甘肃鼢鼠粪尿气味对侵占行为的影响

气味是哺乳动物个体识别的主要途径，动物气味能传达个体、种、性别和优势地位等化学信息。对地面鼠个体气味识别的研究已有较多报道(Johnston et al., 1993; Johnston et al., 1994; Tang-Martinez et al., 1993)，对地下鼠气味识别研究仅见对鼹形鼠的报道(Heth et al., 1996a, 1996b; Heth et al., 1997; Todrank et al., 1996)。营地下生活的鼠类，如甘肃鼢鼠(Myospalax cansus)、鼹形鼠(Spalax ehrenbergi)等，常独居，终生栖息在自己的洞道内，从不离开并具有领域性和攻击行为。

三种嵩草群落中若干植物种的生态位宽度与重叠分析

本文利用Ｌｅｖｉｎｓ和Ｐｉａｎｋａ公式，在多维生态因子梯度上测定了海北地区高寒草甸三种嵩草（Ｋｏｂｒｅｓｉａ）群落中若干植物种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠。结果表明：三种嵩草群落中优势种群的生态位宽度都较大，其中小嵩草（Ｋ．ｐｙｇｍａｅａ）在土壤水势、光照强度和坡向等三维因子上的生态位宽度分别是０．９１８、０．８９６和０．９１０；矮嵩草（Ｋ．ｈｕｍｉｌｉｓ）和藏嵩草（Ｋ．ｔｉｂｅｔｌｃａ）在土壤水势维上的生态位宽度分别是０．８７５和０．８６６；植物种如具有较大的生态位，则种间的生态位重叠亦较高；植物种对间若有相似的生物学一生态学特征, 生态位重叠有降低的趋势小篙草和矮篙草在三维上的重叠值分别是0.671、0.719和0.686某些杂类草与优质牧草之间存有较大的重叠, 这主要与长期过度放牧、优良牧草受到抑制以及生境退化有关。

基于模拟退火算法的移动机器人路径规划

介绍了模拟退火算法的思想来源及其基本理论，概述了该算法的研究和应用现状。在对移动机器人环境和任务描述的基础上，将模拟退火算法用于移动机器人的路径规划.仿真计算结果表明，模拟退火算法是移动机器人路径规划的有效方法，计算时间少，并能搜索到不同的优化路径。

单元重组技术概述

在单元化生产和单元重组概念的基础上,分析了固定单元模式的缺点和引入重组控制的必要性。对单元重组相关的技术问题进行了较全面的分析和讨论,井给出了重组的控制模型。同时对现有的成组方法的研究现状以及将成组方法应用到重组技术中的新特点进行了探讨。

库车坳陷第三纪磁性地层和磁组构的研究

The Tertiary Kuche depression, also known as one of the most economically important oil and gas prospecting regions in the Tarim Basin, is a foreland basin formed by flexural subsidence resulting from the southward thrusting of the southern Tianshan. Detailed geological and geophysical studies on the Tertiary sequence of the Kuche region would provide constraints not only on the Mesozoic and Cenozoic deformation patterns, and its controlling on the formation and distribution of oil and gas of the Kuche depression, but also on the India-Asia postcollisional uplift and continental deformation of the Tianshan regions. In this thesis, the Tertiary sequence of the Kuche depression, which is composed of the upper Kumukeliemu Formation, Suweiyi Formation, Jidike Formation, Kangcun Formation, and Kuche Formation, was selected for magnetostratigraphic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) study. Among a total of 697 collected sites, 688 sites gave magnetic fabric results and 686 sites yielded reliable paleomagnetic results, building up magenetostratigraphy for the Tertiary sequence of the Kuche depression. By correlating with international geomagnetic polarity timescale, the followings were concluded: 1) the time interval of the sampling sections is some 31-8.1 Ma; 2) the boundaries for Kangcun/Jidike Formations, Jidike/Suweiyi Formations, and Suweiyi/Kumukeliemu Formations are at about 13.5 Ma, 26 Ma and 29 Ma respectively; 3) the Jidike Formation might be formed in an interval between the late Upper Oligocene and middle Miocene, whereas the Suweiyi Formation was formed in the Upper Oligocene, in turn, the Paleogene/Neogene boundary is most likely to be at the bottom of the Jidike Formation in the Kuche depression; 4) the dramatic transition from the marine/lacustrine to fluvial/alluvial facies in the Suweiyi Formation and the lower Jidike Formation of the Kuche depression, which may indicate the initiation of Cenozoic thrusting in the Kuche depression, is probably occurred in the late Oligocene, i.e. at about 28-25 Ma. On the other hand, systematic differences of the AMS parameters, such as the corrected anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, shape parameter of ellipsoids, q factors, angles between the intermediate and minimum magnetic susceptibility directions and bedding, indicate that a dramatic transition of tectonic strain is most likely to occur at about 16 Ma (middle Miocene) in the Kuche depression. Taking into account the initiation o f C enozoic thrusting in the Kuche d epression i s at about 2 8-25 M a, we argue that the intensive Cenozoic thrusting in the Kuche depression is mainly happened during a period between the late Oligocene to middle Miocene.

青藏高原泥炭腐殖化度的古气候意义

报道一种新的、较敏感的古气候代用指标—泥炭腐殖化度通过与同一剖面木里苔草纤维素夕气候代用指标及其他气候代用指标的对比, 得出泥炭的腐殖化度可以用作气候变化的代用指标,即腐殖化度偏大, 指示气候偏暖湿腐殖化度偏小, 指示气候偏干冷由于泥炭腐殖化度测定相对简捷, 值得进一步推广研究

A importância do caprino no Programa Fome Zero.

2004

Resumen preliminar cuaderno de diseño : proyecto talla en carbón, comunidades Tópaga y Morcá.

[40] hojas : ilustraciones.

The Union Mission hymnal, with which is incorporated "Hymns for Heart and Life" / edited by Fredk. C. Spurr ; the harmonies of the non-copyright pieces revised by Henry C. Banister.

http://www.archive.org/details/theunionmissiony00spuruoft

Evaluation of tumor response, disease control, progression-free survival, and time to progression as potential surrogate end points in metastatic breast cancer.

PURPOSE: Overall survival (OS) can be observed only after prolonged follow-up, and any potential effect of first-line therapies on OS may be confounded by the effects of subsequent therapy. We investigated whether tumor response, disease control, progression-free survival (PFS), or time to progression (TTP) could be considered a valid surrogate for OS to assess the benefits of first-line therapies for patients with metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Individual patient data were collected on 3,953 patients in 11 randomized trials that compared an anthracycline (alone or in combination) with a taxane (alone or in combination with an anthracycline). Surrogacy was assessed through the correlation between the end points as well as through the correlation between the treatment effects on the end points. RESULTS: Tumor response (survival odds ratio [OR], 6.2; 95% CI, 5.3 to 7.0) and disease control (survival OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 4.8 to 6.3) were strongly associated with OS. PFS (rank correlation coefficient, 0.688; 95% CI, 0.686 to 0.690) and TTP (rank correlation coefficient, 0.682; 95% CI, 0.680 to 0.684) were moderately associated with OS. Response log ORs were strongly correlated with PFS log hazard ratios (linear coefficient [rho], 0.96; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.19). Response and disease control log ORs and PFS and TTP log hazard ratios were poorly correlated with log hazard ratios for OS, but the confidence limits of rho were too wide to be informative. CONCLUSION: No end point could be demonstrated as a good surrogate for OS in these trials. Tumor response may be an acceptable surrogate for PFS.

Calidad de la educación matemática en secundaria. Actores y procesos en la institución educativa

El objeto de investigación del estudio que aquí se presenta es la serie de actores, factores y relaciones entre ellos que, dentro de la institución educativa y su organización en secundaria, determinan la calidad de la formación matemática que logran los estudiantes colombianos. El problema de investigación de PRIME I se concentra en el estudio de procesos asociados con la enseñanza de las matemáticas, antes de que éstos se concreticen en la interacción directa entre profesor y estudiante en el ámbito restringido del salón de clase, es decir, antes de que lleguen a generar un producto en la manera como los estudiantes construyen (o no) su conocimiento matemático. Para dar cuenta de la indagación hecha, este libro se organiza de la siguiente manera. El primer capítulo formula la problemática general que abordó el proyecto. El segundo capítulo muestra cómo se inscribe el espacio de la investigación en el marco de la literatura de la comunidad internacional de educación matemática. El tercero presenta las consideraciones conceptuales que sustentan la aproximación del proyecto a la problemática de la calidad de las matemáticas en secundaria desde la perspectiva de la insitución educativa. El cuarto capítulo expone los principios y diseño metodológicos seguidos en el proceso de investigación. En el quinto capítulo se exponen los resultados generales del proyecto en términos de lo sucedido en el Sistema Institucional de la Educación Matemática (SIEM) en los colegios participantes y de la influencia de la estrategia de desarrollo profesional realizada con ellos en sus sistemas. El último capítulo retoma una de las grandes preguntas iniciales acerca de la pertinencia del modelo del SIEM para abordar la realidad de la enseñanza de las matemáticas en los colegios colombianos y se presenta una reformulación de éste; también presenta las particularidades metodológicas del proceso de reformulación teórica del modelo del SIEM.

World in motion

Professor Ed Galea CEng, MIFireE provides a welcome to Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2003, (PED 2003) to be held in London on 20-22 August 2003.

Investigation into the performance of turbulence models for fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena in electronic applications

Heat is extracted away from an electronic package by convection, conduction, and/or radiation. The amount of heat extracted by forced convection using air is highly dependent on the characteristics of the airflow around the package which includes its velocity and direction. Turbulence in the air is also important and is required to be modeled accurately in thermal design codes that use computational fluid dynamics (CFD). During air cooling the flow can be classified as laminar, transitional, or turbulent. In electronics systems, the flow around the packages is usually in the transition region, which lies between laminar and turbulent flow. This requires a low-Reynolds number numerical model to fully capture the impact of turbulence on the fluid flow calculations. This paper provides comparisons between a number of turbulence models with experimental data. These models included the distance from the nearest wall and the local velocity (LVEL), Wolfshtein, Norris and Reynolds, k-ε, k-ω, shear-stress transport (SST), and kε/kl models. Results show that in terms of the fluid flow calculations most of the models capture the difficult wake recirculation region behind the package reasonably well, although for packages whose heights cause a high degree of recirculation behind the package the SST model appears to struggle. The paper also demonstrates the sensitivity of the models to changes in the mesh density; this study is aimed specifically at thermal design engineers as mesh independent simulations are rarely conducted in an industrial environment.

Visualizing a temporal consistency checker

The notion of time plays a vital and ubiquitous role of a common universal reference. In knowledge-based systems, temporal information is usually represented in terms of a collection of statements, together with the corresponding temporal reference. This paper introduces a visualized consistency checker for temporal reference. It allows expression of both absolute and relative temporal knowledge, and provides visual representation of temporal references in terms of directed and partially weighted graphs. Based on the temporal reference of a given scenario, the visualized checker can deliver a verdict to the user as to whether the scenario is temporally consistent or not, and provide the corresponding analysis / diagnosis.