MCM-41分子筛及FePhen/MCM-41的表征

STUDIES ON PREPARATION OF IRON, COBALT AND COPPER PHTHALOCYANINES Y ZEOLITE - CHARACTERIZATION AND THEIR CATALYSIS FOR HYDROXYLATION OF PHENOL

Iron, cobalt and copper phthalocyanines/Y zeolite, denoted as FePcY, CoPcY and CuPcY respectively,were prepared. The formation of metal phthalocyanine compounds within the cages of Y zeolite and their crystal structures were determined by elementary analyses, IR, UV-Vis, TG, BET, and XRD methods; The influence of experimental parameters upon phenol conversion and product selectivities was investigated as well.

CRYSTALLIZATION OF POLY(ARYL-ETHER-ETHER-KETONE)S BLENDS

The crystallization and melting behaviour of poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) in blends with another polymer of the same family containing a bulky pendant phenolphthalein group (PEK-C) have been investigated by thermal methods. The small interaction energy density of the polymer pair (B = -8.99 J/cm3), evaluated from equilibrium melting point depression, is consistent with the T(g) data that indicate partial miscibility in the melt. Two conjugated phases are in equilibrium at 430-degrees-C: one is crystallizable and contains about 35 wt% of PEK-C; the other, containing only 15 wt% of PEEK, does not form crystals upon cooling and it interferes with the development of spherulites in the sample. The analysis of kinetic data according to nucleation theories shows that crystallization of PEEK in the explored temperature range takes place in Regime III and that a transition to Regime II might be a consequence of an increase in the amount of non-crystallizable molecules in the PEEK-rich phase. A composition independent value of the end surface free energy of PEEK lamellae has been derived from kinetic data (sigma-e = 40 +/- 4 erg/cm2) in excellent agreement with previous thermodynamic estimates. A new value for the equilibrium melting temperature of PEEK (T(m)-degrees = 639 K) has been obtained; it is about 30-degrees-C lower than the commonly accepted value and it explains better the "memory effect" in the crystallization from the melt of this high performance polymer.

基于离子转移的新型电化学检测——流动注射分析测定抗菌素

用水/固化硝基苯溶液界面离子转移电化学检測——流动注射测定了药物中的四环素和土霉素,两种抗菌素的质子化阳离子在固定电位下转移越过水/硝基苯界面,响应线性范围分别为2～200μmol/L和5～300μmol/L,样品重复测定22次,相对标准偏差小于2％,测定结果与生物法良好吻合。方法准确、简便、快速,每小时可测60个样品。

Identification of an Edwardsiella tarda surface antigen and analysis of its immunoprotective potential as a purified recombinant subunit vaccine and a surface-anchored subunit vaccine expressed by a fish commensal strain

Edwardsiella tarda is the etiological agent of edwardsiellosis, a systematic disease that affects a wide range of marine and freshwater fish cultured worldwide. In order to identify E. tarda antigens with vaccine potential, we in this study conducted a systematic search for E. tarda proteins with secretion capacity. One of the proteins thus identified was Esa1, which contains 795 amino acid residues and shares extensive overall sequence identities with the D15-like surface antigens of several bacterial species. In silico analyses indicated that Esa1 localizes to outer membrane and possesses domain structures that are conserved among bacterial surface antigens. The vaccine potential of purified recombinant Esa1 was examined in a Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) model, which showed that fish vaccinated with Esa1 exhibited a high level of survival and produced specific serum antibodies. Passive immunization of naive fish with antisera raised against Esa1 resulted in significant protection against E. tarda challenge. Taking advantage of the secretion capacity of Esa1 and the natural gut-colonization ability of a fish commensal strain, we constructed an Esa1-expressing recombinant strain, FP3/pJsa1. Western immunoblot and agglutination analyses showed that FP3/pJsa1 produces outer membrane-localized Esa1 and forms aggregates in the presence of anti-Esa1 antibodies. Vaccination analyses showed that FP3/pJsa1 as an intraperitoneal injection vaccine and an oral vaccine embedded in alginate microspheres produced relative percent survival rates of 79% and 52%, respectively, under severe challenging conditions that resulted in 92-96% mortality in control fish. Further analyses showed that following oral vaccination, FP3/pJsa1 was able to colonize in the gut but unable to disseminate into other tissues. Together these results indicate that Esa1 is a protective immunogen and an effective oral vaccine when delivered by FP3/pJsa1 as a surface-anchored antigen. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A nitrogen budget of the Changjiang river catchment

Based on 1997-1998 field investigations in the Changjiang river mouth, rain sampling from the river's upper reaches to the mouth, historical data, and relevant literature, the various sources of Total Nitrogen (TN) and Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) in the Changjiang river catchment and N transport in the Changjiang river mouth were estimated. The export fluxes of various form of were mainly controlled by the river runoff, and the export fluxes of NO3-N, DIN and TN in 1998 (an especially heavy flood year) were 1438 103 tonnes (t) yr(-1) or 795.1 kg km(-2) yr(-1) 1746 10(3) t yr(-1) or 965.4 kg km(-2) yr(-1) and 2849 10(3) t yr(-1) or 1575.3 kg km(-2) yr(-1), respectively. The TN and DIN in the Changjiang river came mainly from precipitation, agricultural nonpoint sources, N lost from fertilizer and soil, and point sources of industrial waste and residential sewage discharge, which were about 56.2% and 62.3%, 15.4% and 18.5%, 17.1% and 14.4%, respectively, of the N outflow at the Changjiang river mouth; maximum transport being in the middle reaches.

Application of Neomysis awatschensis as a standard marine toxicity test organism in China

The small mysid crustacean Neomysis awatschensis was collected in the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China in 1992 and acclimated and cultured in laboratory conditions since then. Standard acute toxicity tests using 4-6 d juvenile mysids of this species were conducted and the results were compared with Mysidopsis bahia, a standard toxicity test organism used in the US in terms of their sensitivities to reference toxins, as well as their taxonomy, morphology and geographic distributions. Because of its wide distribution along the Chinese coast, similar sensitivity to pollutants as M. bahia, short life history, small size and the case of handling, this study intended to use N. awatschensis as one of the standard marine organisms for toxicity testing in China. The species were applied to acute toxicity evaluations of drilling fluid and its additives I organotin TPT and toxic algae, and to chronic ( life cycle) toxicity assays of organotin TPT and a toxic dinofalgellate Alexandrium tamarense, respectively. Using N, awatschensis as a standard toxicity testing organism in marine pollution assessment in China is suggested.

地下鼠生物学特征及其在生态系统中的作用

地下鼠生活型、行为、种群结构的特殊性，决定了此类动物对植被、土壤及生态系统作用的多样性。地下挖掘能改变土壤的物理环境，导致土壤类型、发育速率、营养可利用性、微地形等的变化。地下啃食直接影响植物的形态、丰富度、种间竞争、植被类型和物种多样性、生物量及群落结构组成等，植物对植食性动物的防御策略具有更明显的化学防卫特性。地下鼠与其他植食性动物种间竞争、空间利用等关系密切，是食肉动物重要的食物资源。地下鼠对生态系统生产力、空间异质性、营养结构和循环、碳素储存以及微量气体释放等生物地球化学过程均能产生重要影响，显示出有别于地面植食性动物的重要性和不可替代性。

CIMS环境下的生产管理系统

本文从功能设计和信息设计二方面讨论了CIMS仿真环境下的生产管理子系统的开发研制过程,分析了生产管理技术中的一些主要问题和解决方法,为实际CIMS的设计开发提供了一个良好的集成实验环境。

自治车视觉导航道路（跟踪方法的研究）

本文提出并在VICOM图像处理系统上用C语言实现了一个消失点－－路边检测的消失点道路跟踪系统。该系统适合于并行处理，不需要中间图像分割，消失点确定与边界检测同时完成，具有简单，有效，模块化结构的特点。本文主要内容：（1）介绍了视觉导航系统的基本结构，强调道路跟踪的重要性。（2）分析，讨论了基本的道路跟踪方法，提出了一种新的并行处理方法－－消失法。（3）建立道路模型，有效地利用环境知识。（4）消失点分析，如何确定消失点搜索窗口。设计并实现消失点道路跟踪的快速算法。（6）建立一个对连续图像进行处理的完整系统。本文对真实的室外自然景物图像，包括一组单幅道路图像和一些连续道路图像进行了实验，取得了较满意的效果。附有实验结果。

地表水中Tl+的光致化学氧化

铊的价态影响铊的毒性以及铊的迁移特性,本工作研究了光照对Tl ( Ⅰ) 的氧化作用. 结果表明,pH 值低、光照强度大以及UVB 和UVC 区有利于Tl ( Ⅰ) 的氧化. pH = 2 时,汞弧灯照射10 min 后,原溶液中所剩的Tl ( Ⅰ) 不到1 %;而pH = 9 时,光照1h 后溶液中的Tl ( Ⅰ) 还剩83 %;汞弧灯照射5min 后,灯2液距离为20cm 的实验,溶液中Tl ( Ⅰ) 仅剩4 % ,而灯2液距离为36cm 时,溶液中的Tl ( Ⅰ) 还剩50 %左右;经滤光后的汞弧灯照射后,溶液中所剩的Tl ( Ⅰ) 还剩90 %左右,而未经滤光的汞弧灯照射后,溶液中所剩的Tl ( Ⅰ) 不足1 %;微生物作用在本实验条件下,相对于光氧化作用并不明显,除去微生物和未除去微生物的水样,经日光照射后,所剩的Tl ( Ⅰ) 均为70 %左右.

New cocktail functional monomers in making molecule imprinting polymer with high chiral selectivity

in order td produce molecule imprinting polymer (MIP) with high chiral selectivity against N-c-protected amino acid, new cocktail functional monomers acrylamide (AM) + 2-vinylpyridine (2-VP) and AM + methacrylic acid (MAA) were investigated. AM + 2-VP was found to be more efficient in improving the selectivity and resolution of the molecule imprinting polymer.